The Philippines experiences an average of 20 cyclones per year which cause flooding in many parts of the country and Zambales is one of them. In August 2013, Typhoon Labuyo hit the province that ...affected most of its municipalities and placing the town of Masinloc under the state of calamity due to occurrence of flood. Likewise, in September 2018, Typhoon Ompong hit the province of Zambales and brought heavy rains and floods to the municipalities of Sta. Cruz, Candelaria, Masinloc, and Palauig. Hence, this study was conducted to generate flood hazard maps in the northern municipalities of Zambales: Sta. Cruz, Candelaria, Masinloc, and Palauig using Geographic Information System through raster calculator. Weights of the factors considered in generating flood hazard susceptibility map, namely, elevation, slope, soil type, land classification, and distance from the river, were drawn from ten (10) experts and undergone Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Field validation was also conducted to test the accuracy of maps generated. Flood hazard susceptibility was categorized into four (4) namely high, moderate, low, and no susceptibility. Results showed 15% of the total land area of Sta. Cruz, 12% of Candelaria, 15% of Masinloc, and 19% of Palauig had high susceptibility to flooding. Barangays situated in these areas should be given priority in flood adaptation and mitigating programs.
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The prognosis of the disease is very negative, because the cancer will be usually metastasized by the time a ...patient manifests symptoms. Although combination therapy shows some promise, new drugs to treat the disease are needed. Given our interest in finding new therapies for pancreatic cancer, we sought to determine whether the known cytotoxic activity of the batzellines extended to pancreatic cancer cell lines. The batzellines are pyrroloiminoquinones alkaloids obtained from the deep-water Caribbean sponge Batzella sp (family Esperiopsidae, order Poecilosclerida). We show here that batzellines exhibit selective cytotoxicity towards the pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPC-1, Panc-1, BxPC-3, and MIA PaCa2 compared with the normal African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line Vero. The batzellines cause cytotoxicity by inducing cell cycle arrest that is mediated by their ability to intercalate into DNA and/or inhibit topoisomerase II activity. The cytotoxic abilities of isobatzellines A and C against pancreatic cancer cell lines, their low toxicity against normal cells, and their reported ability to be synthesized makes them interesting compounds with potential chemotherapeutic effects that may merit further research.
Biofortification is the process of developing a crop with bioavailable micronutrients in its edible parts. This has been done using nanofertilizers, since they can be used to feed plants in a gradual ...and controlled manner. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of ZnO NPs in different concentrations on the commercial and phytochemical quality of the basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) crop, as it is one of the most important aromatic plants used for chemical and pharmacological properties. Four concentrations of ZnO NPs (5, 10, 15 and 20 mg L-1) and a control treatment under a completely randomized design, were evaluated. The results show statistical differences in morphological parameters (leaf and stem fresh weight, height, number of leaves, leaf area and dry weight) with a slight tendency to increase on the treated basil plants mainly at concentration of 20 mg L-1. The highest chlorophyll content (5.54 µg g-1 FW) was obtained for the control treatment, whereas the lowest one (4.14 µg g-1 FW) was observed for the 20 mg L-1 treatment. However, carotenoid content in the leaves was markedly higher than the control, the control had the concentration of 0.84 µg g-1 FW, while the treatment with 20 mg L-1 ZnO NPs registered a value of 1.08 µg g-1 FW. The highest total phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant capacity and vitamin C content was obtained for 20 mg L-1 ZnO NPs. Finally, basil plants treated with ZnO NPs could stimulate enzymatic activity, as demonstrated in this study. Detailed studies are suggested to understand the mechanism of action of nanoscale materials.
Objectives New anti-mycobacterial entities with novel mechanisms of action are clinically needed for treating resistant forms of tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ...anti-tubercular activity and selectivity of seven recently isolated natural products from Colombian plants. Methods MICs were determined using a liquid medium growth inhibition assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and both solid and liquid media growth inhibition assays for Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Escherichia coli growth inhibition and mammalian macrophage cell toxicity were evaluated to establish the degree of selectivity of the natural product against whole cell organisms. Enzymatic inhibition of ATP-dependent MurE ligase from M. tuberculosis was assayed using a colorimetric phosphate detection method. The most active compound, 3-methoxynordomesticine hydrochloride, was further investigated on M. bovis BCG for its inhibition of sigmoidal growth, acid-fast staining and viability counting analysis. Results Aporphine alkaloids were found to be potent inhibitors of slow-growing mycobacterial pathogens showing favourable selectivity and cytotoxicity. In terms of their endogenous action, the aporphine alkaloids were found inhibitory to M. tuberculosis ATP-dependent MurE ligase at micromolar concentrations. A significantly low MIC was detected for 3-methoxynordomesticine hydrochloride against both M. bovis BCG and M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Conclusions Considering all the data, 3-methoxynordomesticine hydrochloride was found to be a potent anti-tubercular compound with a favourable specificity profile. The alkaloid showed MurE inhibition and is considered an initial hit for exploring related chemical space.
BACKGROUND: The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone changes that have improved the prognosis of patients. With the advent of immunotherapy, it has been possible to prolong ...significantly the overall and progression-free survival as well as quality of life. Nevertheless, its use represents clinical challenges which may turn into adverse events, such as progression and pseudo-progression, which are uncontrolled and often deleterious immune responses that simulate tumoral progression, generate worsening of symptoms and performance status of patients and even may lead to non-cancer related death of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed 128 records (clinical trials, reports, meta-analyses) in order to provide an updated review of the treatment of NSCLC, current definitions proposed for pseudo and hyperprogression (which are not homogeneous so far), incidence, theories about their physiopathogenesis, importance of making a judicious diagnostic workup, imaging criteria as well as biochemical markers in order to predict their appearance, concluding with a brief discussion about the topic addressed. CONCLUSIONS: Since there is no definition or standardized diagnostic and imaging criteria, these entities are a topic of major interest in the area of oncologic immunotherapy, for which the following review has been generated.
Successful osseointegration of endosteal dental implants has been attributed to implant design, including the macro-, micro- and nano- geometric properties. Based on current literature pertaining to ...implant design, the resultant cellular and bone healing response is unknown when the thread thickness of the implants is increased, resulting in an increased contact area in implants designed with healing chambers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two implant designs with different thread profiles on the osseointegration parameters and implant stability at 3- and 6-weeks in vivo using a well-established preclinical dog model.
A total of 48 type V Ti alloy implants were divided in two groups according to their thread design (D1= +0.1x/mm and D2= +0.15x/mm) and placed in an interpolated fashion into the radii of six beagles. Insertion torque was measured at time of placement, radii were extracted for histological processing following 3- and 6-week healing intervals. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were performed in terms of bone to implant contact (%BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy within implant threads (%BAFO). Statistical analyses were performed through a linear mixed model with fixed factors of time and implant thread design.
Surface roughness analysis demonstrated no significant differences in Sa and Sq between D1 and D2 implant designs, which confirmed that both implant designs were homogenous except for their respective thread profiles. For insertion torque, statistically significant lower values were recorded for D1 in comparison to D2 (59.6 ± 11.1 and 78.9 ± 10.1 N⋅cm, respectively). Furthermore, there were no significant differences with respect to histological analysis and histomorphometric parameters, between D1 and D2 at both time points.
Both thread profiles presented equivalent potential to successfully osseointegrate in the osteotomies, with D2 yielding higher mechanical retention upon placement without detrimental bone resorption.
Display omitted
Novel complexes consisting of Eudragit E100-risedronate are presented. The oral bioavailability of risedronate in rats was determined through its percentage excreted in urine after ...administration of complexed or free risedronate in fed and fasted conditions. The evaluation of the risedronate gastro-duodenal irritation potential was carried out by macroscopic and histological analyses in an experimental rat model. The degree of counterionic condensation between Eudragit E100 and risedronate was assessed by dialysis with, mechanistic information about the interaction with calcium and the release of risedronate from the complexes being obtained using physiological solution and simulated gastric fluid without pepsin. Non-significant differences were observed in the urinary excretion of risedronate when the complex or free risedronate was administered to fasted rats. However, the urinary excretion of risedronate in the complex group was 4-times higher than in the free risedronate group when animals were concomitantly administered with food. This behavior was related to the high degree of counterionic condensation in the complex (86.5%), which led to a reduction in the calcium induced rate and magnitude of risedronate precipitation and resulted in a decrease in the gastroduodenal damage from the complex, as evidenced by a lower frequency of gastric mucosae hemorrhage. A sustained release of risedronate from the complex was observed toward water, simulated gastric fluid or physiological solution, through an ionic-exchange mechanism. In conclusion, complexation with Eudragit E100 could be a useful strategy to overcome the unfavorable properties of risedronate.
Background: Penicillin is no longer the most commonly prescribed β‐lactam, and the pattern of reactions has changed. We studied the diagnostic value of skin testing in penicillin‐allergic subjects ...from a population where benzylpenicillin is not now the most frequently used β‐lactam.
Methods: Patients with a history of immediate allergic reactions to penicillins were studied with: skin tests with major and minor determinants of benzylpenicillin (BPO/MDM), amoxicillin, and ampicillin; in vitro determination of specific IgE; and controlled administration for those with a positive history but negative skin and in vitro tests. A reaction was considered immediate when symptoms appeared within a maximum of 1 h after drug intake.
Results: After testing, 290 patients (71% having anaphylaxis and 29% having urticaria) proved to be allergic. Amoxicillin was involved in 64.8% and benzylpenicillin in 2.8% of the patients. Skin test positivity to at least one determinant appeared in 70% of cases, amoxicillin being the most frequent. The overall sensitivity decreased markedly when only BPO and MDM were considered. In 13.1% of patients, the diagnosis was established by in vitro test and in 16.9% by controlled administration. Of the 290 patients, 42.1% were positive to determinants generated from benzylpenicillin and 57.9% were selective responders.
Conclusions: Sensitivity of skin tests to BPO was lower than reported, being partly replaced by minor determinants, mostly amoxicillin. The incorporation of additional reagents and the development of new tests are required, and these will probably change as the patterns of consumption vary.
The Philippines is surrounded by hundreds of kilometers of shorelines wherein communities are increasing and coastal development is emerging fast. Masinloc, Zambales is a coastal municipality wherein ...11 out of 13 barangays are situated near the coast which are always affected by climate-induced hazards. The objectives of this study were to assess and validate the climate-induced hazards occurring in Masinloc and assessed the vulnerability of the coastal municipality to these various hazards. Detailed profiling was done to identify hazards of the study area. Vulnerability maps were generated and results revealed that flooding, storm surge and landslide were the most prominent hazards in the area. Results of the vulnerability assessment revealed that Masinloc was moderately vulnerable to storm surge and flooding due to low exposure and sensitivity to flooding and storm surge while its adaptive capacity was very high. Majority of settlements, agricultural lands and population are affected by these hazards. Priority programs to reduce the sensitivity and exposure to storm surge and flooding should be carried out.
Presencia del cuerpo Guzmán, Adriana
Alteridades (Ixtapalapa, Mexico : 1991),
9/2023, Letnik:
33, Številka:
66
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The epistemological turn that began in the mid-twentieth century has promoted studies on presence that have been understood in various ways, one of which is the presence of the body in cognitive ...processes. Without pretending to exhaust the subject or suppose that it is the only possibility to approach it, the objective of this text is to reflect on it from the work of Jean Chateau, seen in the light of the contributions of Mark Johnson, to observe the depth of the appeal's implication to the presence of the body, as well as notes that are directed towards understanding the aesthetic from this perspective, a topic that has not yet been fully addressed.
PDF
