Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a widely studied lncRNA in cancer. Although dispensable for normal physiology, MALAT1 is important for cancer-related pathways ...regulation. It is localized in the nuclear speckles periphery along with centrally located pre-RNA splicing factors. MALAT1 associated cancer signaling pathways include MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, β-catenin/Wnt, Hippo, VEGF, YAP, etc. Molecular tools such as immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, reporter assay, Northern blotting, microarray, and q-RT-PCR has been used to elucidate MALAT1's function in cancer pathogenesis. MALAT1 can regulate multiple steps in the development of tumours. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of MALAT1 has been demonstrated in cancers of the breast, cervix, colorectum, gallbladder, lung, ovary, pancreas, prostate, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and multiple myeloma. MALAT1 has also emerged as a novel therapeutic target for solid as well as hematological malignancies. In experimental models, siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) based strategy has been used for targeting MALAT1. The lncRNA has also been targeted for the chemosensitization and radiosensitization of cancer cells. However, most studies have been performed in preclinical models. How the cross-talk of MALAT1 with other signaling pathways affect cancer pathogenesis is the focus of this article. The diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of MALAT1 in multiple cancer types are discussed.
•MALAT1 is dysregulated in multiple cancer types.•MALAT1 cross-talk with cancer-related pathways.•MALAT1 possess potential in the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple cancer types.•MALAT1 could be targeted for the chemosensitization and radiosensitization of cancer cells.
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a lethal disease with surgical resection as the only curative treatment. However, many patients are ineligible for surgery, and current adjuvant treatments exhibit limited ...effectiveness. Next-generation sequencing has improved our understanding of molecular pathways in cancer, sparking interest in microRNA-based gene regulation. The aim of the study is to identify dysregulated miRNAs in GBC and investigate their potential as therapeutic tools for effective and targeted treatment strategies. GBC and control tissue samples were sequenced for miRNA expression using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Biological processes and related pathways were determined using the Panther and Gene Ontology databases. 439 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified; 19 of them were upregulated and 29 were downregulated. Key enriched biological processes included immune cell apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) overload response, and negative regulation of the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway. Panther analysis revealed the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) cascade, p38 MAPK pathway, p53 pathway, and FAS (a subgroup of the tumor necrosis factor receptor) signaling pathway as highly enriched among dysregulated miRNAs. Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS), AR, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) pathways were identified among the key pathways potentially amenable to targeted therapy. We concluded that a combination approach involving miRNA-based interventions could enhance therapeutic outcomes. Our research emphasizes the importance of precision medicine, targeting pathways using sense and anti-sense miRNAs as potential therapies in GBC.
Death with dignity: Plausible truth Gupta, Sweety; Kusum, K; Gupta, Amit
Cancer research, statistics, and treatment (Online),
01/2023, Letnik:
6, Številka:
1
Journal Article
In the last three decades, the banking sector has seen a profound transformation owing to the changes in the global financial environment. The major change witnessed in the banking sector has been ...great advances in financial innovations and technologies, which are a result of turmoil in the global financial environment. The improvement in financial innovations and technologies has made E-banking an intense part of the banking sector. E-banking has revolutionized the lives of all individuals of present times and is considered to be a wave of information revolution after the agricultural and industrial revolution. Earlier banking customers were required to personally visit a bank branch in order to transact through their saving accounts but with the arrival of Internet banking the manner in which financial transactions are carried out have changed. Although E-banking has been popular among computer literates for many years, its popularity is growing exponentially as Internet usage grows and people discover the numerous benefits that are provided by online banking. In today’s increasingly integrated financial systems facing higher volatilities, more competition and higher time constraints, E-banking has become an integral part of the global financial environment in order to meet different requirements of customers of banking sector, thereby meeting the increased expectations of the participants in Indian banking system. This study makes an attempt to analyse the impact of E-banking and information technology on the employees of banking sector.
Introduction: Cancer impacts not only people living with cancer but also their caregivers. In hospital, caregivers always have pressure on them and their personal and private lives are disrupted ...during the caring process. Aim: To identify the various factors affecting the Quality Of Life (QOL) among caregivers of cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This quantitative study with an exploratory research design was conducted in oncology Outpatient Department (OPD) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India, from November 2019 to February 2020. A total of 256 caregivers of cancer patients, who were visiting various oncology units were included. Data regarding caregiver’s sample characteristics, clinical variables and caregiver’s Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL) were collected. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Fisher-exact tests were used to study variables. Results: Majority, 94 (37%) belonged to 41-50 years age group, 143 (56%) were females, and 142 (56%) lived in rural areas. Patients’ diagnoses were breast cancer in 94 (37%), Stage-III in 133 (52%), symptoms lasting more than 6-12 months in 103 (40%), and were partial dependent in 172 (67%). A total of 123 (48%) of caregivers scored less in the CarGOQoL questionnaire, so about half of the caregivers had a poor QOL. Caregiver coping (43%) and the private life domain were enormously affected in 193 (37%). Significant relationships with caregivers’ QOL were seen for variables like female gender (p-value=0.037), educational level of patients (p-value=0.018), caregivers with co-morbidities (p-value=0.05), and the number of earning members in the family (p-value=0.022). Conclusion: Care burden always has an impact on the caregiver’s overall QOL. It mainly affected their psychological well-being, burdens, and private lives. Therefore, comprehensive attention should be given to patients as well as caregivers.
Kusum K. Rohilla
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a comprehensive palliative care bundle "PALLICR" for advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients.
The present study was an ...exploratory study with instrument validation design which was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India. A total of 25 advance cancer patients were selected using the purposive sampling technique.
The newly developed PALLICR bundle consists of six items under three subfactors, that is, functional recovery, resilience, and quality of life. The final version of bundle with six items of PALLICR bundle was validated and showed a good fit to provide palliative care to advanced GBC patients. Standardized scales, that is, palliative care outcome scale, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality-of-life scale for patients and caregiver strain index for caregivers were used for evaluation of PALLICR bundle effectiveness.
PALLICR bundle is valid and reliable methods to provide palliative care to advanced GBC patients.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic wreaked havoc on almost all aspects of life and has undeniably altered the landscape of the world forever. In the medical profession, everything from ...education to scheduling operations was affected. Educational events such as conferences, Continuing Medical Education (CME) and other events had to be converted into virtual conferences and meetings. However, now that the pandemic is slowly coming to an end and countries and borders have started to reopen, the question now remains- should we go back to our old ways or has this become the new normal? This review discusses the advantages and limitations of conducting virtual events and discusses future trends of holding such events in these uncertain times.
Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a rare entity most often associated with primary myelofibrosis, chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, chronic hemolytic states, such as thalassemia, sickle cell ...anemia and certain solid tumors. Various theories have been postulated as the mechanism for occurrence of EMH. Iron deposition and/or fatty infiltration along with increased density of liver and spleen may be observed on imaging. Also, organs may show diffuse involvement or mass like foci of hematopoiesis on imaging. Treatment includes transfusion, surgery, hydroxyurea and radiation. In this review we narrate the clinicopathological features, radiological imaging and treatment strategies of non hepatosplenic Extramedullary hematopoiesis.
•Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) can be challenging to diagnose on the basis of imaging findings alone.•Biopsy of the lesion differentiates from other common entities.•Present study highlights the clinicopathological features and management of EMH.•Studies of unusual locations of EMH have been narrated along with their management and outcome.
Abstract
Umbilical nodule metastasis is not a common presentation of carcinoma of unknown primary. It may be the presenting symptom of a primary malignancy or as metastatic site of previously ...diagnosed cancer and is considered to be a poor prognostic finding. We here report a case of young male who presented with umbilical mass, but the primary could not be localized even after thorough investigations and work up. Also, there existed therapeutic dilemma because immunohistochemistry did not favor one site, and so he was considered for combination chemotherapy in view of unresectable disease.
