Background
While there have been disagreements concerning whether obesity and increase in body weight elevate the risk of dementia, variability in body weight has been recently recognized as a new ...biometric associated with a high risk for a number of diseases. This nationwide, population‐based cohort study examined the association between body weight variability and dementia.
Methods
A total of 2,812,245 adults (mean age, 51.7 years; standard deviation, 8.6) without a history of dementia who underwent at least three health examinations between 2005 and 2012 in a nationwide cohort were followed‐up until the date of dementia diagnosis (based on prescribed drugs and disease code) or until 2016 (median follow‐up duration, 5.38 years; interquartile range, 5.16–5.61). Cox regression models were used to evaluate the risk of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia according to body weight variability.
Results
The hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the highest quartiles of variability were 1.42 (1.35–1.49) for Alzheimer's disease and 1.47 (1.32–1.63) for vascular dementia compared to the lowest quartile group as a reference. This association was consistent in various subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.
Conclusions
Body weight variability could predict Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, which may provide new insights into the prevention and management of dementia.
Body weight variability could be a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, which may provide new insights for dementia prevention.
Amino acid metabolites (AAMs) have been linked to glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated whether (1) baseline AAMs predict T2D remission 12 months after bariatric surgery and ...(2) whether AAMs are superior for predicting T2D remission postoperatively compared with existing prediction models.
Among 24 participants undergoing bariatric surgery, 16 diabetes-related AAMs were quantified at baseline and postoperative 3 and 12 months. Existing prediction models included the ABCD, DiaRem, and IMS models.
Baseline L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) (areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC), 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75 to 1.00) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) (AUROC, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.67 to 1.00) better predicted T2D remission 12 months postoperatively than the ABCD model (AUROC, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.00), which presented the highest AUROC value among the three models. The superior prognostic performance of L-DOPA (AUROC at 3 months, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.00) and 3-HAA (AUROC at 3 months, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.00) continued until 3 months postoperatively.
The AAM profile predicts T2D remission after bariatric surgery more effectively than the existing prediction models.
Bariatric surgery has been widely performed for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Efforts have been made to investigate the mechanisms underlying the metabolic effects achieved by ...bariatric surgery and to identify candidates who will benefit from this surgery. Metabolomics, which includes comprehensive profiling of metabolites in biological samples, has been utilized for various disease entities to discover pathophysiological metabolic pathways and biomarkers predicting disease progression or prognosis. Over the last decade, metabolomic studies on patients undergoing bariatric surgery have identified significant biomarkers related to metabolic effects. This review describes the significance, progress, and challenges for the future of metabolomics in the area of bariatric surgery.
Graphical abstract
To assess healthcare utilization (HCRU) among patients with incident telehealth visit during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Retrospective pre-post analyses was conducted using HealthJump data. Adults ...continuously enrolled with an incident telehealth visit between Feb and April 2020 were identified. Demographics, clinical characteristics, proportion of patients with ≥1 HCRU visits and post-index trends in HCRU were analyzed.
Sample constituted 2799 patients, 60.34% female and 46.23% white with mean age 59.70. Significant increase in patients with outpatient visits (5.36%, p < 0.005; only established), non-face-to-face visits (99.50%, p < 0.005) and prescription use (12.86%, p < 0.005) was reported.
Among patients utilizing telehealth during COVID-19 pandemic, HCRU changed significantly. Better deployment policies and adoption techniques of telehealth could potentially act as a strong tool to revolutionize the healthcare delivery, with or without the pandemic.
PDF
