The RENO experiment reports more precisely measured values of θ_{13} and |Δm_{ee}^{2}| using ∼2200 live days of data. The amplitude and frequency of reactor electron antineutrino (νover ¯_{e}) ...oscillation are measured by comparing the prompt signal spectra obtained from two identical near and far detectors. In the period between August 2011 and February 2018, the far (near) detector observed 103 212 (850 666) νover ¯_{e} candidate events with a background fraction of 4.8% (2.0%). A clear energy and baseline dependent disappearance of reactor νover ¯_{e} is observed in the deficit of the measured number of νover ¯_{e}. Based on the measured far-to-near ratio of prompt spectra, we obtain sin^{2}2θ_{13}=0.0896±0.0048(stat)±0.0047(syst) and |Δm_{ee}^{2}|=2.68±0.12(stat)±0.07(syst)×10^{-3} eV^{2}.
Gliomas are associated with high mortality because of their exceedingly invasive character. As these tumors acquire their invasiveness from low-grade tumors, it is very important to understand the ...detailed molecular mechanisms of invasion onset. Recent evidences suggest the significant role of microRNAs in tumor invasion. Thus, we hypothesized that deregulation of microRNAs may be important for the malignant progression of gliomas. We found that the aberrant expression of miR-21 is responsible for glioma invasion by disrupting the negative feedback circuit of Ras/MAPK signaling, which is mediated by Spry2. Upregulation of miR-21 was triggered by tumor microenvironmental factors such as hyaluronan and growth factors in glioma cells lacking functional phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), but not harboring wild-type PTEN. Consistently with these in vitro results, Spry2 protein levels were significantly decreased in 79.7% of invasive WHO grade II-IV human glioma tissues, but not in non-invasive grade I and normal tissues. The Spry2 protein levels were not correlated with their mRNA levels, but inversely correlated with miR-21 levels. Taken together, these results suggest that the post-transcriptional regulation of Spry2 by miR-21 has an essential role on the malignant progression of human gliomas. Thus, Spry2 may be a novel therapeutic target for treating gliomas.
As a major component of the LAMOST Galactic surveys, the LAMOST Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic Anticentre (LSS-GAC) aims to survey a significant volume of the Galactic thin/thick discs and halo ...for a contiguous sky area of over 3400 deg2 centred on the Galactic anticentre (|b| ≤ 30°, 150 ≤ l ≤ 210°), and obtain λλ3700–9000 low-resolution (R ∼ 1800) spectra for a statistically complete sample of ∼3 M stars of all colours down to a limiting magnitude of r ∼ 17.8 mag (to 18.5 mag for limited fields). Together with Gaia, the LSS-GAC will yield a unique data set to advance our understanding of the structure and assemblage history of the Galaxy, in particular its disc(s). In addition to the main survey, the LSS-GAC will also target hundreds of thousands objects in the vicinity fields of M 31 and M 33 and survey a significant fraction (over a million) of randomly selected very bright stars (r ≤ 14 mag) in the Northern hemisphere. During the Pilot and the first year Regular Surveys of LAMOST, a total of 1042 586 750 867 spectra of a signal-to-noise ratio S/N(7450 Å) ≥ 10 S/N(4650 Å) ≥ 10 have been collected. In this paper, we present a detailed description of the target selection algorithm, survey design, observations and the first data release of value-added catalogues (including radial velocities, effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, values of interstellar extinction, distances, proper motions and orbital parameters) of the LSS-GAC.
Four 2-(styryl)triphenylene derivatives (TSs) were synthesized for deep-blue dopant materials. By using a pyrene-containing compound, DMPPP, as the host, the TS-doped devices exhibited significant ...delayed fluorescence via triplet-triplet annihilation, providing the highest quantum efficiency of 10.2% and a current efficiency of 12.3 cd A(-1).
In its Sixth Edition, this book has been updated and revised to incorporate new information on technology, economic, and political issues that have impacted the use of fluids to drill and complete ...oil and gas wells. With updated content on completion fluids and reservoir drilling fluids; health, safety and environment; drilling fluid systems and products; new fluid systems and additives from both chemical and engineering perspectives; wellbore stability, adding the new R&D on water-based muds; and equipment and procedures for evaluating drilling fluid performance in light of the advent of digital technology and better manufacturing techniques, this book has been thoroughly updated to meet the drilling and completion engineer's needs.
Both endoscopic obturation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPSs) have proven to be effective in preventing rebleeding from gastric varices. This study compared the efficacy and ...complications of these modalities.
Cirrhotic patients with acute bleeding from gastric varices were considered for inclusion. After initial control, eligible patients were randomly allocated to two groups: TIPS (n = 35) and obturation using cyanoacrylate (n = 37). In the cyanoacrylate group, treatment was repeated regularly until gastric varices were obliterated. Patients of both groups received regular follow-up. The end points were gastric variceal rebleeding or death.
Stent shunt insertion was successful in all TIPS patients, and mean portal pressure gradient decreased from 21.4 +/- 7.5 mm Hg to 7.5 +/- 3.5 mm Hg ( P < 0.001). Variceal obliteration was achieved in 19 patients in the cyanoacrylate group (51 %) compared with seven TIPS patients (20 %) ( P < 0.02). After a median follow up of 33 months, upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 15 TIPS patients (43 %) and 22 cyanoacrylate patients (59 %) ( P = 0.12). Rebleeding from gastric varices was encountered in four TIPS patients (11 %) and 14 cyanoacrylate patients (38 %) ( P = 0.014; odds ratio 3.6, 95 %CI 1.2 - 11.1). Blood transfusion requirements were lower in the TIPS group than in the cyanoacrylate group ( P < 0.01). Survival and frequency of complications were similar in both groups.
TIPS proved more effective than glue injection in preventing rebleeding from gastric varices, with similar survival and frequency of complications.
Recently, Lee et al reported a new grading system for the lumbar spinal foraminal stenosis. They considered the type of stenosis, the amount of fat obliteration, and the presence of nerve root ...compression. Our aim was to evaluate whether a new MR imaging grading system correlated with symptoms and neurologic signs and could replace the previous grading system.
We examined 91 patients (M/F = 49:42; mean age, 50 years) who visited our institution and underwent MR imaging of the L-spine and were evaluated by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists. The presence and grade of lumbar foraminal stenosis at the maximal narrowing point was assessed according to the new grading system suggested by Lee et al (Lee system) and the Wildermuth grading system (Wildermuth system). Results were correlated with clinical manifestations and neurologic physical examination. Statistical analysis was performed by using κ statistics, categoric regression analysis, and nonparametric correlation analysis (Spearman correlation).
Interobserver agreement in the grading of foraminal stenosis between the 2 readers was substantially correlated (κ of Lee system = 0.767, κ of Wildermuth system = 0.734). The Rs for reader 1 and reader 2 between the Lee system and the Wildermuth system were 0.880 and 0.885, between Lee system and PNM were 0.715 and 0.604, and between the Wildermuth system and PNM were 0.800 and 0.680. For patients younger than 50 years of age, the R between the Lee and Wildermuth systems was higher than that for patients 50 years or older, but the Rs between the grading system and PNM were lower in the younger group than in the older group. The Rs of the Wildermuth system with PNM were higher in the older group than in the younger group; the differences between the Rs of the Lee system with PNM and the Wildermuth system with PNM were higher in the older group (0.016 young versus 0.130 old and 0.008 versus 0.107).
Interobserver agreement of the Lee system was slightly higher than the Wildermuth system and substantially correlated. Both systems are good for evaluation of lumbar spinal foraminal stenosis, but the Lee system showed slightly better interobserver agreement and good clinical correlation in the younger group of patients.
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