The purpose of this study was to compare the chemical, microbiological, and sensory stability of raw peanuts packaged in high barrier plastic bags (EVOH) under vacuum and in regular polypropylene ...(PP) ventilated bags during 60 days of storage at 40 °C. The peroxide value showed a higher increase (from 0.38 to 0.95 meqO2/Kg) in PP samples than in EVOH samples (from 0.38 to 0.63 meqO2/Kg) during storage. The highest free fatty acids value (0.60g oleic acid/100g peanut oil) was reached by EVOH samples at day 60. The samples packaged in PP pouches showed a significantly higher oleic/linoleic ratio (15.94) and lower iodine value (78.07) with respect to EVOH (13.80 and 80.30, respectively) at the end of storage. A greater decrease of α-tocopherol was observed in PP ventilated bags (from 27.78 to 23.24 mg/100g oil) than in EVOH bags (from 27.78 to 25.10 mg/100g oil). At storage day 60, only molds were detected for both peanut samples but EVOH (2900 CFU/g) showed higher values than PP (2170 CFU/g). An increase of the cardboard flavor and a decrease of roasted peanutty were greater in PP samples. The EVOH bags preserve raw peanuts with better quality in comparison with PP bags.
•Lower tocopherol decrease occurs in raw peanuts packaged in high barriers bags.•Lower volatile amount is formed in raw peanuts packaged in high barrier bags.•High barrier bags preserve better the micro and sensory quality of raw peanuts.•High barrier bags packaged at vacuum prolong shelf-life in raw peanuts.
Computed tomographic features of double aortic arch in six dogs Shua‐Haim, Tomer; Vilaplana Grosso, Federico R.; Suarez Fuentes, David ...
Veterinary radiology & ultrasound,
July 2023, 2023-Jul, 2023-07-00, 20230701, Letnik:
64, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Double aortic arch (DAA) is a rare, congenital anomaly in small animals, resulting in a complete vascular ring encircling the esophagus and trachea, and subsequent compression of these organs. Few ...studies have reported utilizing CT angiography (CTA) for diagnosing DAA in dogs; thus, the imaging features are currently lacking in the literature. The objectives of this retrospective, multicenter, descriptive case series were to report the clinical and CTA characteristics of DAA in surgically treated cases. Medical records and CTA images were reviewed. Six juvenile dogs met the inclusion criteria (median age: 4.2 months; range: 2–5 months). The most common clinical signs included chronic regurgitation (100%), decreased body condition (67%), and coughing (50%). Common CTA features of DAA included a dominant left aortic arch (median diameter: 8.1 mm) and minor right aortic arch (median diameter: 4.3 mm; 83%), an aberrant right subclavian artery arising directly from the right aortic arch (83%), segmental esophageal constriction (100%), and variable degrees of dilation cranial to the heart base, and marked tracheal luminal compression (median percent change: –55%; 100%) and leftward curvature of the trachea at the level of the bifurcation of the aortic arches (100%). All dogs underwent successful surgical correction with only minor postoperative complications. Due to the similarity of clinical and imaging characteristics described to that of other forms of vascular ring anomalies (VRA), CTA is vital for the specific diagnosis of DAA in dogs.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive, highly metastatic, and associated with poor patient prognosis. Sialyl-Lewis X and A (sLesup.X/A ) are sugars with important roles in cell ...signalling and metastasis. We aimed to describe the relevance of sLesup.X/A in TNBC patients and its association with other biomarkers. We identified that sLesup.X/A negatively correlated with cytokeratins, structural proteins present at the cell cytoskeleton, and are involved in cell attachment, by using patient tissues, cell lines, and datasets. Our data suggests that sLesup.X/A is decorating proteins such as integrin alpha 6, deregulating cell signalling responsible for hemidesmosome formation, impacting cell adhesion, and promoting metastatic behaviour. This work highlights sLesup.X/A as an important biomarker behind TNBC malignancy to target and treat this breast cancer type. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) encompasses multiple entities and is generally highly aggressive and metastatic. We aimed to determine the clinical and biological relevance of Sialyl-Lewis X and A (sLesup.X/A )—a fucosylated glycan involved in metastasis—in TNBC. Here, we studied tissues from 50 TNBC patients, transcripts from a TNBC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and a primary breast cancer cell line. All 50 TNBC tissue samples analysed expressed sLesup.X/A . Patients with high expression of sLesup.X/A had 3 years less disease-free survival than patients with lower expression. In tissue, sLesup.X/A negatively correlated with cytokeratins 5/6 (CK5/6, which was corroborated by the inverse correlation between fucosyltransferases and CK5/6 genes. Our observations were confirmed in vitro when inhibition of sLesup.X/A remarkably increased expression of CK5/6, followed by a decreased proliferation and invasion capacity. Among the reported glycoproteins bearing sLesup.X/A and based on the STRING tool, α6 integrin showed the highest interaction score with CK5/6. This is the first report on the sLesup.X/A expression in TNBC, highlighting its association with lower disease-free survival and its inverse crosstalk with CK5/6 with α6 integrin as a mediator. All in all, sLesup.X/A is critical for TNBC malignancy and a potential prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) encompasses multiple entities and is generally highly aggressive and metastatic. We aimed to determine the clinical and biological relevance of Sialyl-Lewis X and ...A (sLeX/A)—a fucosylated glycan involved in metastasis—in TNBC. Here, we studied tissues from 50 TNBC patients, transcripts from a TNBC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and a primary breast cancer cell line. All 50 TNBC tissue samples analysed expressed sLeX/A. Patients with high expression of sLeX/A had 3 years less disease-free survival than patients with lower expression. In tissue, sLeX/A negatively correlated with cytokeratins 5/6 (CK5/6, which was corroborated by the inverse correlation between fucosyltransferases and CK5/6 genes. Our observations were confirmed in vitro when inhibition of sLeX/A remarkably increased expression of CK5/6, followed by a decreased proliferation and invasion capacity. Among the reported glycoproteins bearing sLeX/A and based on the STRING tool, α6 integrin showed the highest interaction score with CK5/6. This is the first report on the sLeX/A expression in TNBC, highlighting its association with lower disease-free survival and its inverse crosstalk with CK5/6 with α6 integrin as a mediator. All in all, sLeX/A is critical for TNBC malignancy and a potential prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target.
The effects of the method of sintering on phase content, densification and ionic conductivity of zirconia stabilized with 10 mol% scandia and 1 mol% ceria are investigated varying dwell temperature ...and time. Thermodilatometry as well as sintered density results indicate a fast densification for temperatures above 1150 °C. The rhombohedric phase is detected in the 1150–1300 °C range depending on the sintering time. In conventionally sintered pellets, after 2 h at 1200 °C the material is cubic single-phase. For this method of sintering, high dwell temperatures and prolonged times lead to phase decomposition and consequent formation of the rhombohedric phase. For any specific relative density, the mean grain size of pellets sintered by the two-stage method is smaller than the conventionally sintered ones. The smaller mean grain size obtained for specimens sintered by the two-stage method precludes an improvement in the mechanical properties. The overall electrolyte conductivity determined by impedance spectroscopy for pellets sintered by both methods exhibits similar behavior over the whole temperature range (300–800 °C) of measurements.
► CeO2 addition to scandia-doped zirconia stabilizes the cubic structure up to 1000 °C. ► Overfiring results in degradation of the cubic phase and ionic conductivity. ► A fine microstructure is obtained with the two-stage method.
The secondary emission yield (SEY) properties of colaminated Cu samples for LHC beam screens are correlated to the surface chemical composition determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ...surface of the as-received samples is characterized by the presence of significant quantities of contaminating adsorbates and by the maximum of the SEY curve (δmax ) being as high as 2.1. After extended electron scrubbing at kinetic energy of 10 and 500 eV, the δmax value drops to the ultimate values of 1.35 and 1.1, respectively. In both cases the surface oxidized phases are significantly reduced, whereas only in the sample scrubbed at 500 eV the formation of a graphitic-like C layer is observed. We find that the electron scrubbing of technical Cu surfaces can be described as occurring in two steps: the first step consists in the electron-induced desorption of weakly bound contaminants that occurs indifferently at 10 and at 500 eV and corresponds to a partial decrease of δmax ; the second step, activated by more energetic electrons and becoming evident at high doses, increases the number of graphitic-like C-C bonds via the dissociation of adsorbates already contaminating the as-received surface or accumulating on this surface during irradiation. Our results demonstrate how the kinetic energy of impinging electrons is a crucial parameter when conditioning the surfaces of Cu and other metals by means of electron-induced chemical processing.
Left atrial enlargement indicates severe cardiac disease. Although the gold standard for determining left atrial size is echocardiography, many veterinary practices lack the necessary equipment and ...expertise. Therefore, thoracic radiography is often used to differentiate cardiogenic pulmonary edema from primary respiratory diseases and to facilitate distinguishing dogs with stage B1 and B2 mitral valve degeneration.
The goal was to test a new standardized method for identifying radiographic left atrial enlargement. On a lateral radiograph, a straight line was drawn from the dorsal border of the tracheal bifurcation to the crossing point of the dorsal border of the caudal vena cava and the most cranial crus of the diaphragm. If a part of the left atrium extended this line dorsally, it was considered enlarged. Echocardiographic left atrial to aortic ratio (LA:Ao) was used as a reference. Thirty-nine observers with various levels of experience evaluated 90 radiographs, first subjectively, then applying the new method.
The new method moderately correlated with LA:Ao (r = 0.56-0.66) in all groups. The diagnostic accuracy (72-74%) of the subjective assessment and the new method showed no difference.
Though the new method was not superior to subjective assessment, it may facilitate learning and subjective interpretation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Purified fractions of phenolic compounds can be produced from peanut skins.•These fractions have a high antioxidant activity.•These fractions reduce lipid deterioration.•These fractions can be used ...as natural antioxidant agents.•Food products could increase their shelf life using these fractions as preservatives.
Peanut skins are a natural source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity and potential utility as food preservatives. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of extracts and purified fractions obtained from peanut skins prepared by blanching and roasting processes. Peanut skins from blanching and roasting processes were used to obtain crude extracts. These crude extracts were purified by solvent partition with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. The ethyl acetate fraction obtained from blanched peanut skins was separated in a column packed with Sephadex LH-20 and separated into three new fractions of different colors: yellow, purple, and brown. The extraction yield, total phenols and flavonoids, scavenging activity towards different radicals (DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide anion), ferrous ion chelating activity, and accelerated sunflower oil oxidation were evaluated in crude extracts and purified fractions. The peanut skin fraction compounds were analyzed by HPLC–ESI-MS/MS. The extracts obtained from blanched peanut skins displayed a higher phenolic content (672.40mg GAE/g) than those prepared from roasted peanut skins (416.92mg GAE/g). Purification using solvent partition with ethyl acetate and column chromatography increased total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of peanut skin extracts. Fractions with higher total phenolic contents were associated with higher scavenging activities towards DPPH and superoxide anion radicals, and higher ferrous ion chelating activity. The yellow fraction exhibited higher flavonoid content and showed higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. In the accelerated sunflower oil oxidation test, peroxide values were lower in the color fraction samples. The main compounds present in peanut skin color fractions were phenolic acids, flavonoids, and stilbenes. The purified fractions of peanut skins displayed antioxidant properties and reduced peroxide formation in sunflower oil. These fractions could be used as a natural antioxidant in food products.
How DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) affect ongoing transcription remains elusive due to the lack of single-molecule resolution tools directly measuring transcription dynamics upon DNA damage. Here, ...we established new reporter systems that allow the visualization of individual nascent RNAs with high temporal and spatial resolution upon the controlled induction of a single DSB at two distinct chromatin locations: a promoter-proximal (PROP) region downstream the transcription start site and a region within an internal exon (EX2). Induction of a DSB resulted in a rapid suppression of preexisting transcription initiation regardless of the genomic location. However, while transcription was irreversibly suppressed upon a PROP DSB, damage at the EX2 region drove the formation of promoter-like nucleosome-depleted regions and transcription recovery. Two-color labeling of transcripts at sequences flanking the EX2 lesion revealed bidirectional break-induced transcription initiation. Transcriptome analysis further showed pervasive bidirectional transcription at endogenous intragenic DSBs. Our data provide a novel framework for interpreting the reciprocal interactions between transcription and DNA damage at distinct chromatin regions.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between overall acceptance, chemical indicators, and sensory attributes in roasted peanuts harvested from high‐oleic peanut genotypes ...produced in Argentina. Oleic/linoleic ratio (O/L), peroxide value, p‐anisidine value, conjugated dienes, consumer acceptance, and descriptive analysis were performed on roasted peanuts prepared using 16 genotypes of normal and high‐oleic peanuts. Principal component and cluster analysis were performed on the chemical and sensory data from peanut genotypes. Acceptance was positively associated with O/L, crunchiness, sweetness, roasted peanutty flavor, and hardness. Acceptability was negatively associated with cardboard, oxidized, and sour flavors. The high‐oleic genotypes, 4896‐11‐C, and 9399‐10 showed high consumer acceptance with 7 or “like moderately” in a hedonic scale of 9 points. Some high‐oleic peanut lines, such as 9399‐10, could be used to replace normal peanuts without affecting consumer acceptance of peanut products processed from them and more stability due to the high‐oleic condition.
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