O7; During the crystal growth of Nd, Cr∶GSGG by Czochralski method, in some cases eutectic reaction occurred in the nether region of the crystal, and the boule was divided into two obvious different ...parts, which is upper Nd,Cr∶GSGG crystal and the nether coexisting Nd,Cr∶GSGG and GdScO3. By X-ray powder diffraction, the structure change of NdCr∶GSGG crystal of Φ 27 mm×120 mm with eutectic along its grown direction was studied. By the least square method and extrapolation function f=sinθ-sinθ1-t(t is an adjustable parameter), the lattice parameters of Nd,Cr∶GSGG and additional GdScO3 phase were computed. The results indicate that the lattice parameters of Nd,Cr∶GSGG increase along its growth direction, which changes from a=(1.25650±0.00007) nm of the top to (1.25798±0.00010) nm of the bottom. In the process of Nd,Cr∶GSGG growth, Gd3+ in Nd,Cr∶GSGG is partly replaced by Nd3+ with larger ionic radii, and the volatilization of Ga component results in its composition variance, which cause the lattice parameters increase along growth direction. In the eutectic section, there are the Nd,Cr∶GSGG and the second phase orthorhombic GdScO3. The lattice parameters of GdScO3 are a=0.5443±0.0007, b=0.5699±0.0005 and c=(0.7865±0.0009) nm, and that of Nd,Cr∶GSGG is (1.25798±0.00010) nm. In the final growth stage, excessive volatilization of Ga composition during the crystal growth causes the growth melt deflect of the Nd,Cr∶GSGG solid solution range seriously, and results in the eutectic reaction, and the outgrowth of Nd,Cr∶GSGG and GdScO3. So it is necessary to decrease the effect of gallium volatilization during the growth in order to avoid eutectic growth and obtain a high-quality Nd,Cr∶GSGG.
In this paper, the sol-gel method with Re2O3 (Re=Gd, Eu) as parent compounds was introduced to produce Gd2O3:Eu3+ thin films. From the luminescence intensities of the films doped with different Eu3+ ...concentration and annealed at different temperatures, it was found that the optimal dopant concentration and annealing procedure was 10% and 800 degrees C for 2 hours, respectively. By comparing the excitation spectra of the Gd2O3:Eu3+ film and powder, the authors found that the film has higher efficiency for energy transfer from host to dopant, which means that the film would be more suitable than the powder as a radio-luminescence material. In addition, it was first discovered that the luminescence of the film nearly disappeared after 2 hours annealing at 1000 degrees C. The phenomenon was explained with the results of SEM and XRD experiments.
Hole blocking layer with pinhole-free and excellent electron conductivity is critical in high-efficient perovskite solar cells. In this paper, we investigated thoroughly the effect of tantalum (Ta) ...or niobium (Nb) dopant in TiO2 compact layer. Both Ta and Nb dopants could enhance the electron conductivity of TiO2 compact film without declining their light transmittance property. The PSCs assembled with Ta or Nb-doped TiO2 blocking layer exhibited an evident promotion in short-circuit current density, and the best-performing PSCs had conversion efficiency enhancement from 13.66% (pure TiO2) to 14.41% (Ta-doped TiO2) and 14.29% (Nb-doped TiO2). Moreover, the reproducibility of PSCs was preferable with 3% Ta and 3% Nb-doped TiO2 blocking layer. Besides, the increased conductivity of doped TiO2 compact layer efficiently suppressed the J-V hysteresis of PSCs under different scan directions. PL and EIS results further revealed that the doped-TiO2 compact layer could accelerate electron transfer rate and decrease the recombination probability at TiO2/perovskite interface.
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•TiO2 dense layer was doped with tantalum or niobium in perovskite solar cells.•Ta or Nb-doped TiO2 blocking layer could effectively promote PSCs performance.•The doping strategy could enhance charge transfer at TiO2/perovskite interface.
We present an analysis of the process ψ(3686)→Ω^{-}Ωover ¯^{+} (Ω^{-}→K^{-}Λ, Ωover ¯^{+}→K^{+}Λover ¯, Λ→pπ^{-}, Λover ¯→pover ¯π^{+}) based on a dataset of 448×10^{6} ψ(3686) decays collected with ...the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron-positron collider. The helicity amplitudes for the process ψ(3686)→Ω^{-}Ωover ¯^{+} and the decay parameters of the subsequent decay Ω^{-}→K^{-}Λ (Ωover ¯^{+}→K^{+}Λover ¯) are measured for the first time by a fit to the angular distribution of the complete decay chain, and the spin of the Ω^{-} is determined to be 3/2 for the first time since its discovery more than 50 years ago.
Diabet. Med. 28, 455–463 (2011)
Aims To assess the effect of mobile phone intervention on glycaemic control in diabetes self‐management. Methods We searched three electronic databases (PubMed, ...EMBASE and Cochrane Library) using the following terms: diabetes or diabetes mellitus and mobile phone or cellular phone, or text message. We also manually searched reference lists of relevant papers to identify additional studies. Clinical studies that used mobile phone intervention and reported changes in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values in patients with diabetes were reviewed. The study design, intervention methods, sample size and clinical outcomes were extracted from each trial. The results of the HbA1c change in the trials were pooled using meta‐analysis methods.
Results A total of 22 trials were selected for the review. Meta‐analysis among 1657 participants showed that mobile phone interventions for diabetes self‐management reduced HbA1c values by a mean of 0.5% 6 mmol/mol; 95% confidence interval, 0.3–0.7% (4–8 mmol/mol) over a median of 6 months follow‐up duration. In subgroup analysis, 11 studies among Type 2 diabetes patients reported significantly greater reduction in HbA1c than studies among Type 1 diabetes patients 0.8 (9 mmol/mol) vs. 0.3% (3 mmol/mol); P = 0.02. The effect of mobile phone intervention did not significantly differ by other participant characteristics or intervention strategies.
Conclusions Results pooled from the included trials provided strong evidence that mobile phone intervention led to statistically significant improvement in glycaemic control and self‐management in diabetes care, especially for Type 2 diabetes patients.
One hundred cases of toe transfer were subjected to histopathologic vessel examination. Results indicated that vascular injuries are crucially responsible for perioperative and postoperative crisis. ...A thorough resection of the abnormal vessel segment can prevent circulatory crisis and elevate the survival rate.
Reptiles are the most morphologically and physiologically diverse tetrapods, and have undergone 300 million years of adaptive evolution. Within the reptilian tetrapods, geckos possess several ...interesting features, including the ability to regenerate autotomized tails and to climb on smooth surfaces. Here we sequence the genome of Gekko japonicus (Schlegel's Japanese Gecko) and investigate genetic elements related to its physiology. We obtain a draft G. japonicus genome sequence of 2.55 Gb and annotated 22,487 genes. Comparative genomic analysis reveals specific gene family expansions or reductions that are associated with the formation of adhesive setae, nocturnal vision and tail regeneration, as well as the diversification of olfactory sensation. The obtained genomic data provide robust genetic evidence of adaptive evolution in reptiles.
The landscape of genetic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma derived from Asian patients is largely uncharacterized. Here we present an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of 335 primary ...lung adenocarcinomas and 35 corresponding lymph node metastases from Chinese patients. Altogether 13 significantly mutated genes are identified, including the most commonly mutated gene TP53 and novel mutation targets such as RHPN2, GLI3 and MRC2. TP53 mutations are furthermore significantly enriched in tumours from patients harbouring metastases. Genes regulating cytoskeleton remodelling processes are also frequently altered, especially in metastatic samples, of which the high expression level of IQGAP3 is identified as a marker for poor prognosis. Our study represents the first large-scale sequencing effort on lung adenocarcinoma in Asian patients and provides a comprehensive mutational landscape for both primary and metastatic tumours. This may thus form a basis for personalized medical care and shed light on the molecular pathogenesis of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.
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