Rankings of countries on mean levels of self-reported Conscientiousness continue to puzzle researchers. Based on the hypothesis that cross-cultural differences in the tendency to prefer extreme ...response categories of ordinal rating scales over moderate categories can influence the comparability of self-reports, this study investigated possible effects of response style on the mean levels of self-reported Conscientiousness in 22 samples from 20 countries. Extreme and neutral responding were estimated based on respondents’ ratings of 30 hypothetical people described in short vignettes. In the vignette ratings, clear cross-sample differences in extreme and neutral responding emerged. These responding style differences were correlated with mean self-reported Conscientiousness scores. Correcting self-reports for extreme and neutral responding changed sample rankings of Conscientiousness, as well as the predictive validities of these rankings for external criteria. The findings suggest that the puzzling country rankings of self-reported Conscientiousness may to some extent result from differences in response styles.
Autologous nerve grafting serves is considered the gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve defects; however, limited availability and donor area destruction restrict its widespread clinical ...application. Although the performance of allogeneic decellularized nerve implants has been explored, challenges such as insufficient human donors have been a major drawback to its clinical use. Tissue-engineered neural regeneration materials have been developed over the years, and researchers have explored strategies to mimic the peripheral neural microenvironment during the design of nerve catheter grafts, namely the extracellular matrix (ECM), which includes mechanical, physical, and biochemical signals that support nerve regeneration. In this study, polycaprolactone/silk fibroin (PCL/SF)-aligned electrospun material was modified with ECM derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs), and a dual-bionic nerve regeneration material was successfully fabricated. The results indicated that the developed biomimetic material had excellent biological properties, providing sufficient anchorage for Schwann cells and subsequent axon regeneration and angiogenesis processes. Moreover, the dual-bionic material exerted a similar effect to that of autologous nerve transplantation in bridging peripheral nerve defects in rats. In conclusion, this study provides a new concept for designing neural regeneration materials, and the prepared dual-bionic repair materials have excellent auxiliary regenerative ability and further preclinical testing is warranted to evaluate its clinical application potential.
•Utilizing ECM-modified electrospun fibers to mimic the peripheral nerve regeneration microenvironment.•The "biomimetic material" demonstrates excellent biological performance in nerve repair.
Variation analysis of ecosystem services (ESs) is an important means of regional watershed management, especially for the ecologically fragile Three-River Headwaters Basin (TRHB), which is an ...important part of the national ecological security barrier. In this study, meteorological data, remote sensing images and land use data from 2000 to 2020 in the TRHB were collected. Based on the estimation of ecosystem service values (ESVs), the spatial-temporal variations of ESVs in the three watersheds were analyzed via spatial autocorrelation analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and correspondence analysis. The study indicates that for the 20-year changes in the TRHB, the provisioning service (PS) and regulating service (RS) increased in most areas except for a small decrease in the northwest, while the supporting service (SS) value in most areas in the southwest showed a decreasing trend. Through the difference results of different watersheds, it can be seen that the differences in the PS and RS values among the three watersheds became increasingly more significant with the passage of time. Moreover, a significant correspondence was identified between each watershed and each ESV level, whereby the highest ESV levels (SS-VI, RS-VI, and PS-VI) mainly corresponded to the Yellow River watershed, the high values (SS-V, RS-V, PS-V, SS-IV, RS-IV, and PS-IV) mainly corresponded to the Lancang River watershed, and the low values (SS-I, RS-I, and PS-I) corresponded to the Yangtze River watershed. Our analysis shows the variation characteristics of ESVs to provide a guiding basis for ensuring the precise implementation of the management and protection of watersheds in the TRHB or similar areas.
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•Most ecosystem service values (ESVs) showed annually increasing trends.•The watershed order for ESVs was Yellow River > Lancang River > Yangtze River.•All the ESVs within the study area displayed a strong spatial correlation.•Spatiotemporal characteristics of the ESVs various between three watersheds.•Optimizational managements that are compatible with each ecosystem were formulated.
Optoelectronic neural interfaces can leverage the photovoltaic effect to convert light into electrical current, inducing charge redistribution and enabling nerve stimulation. This method offers a ...non-genetic and remote approach for neuromodulation. Developing biodegradable and efficient optoelectronic neural interfaces is important for achieving transdermal stimulation while minimizing infection risks associated with device retrieval, thereby maximizing therapeutic outcomes. We propose a biodegradable, flexible, and miniaturized silicon-based neural interface capable of transdermal optoelectronic stimulation for neural modulation and nerve regeneration. Enhancing the device interface with thin-film molybdenum significantly improves the efficacy of neural stimulation. Our study demonstrates successful activation of the sciatic nerve in rodents and the facial nerve in rabbits. Moreover, transdermal optoelectronic stimulation accelerates the functional recovery of injured facial nerves.Optoelectronic neural interfaces allow for non-genetic and remote modulation of neural activity. Here, the authors propose a biodegradable, flexible and miniaturized neural interface based on molybdenum-modified silicon diodes that allows transdermal neuromodulation and promotes nerve regeneration.
The current research investigated whether employees' self‐construals moderated the effects of supplementary fit and complementary fit on their work‐related outcomes (i.e. affective commitment and ...citizenship behavior). An organisational sample of 317 Chinese employees provided evidence that the relations between supplementary fit and these two work‐related outcomes were stronger among employees with a higher interdependent self‐construal. Conversely, the relations between complementary fit and work‐related outcomes were stronger among employees with a higher independent self‐construal. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Summary
To access organizational resources, subordinates often strive to influence supervisors' impressions. Moreover, subordinates' interactions with supervisors are known to be ripe with emotions. ...Nevertheless, research on upward impression management has rarely examined how subordinates' emotion regulation in supervisor interactions may shape their tangible outcomes. The present study introduces subordinates' emotional labor toward supervisors as a novel means of upward influence. Building on the emotions‐as‐social‐information model, we propose that supervisor‐directed emotional labor indirectly relates with supervisory reward recommendations by shaping supervisors' liking and perceived competence of subordinates. Moreover, we cast supervisors' epistemic motivation as a boundary condition for these indirect relations. We tested these notions using time‐lagged data from 377 subordinates and 91 supervisors. When supervisors' epistemic motivation was higher (but not lower), (1) supervisor‐directed surface acting related negatively with supervisors' liking and perceived competence of subordinates and (2) supervisor‐directed deep acting related positively with supervisors' liking of subordinates. Liking and perceived competence, in turn, related positively with supervisors' willingness to recommend subordinates for organizational rewards. These findings highlight supervisor‐directed emotional labor as an upward impression management strategy with both beneficial (deep acting) and detrimental (surface acting) implications, and they illustrate important mechanisms and a key contingency factor for these consequences.
The hydrodynamics of a slugging fluidized bed is investigated numerically by using a two-fluid model suggested by Brandani and Zhang 22. Numerical simulations are carried out in the platform of a ...commercial software package, CFX 4.4, by adding user-defined subroutines. The bed expansion ratio, the pressure drop fluctuation and its power spectrum density at the equipment scale and the solids volume fraction distributions at the grid scale are predicted to explore the slugging fluidization characteristics for Geldart group D particles. By comparing with the experimental data in the literature, the numerical model is found to have better predictive ability when the viscous force term is considered in the gas phase momentum equation.
The fruit of Cinnamomum cassia is an important spice material and its branch is a common Chinese herbal medicine as the family Lauraceae. In this study, we reported the complete chloroplast genome of ...C. cassia. The chloroplast genome of C. cassia with length of 152,675 bp is a characteristic quadripartite structure. The length of the inverted-repeats regions (IRs), large single-copy (LSC) region, and small single-copy (SSC) region of C. cassia was 20,068 bp, 93,663 and 18,876 bp. The chloroplast genome of C. cassia contains 124 genes, which includes 80 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 36 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and 8 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). The overall nucleotide content of the chloroplast genome: 30.0% A (Adenine), 30.8% T (Thymine), 19.7% C (Cytosine), 19.5% G (Guanine), and 39.2% GC content. Evolutionary relationship result showed that Cinnamomum cassia was most closely related to Cinnamomum parthenoxylon in the family Lauraceae by the Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method.
This article is part of the 50th anniversary issue of the Journal of Vocational Behavior (JVB), with a focus on person-environment (P-E) fit. P-E fit has been a central research area in vocational ...and organizational psychology. With a focus on highly influential work in both fields, this article aims to synthesize P-E fit literature and develop theoretical models to guide future research. First, we summarize key perspectives and the state of the art in the general P-E fit literature. Second, based on a succinct review of P-E fit papers published in JVB, we take an interdisciplinary approach to critically discuss the conceptual and methodical ambiguities in this area. Third, we integrate identity and social exchange theories to present an Identity-Capability-Reward (ICR) model to conceptualize P-E fit across job roles and work entities at different levels. Fourth, we draw upon self-regulation and life-span development perspectives to propose a cybernetic development model that theorizes the self-regulated changes of fit experiences across time. We conclude with recommendations for an integrative, dynamic, and developmental approach to advance the P-E fit theories.
•P-E fit research in vocational and organizational psychology is reviewed.•Theoretical and methodological issues in JVB P-E fit research are discussed.•An Identity-Capability-Reward (ICR) model is developed to conceptualize P-E fit.•A cybernetic development model is developed to theorize fit changes across time.•An integrative, dynamic and developmental approach is recommended.
The present work compares the hydrodynamics in the 2-dimension (2-D) and 3-dimension (3-D) liquid–solid fluidized beds using a simple two-fluid model suggested by Brandani and Zhang (2006). This ...model considers the effect of the particles dispersed on the momentum equations into the inviscid model A of Gidaspow (1994). Numerical simulations are conducted in the platform of CFX 4.4, a commercial CFD code, together with user-defined FORTRAN subroutines. Based on the independence of mesh size and time step in the 2-D bed, detailed hydrodynamics are compared numerically in the 2-D and 3-D beds after a sudden change in the liquid inlet velocity and the physical property of the liquid–solid system. The computational results show that the bed height, surface height and vertical solid holdup profile within the 2-D and 3-D beds are in the good agreement after a decrease in the liquid inlet velocity or an increase in the liquid–solid density difference and liquid viscosity. However, the differences of surface height and vertical solid holdup profile are found between the 2-D and 3-D simulation when the liquid inlet velocity is increased or the particle diameter is decreased.
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► A simple two-fluid model is used to predict liquid–solid fluidization. ► Independence of mesh size and time step is investigated in the 2-D bed. ► Results are compared in the 2-D and 3-D beds after operational condition is changed. ► Differences are found as increasing liquid velocity or decreasing particle diameter.
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