Objective: To explore the prognostic factors of extracellular NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) treated with pegaspargase/L-asparaginase. Methods: The clinical data of 656 ENKTL patients diagnosed at 11 ...medical centers in the Huaihai Lymphoma Working Group from March 2014 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: a training set (460 cases) and a validation set (196 cases) at 7∶3, and the prognostic factors of the patients were analyzed. A prognostic scoring system was established, and the predictive performance of different models was compared. Results: Patients' median age was 46 (34, 57) years, with 456 males (69.5% ) and 561 nasal involvement (85.5% ). 203 patients (30.9% ) received a chemotherapy regimen based on L-asparaginase combined with anthracyclines, and the 5-year overall survival rate of patients treated with P-GEMOX regimen (pegaspargase+gemcitabine+oxaliplatin) was better than those treated with SMILE regimen (methotrexate+dexamethasone+cyclophosp
Abstract
The Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) is a large scientific
facility that is preferentially deployed for the construction of major national science and
technology ...infrastructures. A negative beam source based neutral beam injector (NNBI) with beam
energy of 200–400 keV, beam power of 2 MW and beam duration of 100 s is one of the devices. A
giant radio frequency (RF) based negative beam source was designed for the CRAFT NNBI system. In
order to understand the physics and pre-study the engineering problems for RF negative beams
source, several beam sources with different scales will be designed and tested. According to the
R&D schedule, a negative beam source with a single driver was designed, developed and tested
first. The single driver beam source is a quarter of the size of the full size negative beam
source. It contains an RF driver, an expansion chamber and a negative ion accelerator with three
electrodes, which are a plasma grid (PG), extraction grid (EG) and ground grid (GG). To enhance
the negative ion production, Cesium is injected into the plasma chamber and a magnetic filter
filed is produced by current flow through the PG to decrease the electron temperature. The
negative beam source was tested on the test facility after assembly, including RF plasma
generation, negative ion production, extraction and acceleration. The characteristic of plasma
discharge, beam extraction and acceleration was studied without and with Cs injection. The long
pulse of 105 seconds negative ion beam was achieved successfully. The extracted negative ion
current is 4 A and the ratio of electron and negative ion is around 0.8. It lays a good foundation
for the R&D of negative ion source with a multi-driver for the CRAFT NNBI system. The details of
the design and experimental results of beam source was shown in this paper.
Controlling beam loading is essential to produce large-charge high-quality electron beams in laser wakefield acceleration. The bunch shape in the longitudinal direction is a key factor to optimize ...beam loading. However, how to generate an electron beam with an appropriate shape is always a difficult problem to solve. In the present paper, indirect manipulation on the bunch shape is realized by tuning the laser profile. This is because that the bunch shape relies on the initial transverse position of electrons, which can be controlled by the laser profile in the optical injection scheme. Based on this indirect manipulation method, we find that by reducing the focal spot size of the injection pulse and thus effectively inhibiting off-axis electron injection, the electron beam shape gradually changes from down-ramp to flat-top, which is more favorable for optimizing beam loading. Consequently, we use a cigar-like injection pulse to generate electron beams with large charge and low energy spread. In this manner, an electron beam with 0.1% energy spread, 214 pC total charge and 0.3π mm⋅mrad emittance can be produced.
It is important to understand the heat transfer deterioration (HTD) phenomenon for specifying cladding temperature limits in the fuel assembly design of supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR). In ...this study, a numerical investigation of heat transfer in supercritical water flowing through vertical tube with high mass flux and high heat flux is performed by using six low-Reynolds number turbulence models. The capabilities of the addressed models in predicting the observed phenomena of experimental study are shortly analyzed. Mechanisms of the effect of flow structures and fluid properties on heat transfer deterioration phenomenon are also discussed. Numerical results have shown that the turbulence is significantly suppressed when the large-property-variation region spreads to the buffer layer near the wall region, resulting in heat transfer deterioration phenomenon. The property variations of dynamic viscosity and specific heat capacity in supercritical water can impair the deterioration in heat transfer, while the decrease of thermal conductivity contributes to the deterioration.
Significant changes usually take place in the internal metabolism of insects during metamorphosis. The glycolysis‐tricarboxylic acid (glycolysis‐TCA) pathway is important for energy metabolism. To ...elucidate its dynamics, the mRNA levels of genes involved in this pathway were examined in the midgut of Spodoptera litura during metamorphosis, and the pyruvate content was quantified. The expression patterns of these genes in response to starvation were examined, and the interaction between protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) was studied. The results revealed that the expression or activities of most glycolytic enzymes was down‐regulated in prepupae and then recovered in some degree in pupae, and all TCA‐related genes were remarkably suppressed in both the prepupae and pupae. Pyruvate was enriched in the pupal midgut. Taken together, these results suggest that insects decrease both glycolysis and TCA in prepupae to save energy and then up‐regulate glycolysis but down‐regulate TCA in pupae to increase the supply of intermediates for construction of new organs. The expression of all these genes were down‐regulated by starvation, indicating that non‐feeding during metamorphosis may be a regulator of glycolysis‐TCA pathway in the midgut. Importantly, interaction between PP1 and PFK was identified and is suggested to be involved in the regulation of glycolysis.
Vascular supercharge and flap prefabrication are two surgical maneuvers to improve flap blood supply. Although these techniques have been studied intensively, few studies have focused on the ...differences between supercharge and prefabricated flaps regarding their flap survival areas, vasculatures, and hemodynamics.
In this study, 21 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups as follows: group A, single perforator flap; group B, supercharge flap; and group C, prefabricated flap. Flap survival was measured 1 week after flap elevation. Indocyanine green angiography was applied to visualize flap vascularity and to analyze flap hemodynamics. Von Willebrand factor immunohistochemical staining was applied to assess the number of microvessels in the choke zone of the abdominal wall.
The flap survival areas were expanded significantly in the arteriovenous supercharge group and the vascular bundle prefabricated group compared with that in the single-perforator group (81.34 ± 8.12 percent and 75.51 ± 8.08 percent versus 46.27 ± 10.01 percent, respectively; p < 0.05). Hemodynamic analysis suggested that although a significant increase in arterial infusion could be achieved with flap prefabrication, the venous effusion of the prefabricated flap was the worst among the three groups, indicating greater susceptibility to compromised venous return. Active neovascularization was confirmed by an increased number of microvessels in group C. Specifically, the dilatation of choke vessels and the newly formed vessels of the prefabricated pedicle could be appreciated by indocyanine green angiographic mapping.
Both vascular supercharge and flap prefabrication can augment the blood supply of the perforator flap but by means of different mechanisms. Because a supercharge flap is less susceptible to venous compromise, it is suggested to first consider the use of vascular supercharging when feasible.
We report the discovery of an extended very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray source around the location of the middle-aged (207.8 kyr) pulsar PSR J 0622 + 3749 with the Large High-Altitude Air Shower ...Observatory (LHAASO). The source is detected with a significance of 8.2 σ for E > 25 TeV assuming a Gaussian template. The best-fit location is (right ascension, declination) = ( 95.47 ° ± 0.11 ° , 37.92 ° ± 0.09 ° ) , and the extension is 0.40 ° ± 0.07 ° . The energy spectrum can be described by a power-law spectrum with an index of − 2.92 ± 0.17stat± 0.02sys. No clear extended multiwavelength counterpart of the LHAASO source has been found from the radio to sub-TeV bands. The LHAASO observations are consistent with the scenario that VHE electrons escaped from the pulsar, diffused in the interstellar medium, and scattered the interstellar radiation field. If interpreted as the pulsar halo scenario, the diffusion coefficient, inferred for electrons with median energies of ∼ 160 TeV , is consistent with those obtained from the extended halos around Geminga and Monogem and much smaller than that derived from cosmic ray secondaries. The LHAASO discovery of this source thus likely enriches the class of so-called pulsar halos and confirms that high-energy particles generally diffuse very slowly in the disturbed medium around pulsars.
► At the resonance frequency,
α
E,A in the axial mode increases linearly even though
H
DC
>
8000
Oe. ► The maximum of
α
E,V in the vertical mode with
H
DC
=
270
Oe is much higher than that with
H
DC
...=
7000
Oe. ► The ME voltage coefficient increases with cylinder diameter. ► The resonance frequency of cylindrical layered composites decreases with increasing cylinder diameter.
Magnetoelectric (ME) Ni–PZT–Ni cylindrical layered composites have been prepared by electroless deposition. The ME effect was measured by applying both constant and alternating magnetic fields parallel and perpendicular to the cylinder axis direction. The ME voltage coefficient increases with cylinder diameter. Both experimental and calculated data indicate that the resonance frequency of Ni–PZT–Ni cylindrical layered composites decreases with increasing cylinder diameter. We can apply this characteristic of resonance frequency to design a kind of ME composites with the controllable resonance ME coupling.
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