Proposal Complementary Action Detection Zhu, Suguo; Yang, Xiaoxian; Yu, Jun ...
ACM transactions on multimedia computing communications and applications,
07/2020, Letnik:
16, Številka:
2s
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Temporal action detection not only requires correct classification but also needs to detect the start and end times of each action accurately. However, traditional approaches always employ sliding ...windows or actionness to predict the actions, and it is different to train to model with sliding windows or actionness by end-to-end means. In this article, we attempt a different idea to detect the actions end-to-end, which can calculate the probabilities of actions directly through one network as one part of the results. We present PCAD, a novel proposal complementary action detector to deal with video streams under continuous, untrimmed conditions. Our approach first uses a simple fully 3D convolutional network to encode the video streams and then generates candidate temporal proposals for activities by using anchor segments. To generate more precise proposals, we also design a boundary proposal network to offer some complementary information for the candidate proposals. Finally, we learn an efficient classifier to classify the generated proposals into different activities and refine their temporal boundaries at the same time. Our model can achieve end-to-end training by jointly optimizing classification loss and regression loss. When evaluating on the THUMOS’14 detection benchmark, PCAD achieves state-of-the-art performance in high-speed models.
In the above article <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1 , in Table VI, the unit of "displacement" should be corrected from "mm" to "<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu ...</tex-math></inline-formula>m." The displacement measurement experiments were carried out on a 600-mm-long guide rail; however, we forgot to convert the unit in Table VI.
The dual-track land system is a key underlying reason for many phenomena in transitional China, and land acquisition is often based on the bargaining process among government agencies, businesses and ...landowners. As a growing new economic sector, tourism is in a less advantageous position in obtaining land from governments, and land is often regarded as one of the constraints for tourism development. This study attempts to illustrate how the tourism sector makes efforts to obtain land for development from provincial governments, with a focus on the case of the Guangdong province. It was found that lobbying the provincial government and other sectors to formulate tourism land policies and packaging big projects to be included in provincial government priority projects are the two means to obtain land for tourism. However, in this process, obtaining land rather than ensuring the sustainable use of land tends to have been the focus. Suggestions are provided at the end of this paper.
The development of miniaturized energy storage components with high areal performance for emerging electronics depends on scalable fabrication techniques for thick electrodes and an in‐depth ...understanding of the intrinsic properties of materials. Based on the coprecipitation behavior of electrically exfoliated graphene and reduced graphene oxide–templated polyaniline (PANi) nanoflake, this work develops a simple, green, low‐cost, and scalable drop‐casted technique to easily fabricate uniform thick electrodes (up to 80 μm) on various substrates. Through using a direct laser writing process, planar microsupercapacitors can be readily attained. As‐fabricated flexible all‐solid‐state microsupercapacitors exhibit an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 172 mF cm−2 at 0.1 A cm−2 and excellent cycling stability of 91% capacitance retention over 2000 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A cm−2. Furthermore, based on the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance research result, the pseudocapacitance contribution is mostly provided by the adsorption/desorption of SO42− anions during the protonation process of PANi. This work offers a simple strategy toward superior‐performance micro‐sized energy devices and a new perspective to understand the origin of the capacitance of composites and heterostructures.
Graphene and polyaniline heterostructure based on‐chip microsupercapacitor is prepared by direct dip coating and laser scribing. As‐prepared microsupercapacitors exhibit ultra‐high areal capacitance of up to 172 mF cm−2. The mass transport behaviors among the heterostructure are studied to address the high performance and offers a new way to understand the charge‐storage mechanism of heterostructure‐based electrodes.
Abstract
Background: The PI3K pathway is activated in a large proportion of solid cancers, including prostate cancer. Loss of its inhibitor PTEN is associated with higher risk of lethal prostate ...cancer. However, clinical trials of PI3K and Akt inhibitors have had mixed results in prostate cancer, likely because patients were not selected for PI3K pathway activation. Here, we established a novel assessment of PI3K pathway activity on a single-cell level.
Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from patients diagnosed with primary prostate cancer during prospective follow-up of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and the Physicians' Health Study (PHS) underwent centralized re-review by genitourinary pathologists. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were sequentially stained for PTEN, stathmin, and phospho-S6 (pS6) as indicators of PI3K activation, and for AMACR. Slides were scanned on Vectra 3 (PerkinElmer), followed by multispectral imaging analysis. Tumor cells were identified using histology-based machine learning and AMACR staining intensity. Software for visualization of histomorphology and marker colocalization was developed. Cell-level PI3K activation scores were defined using a predefined analytical approach and compared to a data-driven approach. An independent, genomically validated core-level immunohistochemistry for PTEN loss and an mRNA signature of 105 PI3K/Akt/mTOR target genes served for validation. Patients were followed prospectively for lethal disease (metastases and cancer-specific death). Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression.
Results: In 1,103 patients (719 from HPFS, 384 from PHS), 1.05 million tumor cells were assessed on 14 TMAs (median, 669 tumor cells per patient; interquartile range, 208 to 1362). Visualizations revealed intratumoral heterogeneity in PI3K activation in some tumors. Predefined and data-driven approaches to quantifying PI3K activity had similar results, with cell-level PI3K scores being driven by higher stathmin and pS6 and lower cell-level PTEN intensity. PI3K scores were higher in tumors with higher Gleason grade (ptrend < 0.001), core-level PTEN loss (p < 0.001; n = 866), and a higher transcriptional signature (ptrend = 0.025; n = 295). Over a median follow-up of 12.5 years with 95 lethal events, tumors in the highest quartile of PI3K activation were more than twice as likely to become lethal (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.40–4.66; ptrend < 0.001) than those in the lowest quartile, even after adjusting for core-level PTEN status and Gleason grade (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.01–5.08).
Conclusion: Single-cell multiplex assessment of immunofluorescence PI3K markers can validly identify tumors with high activity of the PI3K pathway and may harbor more information than PTEN status alone. It provides a scalable measure that can be applied to routine specimens, including archival tissue from observational studies, and that can be used for patient selection into clinical trials of PI3K inhibitors.
Citation Format: Konrad H. Stopsack, Ying Huang, Svitlana Tyekucheva, Travis A. Gerke, Clyde Bango, Habiba Elfandy, Xueliang Gao, Zhenying Cai, Thomas M. Roberts, Philip W. Kantoff, Lorelei A. Mucci, Massimo Loda. Single-cell multiplex immunofluorescence of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostate cancer tissue identifies PI3K pathway activation in two prospective cohort studies abstract. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting PI3K/mTOR Signaling; 2018 Nov 30-Dec 8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(10_Suppl):Abstract nr B31.
In this work, a simple synthesis of low-toxicity transition metal material of WO
dots was used as a co-reactant with Au@SiO
as a core-shell material and a signal amplification factor to ...collaboratively promote Ru(bpy)
electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for the construction of a highly sensitive aptasensor for the detection of diazinon (DZN) in vegetables. Electrodes modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes-chitosan composite membranes (MWCNTs-CS) were used to load and immobilize more Ru(bpy)
.can load more Ru(bpy)
. WO
dots synthesized by a simple method showed excellent ECL efficiency as a novel co-reactant for Ru(bpy)
. Under optimized conditions, this aptasensor for DZN has a wide detection range (10 pg mL
- 1 μg mL
.) and a low detection limit (0.0197 ng L
). The aptasensor has shown good results in the analysis of real samples in the experiment. This work provides a new approach to the construction of a novel electrochemiluminescence sensor for the detection of pesticides.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)@N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol (ABEI)@Titanium dioxide nanorods (TiO
NRs) were used as sensing materials to produce a unique encapsulated nanostructure aptasensor for ...the detection of acetamiprid residues in this work. ABEI, an analog of luminol, was extensively used as an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reagent. The ECL mechanism of ABEI- hydrogen peroxide (H
O
) system had connections to a number of oxygen-centered free radicals. TiO
NRs improved ECL response with high electron transfer and a specific surface area. AuNPs were easy to biolabel and could catalyze H
O
to enhance ECL signal. AuNPs were wrapped around TiO
NRs by utilizing the reduction property of ABEI to form wrapped modified nanomaterials. The sulfhydryl-modified aptamer bound to the nanomaterial by forming gold-sulfur (Au-S) bonds. The aptamer selectively bound to its target with the addition of acetamiprid, which caused a considerable decrease in ECL intensity and enabled quantitative detection of acetamiprid. The aptasensor showed good stability, repeatability and specificity with a broad detection range (1×10
-1×10
nM) and a lower limit of detection (3 pM) for acetamiprid residues in vegetables. Overall, this aptasensor presents a simple and highly sensitive method for ECL detecting acetamiprid, with potential applications in vegetable safety monitoring.
Rubella remains a significant burden in mainland China. In this report, 667 viruses collected in 24 of 31 provinces of mainland China during 2010-2012 were sequenced and analyzed, significantly ...extending previous reports on limited numbers of viruses collected before 2010. Only viruses of genotypes 1E and 2B were found. Genotype 1E viruses were found in all 24 provinces. Genotype 1E viruses were likely introduced into mainland China around 1997 and endemic transmission of primarily one lineage became established. Viruses reported here from 2010-2012 are largely in a single cluster within this lineage. Genotype 2B viruses were rarely detected in China prior to 2010. This report documents a previously undetected 2B lineage, which likely became endemic in eastern provinces of China between 2010 and 2012. Bayesian analyses were performed to estimate the evolutionary rates and dates of appearance of the genotype 1E and 2B viral linages in China. A skyline plot of viral population diversity did not provide evidence of reduction of diversity as a result of vaccination, but should be useful as a baseline for such reductions as vaccination programs for rubella become widespread in mainland China.
Thin films of Ti-doped ZnO (TZO) were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering using targets prepared with sintering temperatures in the range 1100–1500 °C; the microstructures and optoelectronic ...properties of the TZO targets and films were characterized by SEM, XRD, Hall Effect analysis, UV–VIS spectrophotometry and physical property measurement system. Results indicated that the target sintering temperature affected both the TZO targets and films. The Ti/Zn atomic ratios in the targets decreased progressively with increasing sintering temperature, but by a smaller amount in films prepared from them. XRD patterns showed that all films were preferentially oriented along the c axis at 2θ ~ 34° in their XRD patterns. The films sputtered with targets sintered at above 1300 °C were relatively smooth, and had larger average grain size. The target sintered at 1450 °C had the highest density. The best optoelectronic properties were found with the film sputtered from the target sintered at 1300 °C; this sample had superior crystal properties, high average optical transmittance (88.9%), and the lowest resistivity (8.47 × 10
−4
Ω cm). Furthermore, the resistivity of all the films changed with temperature between 10 and 350 K, they experienced an initial decrease followed by an increase as the temperature was raised.
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