Abstract
Disclosure: S. Kalinchenko: None. L. Vorslov: None. D. Gusakova: None. O. Samburskaya: None.
Hypoxic reduction of adrenal steroidogenesis - The Cause of Idiopathic Allergic Reactions
...Background: This thesis discusses the occurrence of idiopathic allergic reactions, with an established absence of allergy to any trigger by allergo-tests, with the sole presence of a history of decompensated chronic stress, which led to a stress-induced decrease in adrenal steroidogenesis called “adrenal fatigue” with decreased production of the main anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and stress hormone, cortisol. Materials and methods: The study included 10 patients aged 20 to 55 years, 8 women and 2 men, diagnosed with idiopathic allergic reactions (urticaria, toxidermia, erythema multiforme exudative, Quincke's edema). All patients were examined for steroid hormone levels using a steroid profile in saliva by mass spectrometry and performing allergy tests (to identify a possible allergen). Findings: From the anamnesis, all 10 patients had long-term chronic stress, which was already in the stage of decompensation, and according to the Beck depression scale, 8 patients showed mild (11-17 points) and medium (18-23 points) severity of depression in 2 patients. In the steroid profile of saliva in all 10 patients, a decrease below 07\ры the reference level of cortisol (700-2200 pg/ml) and cortisone (27400-39200 pg/ml) was found. After relief of acute symptoms by corticosteroids, all patients were prescribed infusion therapy with ascorbic acid at a dosage of 1,000 mg three times a week for three weeks to stimulate the adrenal glands. As a result, repeated analysis of the steroid profile of saliva showed an increase in the level of cortisol and cortisone within the reference values.Allergotests are negative for all known allergens. Interpretation: As is known, allergens play a primary role in the development of diseases such as urticaria, toxidermia, erythema multiforme, Quincke's edema. However, there are increasingly cases when it is not possible to establish the trigger that caused the development of an allergic reaction, and conducting allergy tests does not reveal the presence of allergen triggers in patients. However, these patients are united by a decrease in adrenal steroidogenesis against the background of decompensated chronic stress called “adrenal fatigue”, which manifests itself in a decrease in the level of cortisol and cortisone in the steroid profile of saliva below the reference values, which are the main anti-inflammatory, antiallergic hormones and hormones that are synthesized in response to stress, and with chronic stress, the reserves of these hormones are depleted, which provokes the development of inflammatory and allergic reactions in response to ordinary stimuli. Conclusion: Stimulation of the adrenal glands with reduced steroidogenesis is an opportunity to reduce the risk of inflammatory and allergic reactions in patients with decompensated chronic stress.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
Despite being a classical growth disorder, pituitary gigantism has not been studied previously in a standardized way. We performed a retrospective, multicenter, international study to characterize a ...large series of pituitary gigantism patients. We included 208 patients (163 males; 78.4%) with growth hormone excess and a current/previous abnormal growth velocity for age or final height >2 s.d. above country normal means. The median onset of rapid growth was 13 years and occurred significantly earlier in females than in males; pituitary adenomas were diagnosed earlier in females than males (15.8 vs 21.5 years respectively). Adenomas were ≥10 mm (i.e., macroadenomas) in 84%, of which extrasellar extension occurred in 77% and invasion in 54%. GH/IGF1 control was achieved in 39% during long-term follow-up. Final height was greater in younger onset patients, with larger tumors and higher GH levels. Later disease control was associated with a greater difference from mid-parental height (r=0.23, P=0.02). AIP mutations occurred in 29%; microduplication at Xq26.3 – X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) – occurred in two familial isolated pituitary adenoma kindreds and in ten sporadic patients. Tumor size was not different in X-LAG, AIP mutated and genetically negative patient groups. AIP-mutated and X-LAG patients were significantly younger at onset and diagnosis, but disease control was worse in genetically negative cases. Pituitary gigantism patients are characterized by male predominance and large tumors that are difficult to control. Treatment delay increases final height and symptom burden. AIP mutations and X-LAG explain many cases, but no genetic etiology is seen in >50% of cases.
•The mechanism of surface current based on interfacial Rashba spin-orbit interaction.•Spontaneous current at non-magnetic metal/ferromagnetic insulator interface.•Rotation of the direction of current ...induced by the rotation of the magnetization.
We theoretically investigate a new mechanism of interfacial current in a two-layer system consisting of a magnetic insulator and an adjacent non-magnetic metal. The mechanism is based on Rashba spin-orbit interaction in the metal layer near the interface where the magnetic insulator induces non-zero magnetization. The rotation of the magnetization of the magnetic insulator induces the alternating interfacial current in the non-magnetic metal. Coordinate and time dependencies of the current and induced magnetization in the non-magnetic layer are calculated using quasi-energy approach assuming ballistic conductivity in non-magnetic metal. It is found that the current displays sizable magnitude within the metal layer over a distance which significantly exceeds a region with non-zero spin-orbit interaction. Both the current and the spin density induced in the metal layer demonstrate oscillatory dependence as a function of the distance from the interface due to the interference of the incoming and reflected waves.
Controlling the magnetic order of antiferromagnets is challenging due to their vanishing netmagnetization. Forthis reason, the study of local spin textures in antiferromagnets is restricted by the ...difficulty in nucleating suchstates. Here, using atomistic simulations we demonstrate a method for nucleating localized spin textures in thegrains of the thin-film antiferromagnet γ -IrMn3. Utilizing the exchange bias coupling between a ferromagnet andan antiferromagnet, we set the spin texture in the latter from a predefined spin texture in the former by means ofa thermal cycling procedure. The local textures set in the antiferromagnetic grains are shown to be stable againstfield perturbations. We also discuss how various material parameters affect the efficiency of the setting and thecharacteristics of these set textures. The setting of antiferromagnetic spin textures provides a potential route toantiferromagnetic spintronic devices with noncollinear spin states such as skyrmions, bubbles, and domain walls.
We report a theoretical overview of the magnetic domain wall behavior under an electric current in infinitely long nanotubes with azimuthal magnetization, combining the one-dimensional analytic model ...and micromagnetic simulations. We highlight effects that, besides spin-transfer torques already largely understood in flat strips, arise specifically in the tubular geometry: the Œrsted field and curvature-induced magnetic anisotropy resulting both from the exchange interaction and material growth. Depending on both the geometry of the tube and the strength of the azimuthal anisotropy, Bloch or Néel walls arise at rest, resulting in two regimes of motion largely dominated by either spin-transfer torques or the Œrsted field. We determine the Walker breakdown current in all cases, and highlight the most suitable parameters to achieve high domain wall speed.
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