El objetivo de la investigación se concentró en analizar la prevalencia de hemoparásitos en bovinos carne en la comunidad del Cocha del Betano, Parroquia Jambelí, Cantón Lago Agrío, Provincia de ...Sucumbíos, Ecuador. En base al análisis de laboratorio, por frotis sanguíneo por tinción de Giemsa, la finca Ebrón tuvo la mayor incidencia del 23.73%, la finca Betty tuvo una menor incidencia parasitaria del 1.69%, referente a las edades la mayor incidencia corresponde a los animales de 12 a 24 meses y la menor incidencia en animales mayores a 24 meses. Referente al sexo los machos fueron los más afectados con un 52,54% y las hembras con 47,46%, la prevalencia de la raza mestiza fue del 71,19%, seguido de la raza Brahmán con un 28,81%. Todas las fincas ganaderas investigadas, no llevan registros sanitarios, ni la respectiva identificación de los bovinos por lo que se dificultó la toma de datos.
In Ecuador, a government institution is responsible for applying regulations for official animal control of rabies and reducing to non-dangerous levels. However, in Orellana, no documented ...bibliography serves as a resource to assess risk. An observational study was carried out of the bovine rabies outbreaks occurrences from 2012 to 2018 period. With the SAS statistical package were obtained; descriptive statistics as well as interquartile values of the cases presented for then build an endemic channel and shows accumulated prevalence rate for each year. We resulted indicated that was presented a total of 44 cases to rabies during all period study. Finally, we can tell the frequency of the disease did not show marked seasonality due to climatic factors.
A study was conducted at the Escuela Superior Politècnica de Chimborazo, Ecuador, to evaluate the influence of litter size of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) on their development and to establish the ...economic profitability of the production system. Forty-eight animals were used, distributed into litters of two, three, and four rodents per litter, with a balanced diet and green fresh alfalfa for the weaning, growth, and fattening stage, the rodents and litters were randomly selected, applying the statistical model completely randomly and evaluating different variables across 120 days. The litters of three guinea pigs obtained the best productive responses and economic profitability. With respect to sex, the males presented better productive behavior, greater economic increase, and less cost, evidencing that mixed feeding influences the number of guinea pigs per birth in terms of growth and development. The results serve to improve guinea pig meat production for the rural population.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
El estudio se realizó para determinar el efecto aditivo de dos complejos enzimáticos (fitasa y celulasa) en la alimentación de pollos broiler y su influencia en la ganancia de peso a los 45 días. Se ... utilizaron todos los parámetros para la crianza y engorde de pollos, llevándose a cabo con 400 pollos broiler mixtos de un día de nacidos. Los resultados más relevantes fueron que al suministrar Fitasa en la etapa inicial a razón de 200gr/Ton, alcanzaron un mayor peso los animales en el estudio del tratamiento T2 con (719,8 gr), en la etapa de crecimiento la utilización de fitasa a razón de 200gr/Ton de alimento arrojó mejores respuestas en ganancia de peso (2410gr). Utilizando fitasa a razón de 200gr/Tm de alimento el factor de conversión alimenticia evidenció solo diferencias numéricas, en cuanto a la aplicación de Fitasa junto a Celulasa, no existen diferencias significativas en la dieta alimenticia.
Climate change has increased the interannual and seasonal variation in the average temperature and precipitation rate, which determine forage availability globally. Similar patterns of change have ...occurred in tropical regions, and Ecuador is no exception. This region includes other influencing factors, such as the conversion of tropical forests to extensive pastures. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate guinea grass (Panicum maximum) cultivated under silvopastoral systems with different management strategies in both of the seasons of the study region in Ecuador (rainy season and dry season). A randomized complete block design was used for the experiment, with three repetitions and three treatments. Agronomic measures, forage production, chemical composition, animal responses, and soil properties were evaluated. Data were analyzed with the Mixed model of SAS. Differences in all evaluated parameters were observed between treatments, and silvopastoral systems (SPSs) produced better results than conventional grass monoculture. Furthermore, there was a strong seasonal effect on forage production, chemical composition, and soil properties. Therefore, management of Panicum maximum with well-planned grazing can enhance animal responses and help to retain natural resources, lowering the pressure on forests.
The rapid expansion of the agricultural frontier as a consequence of deforestation and anthropogenic changes worldwide is a matter of concern for the international scientific community. In addition, ...in the fight against climate change due to livestock farming, one of the main strategies for mitigating greenhouse gases is the use of sustainable alternatives if products with a high carbon footprint are used, while revaluing local resources. In the case of northern Ecuador, in spite of the limited soil fertility gradient, dairy and/or dual-purpose cattle raising represents one of the strongest links in the family economy. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate production alternatives that allow us to conserve natural resources given the fragility of these megadiverse ecosystems. This book shows that the use of conventional livestock systems degrades natural resources with significant losses in productivity, as well as low economic returns. Consequently, the implementation of silvopastoral systems as an easy-to-install technological alternative is undoubtedly the way to achieve more efficient and environmentally friendly livestock systems, while diversifying the economic income of the population.
La rápida expansión de la frontera agrícola como consecuencia desmesurada de la deforestación y cambios antropogénicos a nivel mundial, es un tema de preocupación por la comunidad científica ...internacional. Además, frente a una lucha contra el cambio climático por efecto de la ganadería, una de las principales estrategias para la mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero, lo constituyen alternativas sostenibles si uso de productos con alta huella de carbono, revalorizando, además, los recursos locales. En el caso de la zona norte de Ecuador, a pesar de los limitados atributos respecto a gradiente de fertilidad de los suelos, la cría de ganado ya sea de leche y/o doble propósito representa uno de los eslabones más fuertes dentro de la economía de las familias. Por lo tanto, es menester investigar alternativas de producción que nos permitan conservar los recursos naturales dada la fragilidad de estos ecosistemas megadiversos. Mediante este libro se plasma que el uso de sistemas ganaderos convencionales, degradan los recursos naturales con mermas significativas de la productividad, así como bajo réditos económicos. En consecuencia, la implementación de sistemas silvopastoriles como alternativa tecnológica de fácil instalación, es sin duda el camino para alcanzar sistemas ganaderos más eficientes, amigables con el medio ambiente, diversificando además los ingresos económicos de la población.
The objective of the research was to establish preventive medicine for the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in pigs that arrive at the Francisco de Orellana Slaughter Center observed since ...January, February and March 2021. The results reflected a high prevalence of Ascariosis, and a low prevalence in Metastrongylosis, Stephanurosis and Hydatidosis with the exception of Cysticercosis with 14.09%; 2.35%; 1.88%; 1.09% and 0% respectively. The highest prevalence of Ascariosis occurs in the local community of Payamino with 19.04% and the lowest in Cóndor with 6.45%. The prevalence of Metastrongylosis is very low, but the one with the highest incidence is the October 6 community with 3.89% and the lowest in the Cóndor with 1.93%. The highest incidence of Hydatidosis is the Condor with 3.22%. The incidence for Stephanurosis is the community of San Luis with 11.90%.
El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer la medicina preventiva de la prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en el cerdo que llegan al Centro de Faenamiento de Francisco de Orellana observados desde enero, febrero y marzo del 2021. Los resultados reflejaron un alta prevalencia de Ascariosis, y una baja prevalencia en Metastrongilosis, Estefanurosis e Hidatidosis con excepción de Cisticercosis con el 14,09 %; 2,35%; 1,88%; 1,09% y 0% respectivamente. La mayor prevalencia de Ascariosis se presenta en la comunidad local de Payamino con el 19,04% y menor en el Cóndor con el 6,45%. La prevalencia por Metastrongilosis son muy bajas, pero el de mayor incidencia es la comunidad 6 de octubre con el 3,89 % y el más bajo en el Cóndor con el 1,93%. La mayor incidencia por Hidatidosis es el Cóndor con el 3,22%. La incidencia por Estefanurosis es la comunidad de San Luis con el 11,90%.
The objective of the research focused on analyzing the prevalence of haemoparsites in beef cattle in the Community of Cocha del Betano, Jambelí Parish, Canton Lake Agrío, Sucumbíos Province, ...Ecuador. Based on laboratory analysis, by blood smear by Giemsa staining, the Ebron farm had the highest incidence of 23.73%; the Betty farm had a lower parasitic incidence of 1.69%, relative to the ages the highest incidence corresponds to animals of 12 to 24 months and the lowest incidence in animals greater than 24 months. Regarding sex males were the most affected with 52.54% and females with 47.46%, the prevalence of the mixed race was 71.19%, followed by the Brahmin race with 28.81%. All livestock farms investigated do not keep health records, nor the respective identification of cattle making it difficult to take data.
Grazing management is a key element to optimize growth cycle of forages, which are enhanced in their chemical composition leading to the reception of greater nutritive values for feeding ruminants. ...Several studies have showed that the accuracy and precision of the feeding values are critical to achieve this goal, unfortunately, in Ecuador there are not referential data, despite of Megathyrsus maximus is the most forage used by livestock farmers. The predominant aim of the current study was to approach and estimate the feeding values by INRA feed evaluation system of Tanzania grass (Megathyrsus maximus) subjected at different grazing strategies. The statistical design was a randomized complete block, with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Where the treatments were combinations of three grazing frequencies (GF) (30 d; termed GF30, 45 d, GF45 and 60 d, GF60) and two cutting heights (CHs; 30 and 45 cm). The agronomic data did not vary by season effect (P = 0.24 to 0.82), but GF60 had higher plant heigh and dry matter (DM) contents (P < 0.001) than other GF, although with less tiller populations (241 vs. 304 tiller/m2). By CHs effect, Tanzania grass at 30 cm had a greater DM content than 45 cm of CHs (5565 vs. 4221 ± 603 kg/ha-1; P = 0.073). All chemical determinations were affected by GF, CHs and their interaction (P < 0.001 to 0.004) with the exception on ADF between CHs (P = 0.50). Whereas only the CP and ADF values were conditioned by season effect (P = 0.001 to 0.011). Subsequently, Tanzania grass subjected at moderate rest periods and low defoliation intensities showed greater energy and proteins values than traditionally used GF60. Based in these findings, the defoliation frequency had influence on agronomic and chemical characteristics, whilst the feeding values was mainly affected by grazing intensities and weather conditions. So, the best combination regarding nutritive values should be at GF30 and GF45 combined with 45 cm of CHs.
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