The present study aimed to know and analyze the repercussions and legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic for the Unified Health System from the perspective of health managers working in Manaus, a city ...considered the epicenter of the pandemic in Brazil. This qualitative research was designed as the study of a single incorporated case and conducted with 23 Health Care Network managers. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles (values and focused coding methods), with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. The categories we analyzed covered the lessons learned within the scope of the work process, change in stance, and human values, as well as the coping strategies adopted by individual or team initiatives or by the incorporation of innovations in practices. This study highlighted the importance of strengthening primary health care; of promoting team spirit in the service and establishing partnerships with public and private institutions, of being integrated with the training in complex situations, and of reflecting on human values and appreciation of life. Coping with the pandemic promoted an in-depth reflection about the functioning of the Unified Health System and the individual ways of being.
Abstract Objective: to describe the technical-assistance arrangements developed within the scope of work management in the COVID-19 pandemic care network, from the managers’ perspective. Method: a ...qualitative research study, of the incorporated single case type, conducted with 23 managers of a Health Care Network. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles, with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. Results: the arrangements were analyzed in categories related to health care; management; incorporation of technologies; implementation of a field hospital; and retrospective analysis of the experiences as a whole. There was emphasis on the implementation of care flows, virtual health bulletins, Telemonitoring, chatbots, use of applications, and implementation of field hospitals and of basic urgency services within the scope of the Basic Health Units. Hyperjudicialization in the system was identified; as well as weaknesses in information management, intersectoriality and technical-political leadership at the national level; the role of nurses in management positions and for coping with the pandemic. Conclusion: despite the health services’ unpreparedness to face the pandemic, the actors’ resilience promoted dynamism and technical-assistance arrangements in the context of management and humanized care. The study has a potential to contribute to the qualification of the public policy management and development practices.
Resumo Objetivo: descrever os arranjos tecnoassistenciais desenvolvidos no âmbito da gestão do trabalho na rede de atenção à pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo caso único incorporado, com 23 gestores de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Análise aplicada em dois ciclos de codificação temática, com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: os arranjos foram analisados em categorias vinculadas à: atenção à saúde; gestão; incorporação de tecnologias; implantação de hospital de campanha; e análise retrospectiva das experiências como um todo. Houve destaque para a implantação de fluxo de atendimentos, boletins de saúde virtuais, telemonitoramento, chatbots, uso de aplicativos, implantação de hospitais de campanha e da urgência básica no âmbito de Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Identificou-se a hiperjudicialização no sistema; fragilidades na gestão das informações, intersetorialidade e condução técnico-política em âmbito nacional; o protagonismo dos enfermeiros em cargos de gestão e para o enfrentamento da pandemia. Conclusão: apesar do despreparo dos serviços de saúde para o enfrentamento da pandemia, a resiliência dos atores promoveu dinamicidade e arranjos tecnoassistenciais no âmbito da gestão e do cuidado humanizado. O estudo tem potencial contribuição para qualificação das práticas de gestão e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.
Resumen Objetivo: describir los preparativos tecnoasistenciales que se desarrollaron en el ámbito de la gestión del trabajo en la red de atención de la pandemia de COVID-19, desde la perspectiva de los gestores. Método: investigación cualitativa, del tipo caso único incorporado, con 23 gestores de una Red de Atención de Salud. Análisis aplicado en dos ciclos de codificación temática, con ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: los preparativos fueron analizados en categorías relacionadas con: la atención de la salud; la administración; la incorporación de tecnologías; la implementación de un hospital de campaña; y el análisis retrospectivo de las experiencias en general. Se destacaron la implementación del flujo de atención, los boletines virtuales de salud, el telemonitoreo, los chatbots, el uso de aplicaciones, la implementación de hospitales de campaña y emergencias básicas en el ámbito de las Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se identificaron la hiperjudicialización en el sistema; las debilidades en la gestión de la información, la intersectorialidad y conducción técnico-política a nivel nacional; el protagonismo de los enfermeros en cargos de gestión y para hacer frente a la pandemia. Conclusión: a pesar de la falta de preparación de los servicios de salud para enfrentar la pandemia, la resiliencia de los actores promovió el dinamismo y los preparativos tecnoasistenciales en el ámbito de la gestión y de la atención humanizada. El estudio tiene una contribución potencial para la calificación de las prácticas de gestión y el desarrollo de políticas públicas.
Dengue virus type 3, Brazil, 2002 Nogueira, Rita Maria Ribeiro; Schatzmayr, Hermann Gonçalves; de Filippis, Ana Maria Bispo ...
Emerging infectious diseases,
09/2005, Letnik:
11, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
During the summer of 2002, Rio de Janeiro had a large epidemic of dengue fever; 288,245 cases were reported. A subset of 1,831 dengue hemorrhagic fever cases occurred. In this study, performed in the ...first half of 2002, samples from 1,559 patients with suspected cases of dengue infection were analyzed. From this total, 1,497 were obtained from patients with nonfatal cases, and 62 were obtained from patients with fatal cases. By the use of different methods, 831 (53.3%) cases, including 40 fatal cases, were confirmed as dengue infection. When virus identification was successful, dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) was obtained in 99% of cases. Neurologic involvement was shown in 1 patient with encephalitis, confirmed by the detection of DENV-3 RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. This explosive epidemic of DENV-3 was the most severe dengue epidemic reported in Brazil since dengue viruses were introduced in 1986.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The emergence of a pandemic highlights the translational demands regarding science. This communication aims to propose theoretical-methodological elements for research on health work in pandemic ...context.
This reflective essay sets an framework for a research project on health work in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Three axes or subsidies are presented: the construction of work environments as an analytical component, the approach of ergology as a potential and the centrality of the experiences of the worker-subject.
New health care challenges require attention to what workers have to say about their forms of confrontation and translation of knowledge.
Norovirus (NoV) is one of the most important aetiological agents of acute gastroenteritis both in developed and developing countries. NoV is shed in high concentrations by infected persons and ...contaminates recreational and drinking water through sewage discharge into the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, genotypes and removal ratio of NoV by PCR, seminested-PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays in a sewage treatment plant in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, during one year of surveillance. NoV was detected in 7 (15%), 14 (29%) and 28 (58%) samples using PCR, seminested-PCR and qPCR, respectively. The mean removal ratio for the activated sludge process was 0.6 log10 for NoV genogroup I (GI) and 0.32 log10 for NoV genogroup II (GII). The peak NoV concentration was detected in the coldest months, with 53,300 genomic copies/litre. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that five strains clustered with GI strains and six with GII strains. This study demonstrates that NoV spreads into the environment despite the sewage treatment process and remains a source of waterborne outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis.
Polyomavirus JC (JCPyV) is largely excreted by the human population through the urinary route and has been recognized as a potential viral marker for human waste contamination. This study aims to ...investigate the dissemination of JCPyV in waste water from a sewage treatment plant (STP) located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to describe the prevalence of JCPyV subtypes currently present in this population. Raw and treated sewage samples were collected bimonthly during one year, and examined for the presence of JCPyV using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). JCPyV was detected by nPCR in 96% and 43% of raw and treated sewage samples, respectively. The concentration of JCPyV present in the samples ranged from 1.2x10(3) to 3.2x10(5) and 2.6x10(2) to 6.2x10(3) genome copies per 2 ml of concentrated raw and treated sewage sample, respectively. The strains were characterized and the obtained nucleotide sequences indicated that the detected JCPyV strains clustered with subtypes of East African, West African and European origin. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the incidence and diversity of JCPyV strains in raw and treated sewage in Brazil.
Resumo Objetivo: descrever os arranjos tecnoassistenciais desenvolvidos no âmbito da gestão do trabalho na rede de atenção à pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores. Método: pesquisa ...qualitativa, do tipo caso único incorporado, com 23 gestores de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Análise aplicada em dois ciclos de codificação temática, com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: os arranjos foram analisados em categorias vinculadas à: atenção à saúde; gestão; incorporação de tecnologias; implantação de hospital de campanha; e análise retrospectiva das experiências como um todo. Houve destaque para a implantação de fluxo de atendimentos, boletins de saúde virtuais, telemonitoramento, chatbots, uso de aplicativos, implantação de hospitais de campanha e da urgência básica no âmbito de Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Identificou-se a hiperjudicialização no sistema; fragilidades na gestão das informações, intersetorialidade e condução técnico-política em âmbito nacional; o protagonismo dos enfermeiros em cargos de gestão e para o enfrentamento da pandemia. Conclusão: apesar do despreparo dos serviços de saúde para o enfrentamento da pandemia, a resiliência dos atores promoveu dinamicidade e arranjos tecnoassistenciais no âmbito da gestão e do cuidado humanizado. O estudo tem potencial contribuição para qualificação das práticas de gestão e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.
Resumen Objetivo: describir los preparativos tecnoasistenciales que se desarrollaron en el ámbito de la gestión del trabajo en la red de atención de la pandemia de COVID-19, desde la perspectiva de los gestores. Método: investigación cualitativa, del tipo caso único incorporado, con 23 gestores de una Red de Atención de Salud. Análisis aplicado en dos ciclos de codificación temática, con ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: los preparativos fueron analizados en categorías relacionadas con: la atención de la salud; la administración; la incorporación de tecnologías; la implementación de un hospital de campaña; y el análisis retrospectivo de las experiencias en general. Se destacaron la implementación del flujo de atención, los boletines virtuales de salud, el telemonitoreo, los chatbots, el uso de aplicaciones, la implementación de hospitales de campaña y emergencias básicas en el ámbito de las Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se identificaron la hiperjudicialización en el sistema; las debilidades en la gestión de la información, la intersectorialidad y conducción técnico-política a nivel nacional; el protagonismo de los enfermeros en cargos de gestión y para hacer frente a la pandemia. Conclusión: a pesar de la falta de preparación de los servicios de salud para enfrentar la pandemia, la resiliencia de los actores promovió el dinamismo y los preparativos tecnoasistenciales en el ámbito de la gestión y de la atención humanizada. El estudio tiene una contribución potencial para la calificación de las prácticas de gestión y el desarrollo de políticas públicas.
Abstract Objective: to describe the technical-assistance arrangements developed within the scope of work management in the COVID-19 pandemic care network, from the managers’ perspective. Method: a qualitative research study, of the incorporated single case type, conducted with 23 managers of a Health Care Network. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles, with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. Results: the arrangements were analyzed in categories related to health care; management; incorporation of technologies; implementation of a field hospital; and retrospective analysis of the experiences as a whole. There was emphasis on the implementation of care flows, virtual health bulletins, Telemonitoring, chatbots, use of applications, and implementation of field hospitals and of basic urgency services within the scope of the Basic Health Units. Hyperjudicialization in the system was identified; as well as weaknesses in information management, intersectoriality and technical-political leadership at the national level; the role of nurses in management positions and for coping with the pandemic. Conclusion: despite the health services’ unpreparedness to face the pandemic, the actors’ resilience promoted dynamism and technical-assistance arrangements in the context of management and humanized care. The study has a potential to contribute to the qualification of the public policy management and development practices.
Resumen Objetivo: describir los preparativos tecnoasistenciales que se desarrollaron en el ámbito de la gestión del trabajo en la red de atención de la pandemia de COVID-19, desde la perspectiva de ...los gestores. Método: investigación cualitativa, del tipo caso único incorporado, con 23 gestores de una Red de Atención de Salud. Análisis aplicado en dos ciclos de codificación temática, con ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: los preparativos fueron analizados en categorías relacionadas con: la atención de la salud; la administración; la incorporación de tecnologías; la implementación de un hospital de campaña; y el análisis retrospectivo de las experiencias en general. Se destacaron la implementación del flujo de atención, los boletines virtuales de salud, el telemonitoreo, los chatbots, el uso de aplicaciones, la implementación de hospitales de campaña y emergencias básicas en el ámbito de las Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se identificaron la hiperjudicialización en el sistema; las debilidades en la gestión de la información, la intersectorialidad y conducción técnico-política a nivel nacional; el protagonismo de los enfermeros en cargos de gestión y para hacer frente a la pandemia. Conclusión: a pesar de la falta de preparación de los servicios de salud para enfrentar la pandemia, la resiliencia de los actores promovió el dinamismo y los preparativos tecnoasistenciales en el ámbito de la gestión y de la atención humanizada. El estudio tiene una contribución potencial para la calificación de las prácticas de gestión y el desarrollo de políticas públicas.
Resumo Objetivo: descrever os arranjos tecnoassistenciais desenvolvidos no âmbito da gestão do trabalho na rede de atenção à pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo caso único incorporado, com 23 gestores de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Análise aplicada em dois ciclos de codificação temática, com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: os arranjos foram analisados em categorias vinculadas à: atenção à saúde; gestão; incorporação de tecnologias; implantação de hospital de campanha; e análise retrospectiva das experiências como um todo. Houve destaque para a implantação de fluxo de atendimentos, boletins de saúde virtuais, telemonitoramento, chatbots, uso de aplicativos, implantação de hospitais de campanha e da urgência básica no âmbito de Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Identificou-se a hiperjudicialização no sistema; fragilidades na gestão das informações, intersetorialidade e condução técnico-política em âmbito nacional; o protagonismo dos enfermeiros em cargos de gestão e para o enfrentamento da pandemia. Conclusão: apesar do despreparo dos serviços de saúde para o enfrentamento da pandemia, a resiliência dos atores promoveu dinamicidade e arranjos tecnoassistenciais no âmbito da gestão e do cuidado humanizado. O estudo tem potencial contribuição para qualificação das práticas de gestão e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.
Abstract Objective: to describe the technical-assistance arrangements developed within the scope of work management in the COVID-19 pandemic care network, from the managers’ perspective. Method: a qualitative research study, of the incorporated single case type, conducted with 23 managers of a Health Care Network. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles, with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. Results: the arrangements were analyzed in categories related to health care; management; incorporation of technologies; implementation of a field hospital; and retrospective analysis of the experiences as a whole. There was emphasis on the implementation of care flows, virtual health bulletins, Telemonitoring, chatbots, use of applications, and implementation of field hospitals and of basic urgency services within the scope of the Basic Health Units. Hyperjudicialization in the system was identified; as well as weaknesses in information management, intersectoriality and technical-political leadership at the national level; the role of nurses in management positions and for coping with the pandemic. Conclusion: despite the health services’ unpreparedness to face the pandemic, the actors’ resilience promoted dynamism and technical-assistance arrangements in the context of management and humanized care. The study has a potential to contribute to the qualification of the public policy management and development practices.
The aim of this study was to determine the occurrences of the group A rotavirus (RVA), norovirus (NoV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) in the surface waters of an urban lagoon (Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon) ...in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During one year of surveillance, water samples were obtained from the lagoon and other interconnected ecosystems (river and beach). The samples were concentrated using an adsorption-elution method with a negatively charged membrane and tested by qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. RVA was the most prevalent virus detected (24.3%) with a viral load ranging from 3.0 x 10¹-5.6 x 10(4) genome copies/L, followed by NoV (18.8%) and HAdV (16.7%). Considering water samples suitable for bathing, according to Escherichia coli criterion (< 2,000 most probable number/100 mL), viruses were detected in 50% (57/114) of them. Physicochemical parameters were also measured and showed possible correlations between turbidity and RVA presence and between pH and NoV presence. These data demonstrate the importance of considering viral parameters to ensure water quality and the utilisation of these parameters as additional tools for the characterisation of environmental contamination.
The preservation of water resources is one of the goals of the designation of parks that act as natural reservoirs. In order to assess the impact of the presence of humans in an environmental ...preservation area bordering urban areas, the presence of four pathogenic enteric viruses group A rotavirus (RV-A), norovirus (NoV), human adenoviruses (HAdV), and hepatitis A virus (HAV), as well as the physico-chemical parameters, and
Escherichia coli
levels were assessed in riverine water samples. From June 2008 to May 2009, monthly monitoring was performed along the Engenho Novo River. RV-A, NoV, and HAdV were observed in 29 % (31/108) of the water samples, with concentrations of up to 10
3
genome copies/liter. The natural occurrence of infectious HAdV was demonstrated by Integrated Cell Culture-PCR (ICC-PCR). This study confirms the suitability of using the detection of fecal-oral transmitted viruses as a marker of human fecal contamination in water matrices and indicates the spread of pathogenic viruses occurring in an alleged area of environmental protection.
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