Pelvic Inflammatory diseases (PID) is one of the most pressing and debated issues of modern gynecology. A special place is devoted to the study of the microflora of female genital mutilation, where ...there are many unresolved issues. This review presented the modern data of domestic and foreign researches of microbiota of female genital mutilation in inflammatory diseases.
The laser system for the STAR time projection chamber Abele, J.; Berkovitz, J.; Boehm, J. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2003, Letnik:
499, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is the core tracking detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC. To determine spatial distortions, calibrate and monitor the TPC, a laser calibration system has been ...built. We developed a novel design to produce ∼500 thin laser beams simulating straight particle tracks in the TPC volume. The new approach is significantly simpler than the traditional ones, and provides a higher TPC coverage at a reduced cost. During RHIC 2000 and 2001 runs the laser system was used to monitor the TPC performance and measure drift velocity with ∼0.02% accuracy. Additional runs were recorded with and without magnetic field to check
E×B
corrections.
Properties of discharge in the narrow gap glass RPC Semak, A; Ammosov, V; Gapienko, V ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2000, Letnik:
456, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Properties of discharges in a 2 mm glass Resistive Plate Chamber were investigated using the light amplifier for optical pictures and the digital scope for waveforms of induced pick-up signals. ...Multiple discharges were observed for different tetrafluoroethane-based gas mixtures both in ‘avalanche’ and ‘streamer’ modes. Multiple discharges substantially increase the spatial size of the initial discharge caused by a through-going particle ionisation. Average spatial characteristics and typical optical pictures are presented. Space–time relationships for the streamer do not show any prominent dependence.
Development of test-system on the basis of immunochip for detection of IgG to Treponema pallidum.
Recombinant T. pallidum antigens Tp47, Tp17, Tp15, TmpA were separately immobilized on activated ...slides as individual spots. The specific antibodies to T. pallidum in human serum were detected by indirect immunofluorescent assay on the immunochip using antispecies antibodies to human IgG. Fluorescent scanner was used to read results of testing. For each antigen threshold level of fluorescent signal and positivity coefficient were calculated. Assessment of specificity and sensitivity of the immunochip was performed on 400 human serum samples containing or not-containing antibodies to T. pallidum.
From 200 positive serum samples 5 were interpreted as inconclusive because positive results on antigen Tp17 only were registered that was comparable with the results of immunoblotting. For each other 195 serum samples, positive result on 2 or more antigens was obtained. Specificity of the immunochip-based test-system was 100%.
Experimental immunochip-based test-system for differential serologic diagnostics of the syphilis was developed. Its sensitivity and specificity are comparable with that of ELISA-based test-system.
Laser calibration system for STAR TPC Alyushin, M.; Boehm, J.; Bercovitz, J. ...
1996 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record,
1996, Letnik:
1
Conference Proceeding
The big tracking detector Time Projection Chamber (TPC) being constructed for the STAR experiment at RHIC requires an accurate calibration system to provide precision in crack reconstruction. The ...calibration system under construction uses a novel design of small mirror bundles to create /spl sim/500 thin laser beams. These beams simulate straight charge particles tracks in the TPC volume. The new approach is significantly simpler than the traditional ones, and provides a higher TPC coverage at a reduced cost. Results of test measurements and the system design will be presented.
Bridge circuits with balancing sister elements Peredelsky, G.I.; Gushin, B.E.; Aleshin, V.M.
Application of the Conversion Research Results for International Cooperation. SIBCONVERS'99. Third International Symposium. Proceedings (Cat. No.99EX246),
1999, Letnik:
1
Conference Proceeding
The objective of this paper is twofold: (a) to review the current knowledge of cultural, psychological, psychiatric, cognitive, interpersonal, and organizational issues that are relevant to the ...behavior and performance of astronaut crews and ground support personnel and (b) to make recommendations for future human space missions, including both transit and planetary surface operations involving the Moon or Mars. The focus will be on long-duration missions lasting at least six weeks, when important psychological and interpersonal factors begin to take their toll on crewmembers. This information is designed to provide guidelines for astronaut selection and training, in-flight monitoring and support, and post-flight recovery and re-adaptation.
The paper presents the study of communicative behavior and psycho-emotional state in six subjects during SIRIUS-17, a 17-day confinement experiment that simulated the space flight factors effects. ...For the first time in Russian isolation experiments practice, a gender-balanced crew was studied. The methods included content analysis of the daily mandatory planning conferences between crew and mission control, and an assessment of reactive anxiety using the Spielberger’s method. Differences in crewmembers communicative behavior were revealed, according to gender, professional affiliation, and the detected anxiety level.
Based on our previous studies of astronauts and cosmonauts, we hypothesized that the patterning of mood states among International Space Station (ISS) crewmembers would vary by culture, regardless of ...the overall frequency of these states in each cultural group. Russian clinicians recognize a pattern of distress known as asthenia. According to the asthenia model, depression should covary with fatigue. According to the American model of psychological distress, depression and fatigue are two separate syndromes and therefore would be less likely to covary within individuals. Previously, we found support for this cultural difference in patterns of mood states in two data sets. Our team's new study of ISS personnel provided an opportunity to replicate these analyses again. Results show the predicted cultural differences for crewmembers during flight. These results are consistent with Russian space psychologists’ concept of asthenization, which is believed to be an early indicator of stress among cosmonauts during long-duration space missions. However, American astronauts manifest distress differently. It is important to use culturally appropriate assessment strategies in order to detect stress reactions accurately while they are still mild, because they have the potential to seriously disrupt future international space missions, such as a flight to Mars.
Russian Abstract
КУЛTУPAЛЬHЫE PAЗЛИХИЯ ПPOФИЛEЙ HACTPOEHИЙ HA БOPTУ MКC
Ha бaзe нaщиx пpeдыдyщиx иccлeдoвaний кocмoнaвтoв и acтpoнaвтoв, мы пpeдcтaвили гипoтнзy o тoм; чтo пpoфили нacтpoeний cpeди члeнoв экипaжa Meждyнapoднoй Кocмичecкoй Cтaнции (MКC) paзличны в paзныx кyльтypax, нecмoтpя нa aбcoлютнoe кoличecтвo этиx cocтoяний в кaждoй гpyппe. Poccийcкиe cпeциaлиcты coзнaют cиндpoм диcкoмфopтa нaзывaeмый
⪡
acтeния
⪢
. Cлeдyя мoдeли acтeнии, дeпpeccия дoлжнa кoppeлиpoвaть c ycтaлocтью. Cлeдyя aмepикaнcкoй мoдeли пcиxoлoгичecкoгo диcкoмфopтa, дeпpeccия и ycтaлocть–этo двa oтдeльныx cиндpoмa, и пoэтoмy oни мeнee вepoятнo cвязaны дpyг c дpyгoм cpeди индивидyyмoв. Пo итoгaм нaшиx двyx пpeдыдyщиx иccлeдoвaний мы нaшли пoдтвepждeниe тoгo, чтo cyщecтвyют этo кyльтypaльнoe paзличиe в пpoфиляx нacтpoeний. Hoвoe иccлeдoвaниe coтpyдникoв MКC, кoтopoe пpoвeлa нaшa кoмaндa, дaлo нaм вoзмoжнocть пoдтвepдить эти aнaлизы eщë paз. Peзyльтaты пoкaзывaют пpeдcкaзaнныe кyлтypaльныe paзличия cpeди члeнoв экипaжa в пoлëтe. Эти peзyльтaты coглacyютcя c кoнцeпциeй acтeнизaции poccийcкиx кocмичecкиx пcиxoлoгoв, кoтopaя пpeдcтaвляeтcя вaжным paнним индикaтopoм cтpecca в xoдe дoлгocpoчныx кocмичecкиx миccий. Ho aмepикaнцы пoкaзывaют диcкoмфopт пo-дpyгoмy. Mы дyмaeм, чтo вaжнo иcпoльзoвaть кyлтypaльнo-пoдxoдщиe oцeнивaющиe мeтoды, чтoбы тoчнo oбнapyживaть cтpeccoвыe peaкции, пoкa oни eщë cлaбы, пoтoмy, чтo oни имeют пoтeнциaл cepьëзнo нapyшaть мeждyнapoдныe кoзмичecкиe миccии, кaк нaпpимep, – пoлëт нa Mapc.
Asthenia--does it exist in space? Kanas, N.; Salnitskiy, V.; Gushin, V. ...
Psychosomatic medicine,
11/2001, Letnik:
63, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
OBJECTIVE: First popularized as neurasthenia in the late 1800s by American George Beard, asthenia has been viewed by Russian psychologists and flight surgeons as a major problem that affects ...cosmonauts participating in long-duration space missions. However, there is some controversy about whether this syndrome exists in space; this controversy is attributable in part to the fact that it is not recognized in the current American psychiatric diagnostic system. METHODS: To address this issue empirically, we retrospectively examined the data from our 4 1/2-year, NASA-funded study of crew member and mission control interactions during the Shuttle/Mir space program. Three of the authors identified eight items of stage 1 asthenia from one of our measures, the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Scores on these items from 13 Russian and American crew members were compared with scores derived from the opinions of six Russian space experts. RESULTS: Crew members' scores in space were significantly lower than the experts' scores on seven of the eight items, and they generally were in the "not at all" to "a little" range of the item scales. There were no differences in mean scores before and after launch or across the four quarters of the missions. There were no differences in response between Russian and American crew members. CONCLUSIONS: We could not demonstrate the presence of asthenia in space as operationally defined using the POMS. However, the POMS addresses only emotional and not physiological aspects of the syndrome, and the subject responses in our study generally were skewed toward the positive end of the scales. Further research on this syndrome needs to be done and should include physiological measures and measures that are specific to asthenia.
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