Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of acute hyperoxia on cerebral and systemic heamodynamics and the plasma concentration of prostacyclin and thromboxane in patients with stroke.
Methods: ...Mean blood flow velocity (MBFV), pulsatility and resistance indices of the middle cerebral artery using transcranial Doppler ultrasound before and during acute hyperoxia (4 L of 100%O
2
/15' over facial mask) in 92 participants - 25 patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) that occurred within 72 hours and diabetes mellitus (SPDM), 26 AIS patients without DM (SP) and in 41 healthy controls (HS), were measured. Partial pressure of O
2
(pO
2
), blood pressure and heart rate were measured using pulse oxymeter and pressure gauge, respectively. All the above measurements, as well as cerebral vasoreactivity assessments were performed, before, at the end of the 15 minute period of hyperoxia, and 15 minutes after hyperoxia. The plasma concentration of thromboxane and prostacyclin were determined by ELISA assays.
Results: MBFV increased in both SP and SPDM, while MBFV decreased in HS in response to hyperoxia. Thromboxane correlated negatively and prostacyclin positively with MBVF in the SPDM, although their concentrations did not differ significantly after hyperoxia among groups.
Conclusion: Results suggest impaired vascular reactivity to acute hyperoxia in patients with stroke and the possible role of thromboxane A2/prostacycline in mediating cerebrovascular reactivity in SPDM.
Abbreviations: ANG, II angiotensin II; ASA, acetylsalicylic acid; ATP, Adenosine triphosphate; BP, blood pressure; CBF, cerebral blood flow; CDI, colour Doppler imaging; COX, cyclooxigenase; COVR, cerebrovascular oxygen vasoreactivity; CVR, cerebrovascular reactivity; HR, heart rate; HS, healthy subjects; MBFV, mean blood flow velocity; MCA, middle cerebral artery; PG, 6-keto-PGF1alfa; PGI2, prostacycline; PI, pulsatility index; pO
2
partial pressure of O
2
; RI, resistance index; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SP, stroke patients; TCD, transcranial doppler; TXA
2
, thromboxane A2; TXB, thromboxane B2; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell; 20-HETE, 20-hydroxieicosatetraenoic acid
We report a 61 years old male presenting with a right cerebral infarction, along with a type I persistent left proatlantal artery (PA), which is a form of primitive carotid-basilar anastomosis. The ...patient had an absence of the ipsilateral vertebral artery (VA) and hypoplasia of the contralateral VA, while the basilar artery was supplied by the PA. Other vascular anomalies present were a fusiform aneurysm of the right subclavian artery, and an A1 segment aplasia of the hypoplastic anterior right cerebral artery, which originated from the anterior communicating artery. To our knowledge these anomalies were not described previously.
We present a 55-year-old man with repeated transient symptoms of vertebrobasilar arterial pathology. Physical examination detected no signs that would indicate the stenosis of the proximal subclavian ...artery segment. Ultrasound detected hemodynamic disorder of right vertebral artery, which correspond to a partial subclavian steal syndrome. Angiography shows fusiform aneurysm of ipsilateral subclavian artery in which central part is the base of hypoplastic vertebral artery. In the literature are rare reports of cases of partial subclavian steal syndrome caused by aneurysmal expansion of subclavian artery.
This study compares the value of digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) determination in the detection of prostate cancer. 1,000 men aged > or = 50 from the Osijek ...surroundings were examined. The subjects with prostatitis were excluded from the study. The subjects with elevated concentration of total prostate specific antigen and/or digital rectal examination suspect of carcinoma underwent prostate biopsy. The rate of prostate cancer detection showed to be 3.3% for PSA > 4 ng/ml, 2% for abnormal finding of DRE, and 3.7% for combination of the two methods. Out of 35 patients with prostate cancer detected, 19 had suspect DRE finding and 32 had PSA exceeding 4 ng/ml. Thus, PSA pointed to the diagnosis of prostate cancer in 91.4%, and abnormal finding of DRE in 54.2% of cases, the difference being statistically significant. The positive predictive value was 48.7% for abnormal finding of DRE, 47% for PSA > 4 ng/ml, and 80.0% for the combination of both. Although PSA determination detected a considerable proportion of tumors missed on DRE, the former alone was found to be insufficient as a screening method because of its inadequate sensitivity. When combined with digital rectal examination, the probability of prostate cancer detection increased considerably.
The aim of this study was to confirm the role of screening by determining the percentage of clinically localized prostate cancer (stage A and B) in patients with prostate cancer detected on screening ...and in those presenting to urologic clinic for the symptoms of urination impairment or ostalgia. During the study, 1,000 men aged > or = 50 from the community of Cepin and village of Josipovac near Osijek were examined. The subjects with elevated concentration of total prostate specific antigen and/or digital rectal examination suspect of carcinoma underwent transperineal biopsy of the prostate. Clinical staging was performed in patients with prostate cancer detected on screening, and data on clinical staging for prostate cancer patients treated during the 1996-1997 period were retrieved from patient files of the Department of Urology, University Hospital "Osijek". On screening, 28 (80%) patients with localized prostate cancer and seven (20%) patients with metastases were detected. In the group of patients examined on an outpatient basis for the signs and symptoms of prostatism, there were 30 (83.4%) patients with metastases and only six (16.6%) patients with localized prostate cancer. Study results indicated that an early diagnosis of prostate cancer could be made by use of noninvasive and inexpensive methods that cause no major discomfort to the patient. Accordingly, these results appear to strongly support such screening in men, if not in all those aged over 50, then at least in the otherwise healthy, 50-70 age group.
Čovjek i njegovi simboli Hegeduš, Pavle; Hegeduš, Ivana
Medicinski vjesnik,
12/2010, Letnik:
42, Številka:
1-2
Paper
Odprti dostop
Cilj je članka ukazivanje na funkciju i značaj simbola, kako u povijesnom razvoju tako i u svakidašnjem životu. Simbol je povijesni likovni artefakt, riznica kolektivne emocije i oduvijek je magično ...privlačio u traganju i otkrivanju skrivenih suština. Simbol je slika, kip i arhitektura čije je značenje podsvjesno utemeljeno. Preko njega smisao je života bivao prisutan, a samim tim i kontinuitet zagarantiran. Čovjekova potreba da objasni tajne i nađe smisao života pronašla je svoj izraz i u simboličkim spomenicima zadivljujuće ljepote i moći. Simboli su također štitili integritet, integriranost i zdravlje prvobitnoga čovjeka. Diferencijacijom odgovornosti za povijesni opstanak, pridonijeli su i dignitetu medicinske struke. Prikaz geneze simbola na obrascu zvanom vesica piscis (lat. riblji mjehur) upoznaje nas s jednim od mogućih načina stvaranja i razlikovanja simboličkih struktura. Naravno, simboli su samo sredstva za identifikaciju i komunikaciju, a sve ostalo ovisi «o zrelosti» određene kulture.
Prema diskonekcijskoj hipotezi poremećena interhemisferalna komunikacija u središnjem živčanom susutavu može se
povezati s razvojem shizofrenog poremećaja. Na korpusu kalozumu oboljelih osoba ...pronađene su morfološke i funkcionalne
promjene, ali rezultati su još uvijek nedoslijedni. Prikazi pacijenata s agenezom korpusa kalozuma i shizofrenijom
pružaju priliku za daljnje razumijevanje te povezanosti. U radu je prikazana pacijentica sa sniženim intelektualnim sposobnostima
kod koje je u adolecenciji verificiran prolazni psihotični poremećaj, a u odrasloj dobi došlo je do postupnog
pada sveukupne kvalitete osobnog ponašanja, povlačenja iz socijalnih kontakata, gubitka interesa, uz nemotivirano i
dezorganizirano ponašanje, zanemarivanje higijene te vjerojatne slušne obmane osjetila. Tijekom obrade ustanovljena
je potpuna ageneza korpusa kalozuma s pratećim proširenjem moždanih komora. Parcijalni terapijski pomak postignut
je uz terapiju malim dozama olanzapina.
The aim of this study was to confirm the role of screening by determining the percentage
of clinically localized prostate cancer (stage A and B) in patients with prostate cancer
detected on screening ...and in those presenting to urologic clinic for the symptoms of
urination impairment or ostalgia. During the study, 1,000 men aged 50 from the community
of ^epin and village of Josipovac near Osijek were examined. The subjects with
elevated concentration of total prostate specific antigen and/or digital rectal examination
suspect of carcinoma underwent transperineal biopsy of the prostate. Clinical staging
was performed in patients with prostate cancer detected on screening, and data on
clinical staging for prostate cancer patients treated during the 1996–1997 period were
retrieved from patient files of the Department of Urology, University Hospital »Osijek«.
On screening, 28 (80%) patients with localized prostate cancer and seven (20%) patients
with metastases were detected. In the group of patients examined on an outpatient basis
for the signs and symptoms of prostatism, there were 30 (83.4%) patients with metastases
and only six (16.6%) patients with localized prostate cancer. Study results indicated
that an early diagnosis of prostate cancer could be made by use of noninvasive
and inexpensive methods that cause no major discomfort to the patient. Accordingly,
these results appear to strongly support such screening in men, if not in all those aged
over 50, then at least in the otherwise healthy, 50–70 age group.
This study compares the value of digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate specific
antigen (PSA) determination in the detection of prostate cancer. 1,000 men aged
50 from the Osijek surroundings ...were examined. The subjects with prostatitis were excluded
from the study. The subjects with elevated concentration of total prostate specific
antigen and/or digital rectal examination suspect of carcinoma underwent prostate biopsy.
The rate of prostate cancer detection showed to be 3.3% for PSA > 4 ng/ml, 2% for
abnormal finding of DRE, and 3.7% for combination of the two methods. Out of 35 patients
with prostate cancer detected, 19 had suspect DRE finding and 32 had PSA exceeding
4 ng/ml. Thus, PSA pointed to the diagnosis of prostate cancer in 91.4%, and
abnormal finding of DRE in 54.2% of cases, the difference being statistically significant.
The positive predictive value was 48.7% for abnormal finding of DRE, 47% for
PSA > 4 ng/ml, and 80.0% for the combination of both. Although PSA determination
detected a considerable proportion of tumors missed on DRE, the former alone was found
to be insufficient as a screening method because of its inadequate sensitivity. When combined
with digital rectal examination, the probability of prostate cancer detection increased
considerably.
Since ancient times, sea buckthorn (Hyppophae rhamnoides) (SBT) has been utilized as a medical plant for its ability to extract health-promoting compounds from its fruits, seeds, pulp, skin, bark, ...roots, and leaves. L-ascorbic acid is primarily found in fruits, and because of this, it can be utilized as a fortification agent to enhance other juices. The study’s goal was to look into how the L-ascorbic acid and selected nutritional parameters in common sea buckthorn juice changed over the period of storage and different thermal treatments. The L-ascorbic acid stability in the processed juice in both used varieties (“Hergo” and “Leikora”) was ensured by the processing technology with a modified vat (or batch) (low-temperature long-time pasteurization) process. Even after being sterilized at 120 °C for 15 min, the amount of L-ascorbic acid in the processed sea buckthorn juice in both varieties was unaffected and ranged between 1762 and 2058 mg/kg. There was no change in the pH level at the same time; it stayed extremely low (about 2.3), which may have helped the L-ascorbic acid to stabilize. The sterilized juice variant in both varieties had the highest levels of glucose, fructose, total sugar, malic acid, total acid, and total soluble solids (TSS), which were significantly higher than in fresh juice or in either variant after pasteurization. Given this, we advise processing the SBT berries immediately after harvest using thermal processing to prevent ascorbic acid (AA) loss, or storing them under frost conditions until processing.
PDF
