"Hands on Media History explores the whole range of hands on media history techniques for the first time, offering both practical guides and general perspectives. It covers both analogue and digital ...media; film, television, video, gaming, photography and recorded sound. Understanding media means understanding the technologies involved. The hands on history approach can open our minds to new perceptions of how media technologies work and how we work with them. Essays in this collection explore the difficult questions of reconstruction and historical memory, and the issues of equipment degradation and loss. Hands on Media History is concerned with both the professional and the amateur, the producers and the users, providing a new perspective on one of the modern era’s most urgent questions: what is the relationship between people and the technologies they use every day? Engaging and enlightening, this collection is a key reference for students and scholars of media studies, digital humanities, and for those interested in models of museum and research practice."
The Zoom Hall, Nick
2018, 20180426, 2018-05-11
eBook
From the queasy zooms in Alfred Hitchcock'sVertigoto the avant-garde mystery of Michael Snow'sWavelength, from the excitement of televised baseball to the drama of the political convention, the zoom ...shot is instantly recognizable and highly controversial. InThe Zoom, Nick Hall traces the century-spanning history of the zoom lens in American film and television. From late 1920s silent features to the psychedelic experiments of the 1960s and beyond, the book describes how inventors battled to provide film and television studios with practical zoom lenses, and how cinematographers clashed over the right ways to use the new zooms. Hall demonstrates how the zoom brought life and energy to cinema decades before the zoom boom of the 1970s and reveals how the zoom continues to play a vital and often overlooked role in the production of contemporary film and television.
To examine the role of intracellular labile iron pool (LIP), ferritin (Ft), and antioxidant defence in cellular resistance to oxidative stress on chronic adaptation, a new H2O2-resistant Jurkat T ...cell line “HJ16” was developed by gradual adaptation of parental “J16” cells to high concentrations of H2O2. Compared to J16 cells, HJ16 cells exhibited much higher resistance to H2O2-induced oxidative damage and necrotic cell death (up to 3mM) and had enhanced antioxidant defence in the form of significantly higher intracellular glutathione and mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) levels as well as higher glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) activity. In contrast, the level of the Ft H-subunit (FtH) in the H2O2-adapted cell line was found to be 7-fold lower than in the parental J16 cell line. While H2O2 concentrations higher than 0.1mM fully depleted the glutathione content of J16 cells, in HJ16 cells the same treatments decreased the cellular glutathione content to only half of the original value. In HJ16 cells, H2O2 concentrations higher than 0.1mM increased the level of FtMt up to 4-fold of their control values but had no effect on the FtMt levels in J16 cells. Furthermore, while the basal cytosolic level of LIP was similar in both cell lines, H2O2 treatment substantially increased the cytosolic LIP levels in J16 but not in HJ16 cells. H2O2 treatment also substantially decreased the FtH levels in J16 cells (up to 70% of the control value). In contrast in HJ16 cells, FtH levels were not affected by H2O2 treatment. These results indicate that chronic adaptation of J16 cells to high concentrations of H2O2 has provoked a series of novel and specific cellular adaptive responses that contribute to higher resistance of HJ16 cells to oxidative damage and cell death. These include increased cellular antioxidant defence in the form of higher glutathione and FtMt levels, higher GPx activity, and lower FtH levels. Further adaptive responses include the significantly reduced cellular response to oxidant-mediated glutathione depletion, FtH modulation, and labile iron release and a significant increase in FtMt levels following H2O2 treatment.
•We developed a new H2O2-resistant Jurkat T cell line by chronic adaptation to H2O2.•Cells displayed higher glutathione and mitochondrial ferritin levels but lower ferritin.•Cells possessed higher glutathione peroxidase but not higher catalase activity.•Cells had reduced response to H2O2-mediated glutathione depletion and iron release.•Cells acquired higher mitochondrial ferritin levels following H2O2 treatment.
Abstract Chondrosarcoma of the skull base is a rare tumour with a good prognosis following surgical resection. We describe a patient with low-grade chondrosarcoma of the skull base with intradural ...extramedullary spinal metastases. A 31-year-old female with grade 1 chondrosarcoma involving the cavernous sinus, sphenoid wing and clivus presented at age 19. The tumour was subtotally excised at initial surgery and over the following 4 years, 3 subsequent resections were undertaken for tumour progression followed by proton beam radiotherapy to the residual tumour. The patient re-presented with cervical radiculopathy 7 years later. MRI showed multiple, intradural extramedullary spinal drop metastases. Following surgical excision of the symptomatic lesion, histological diagnosis was confirmed as a mixed hyaline/myxoid grade 1 chondrosarcoma. Patients with skull base chondrosarcoma with intradural extension should have whole spine imaging as part of long-term monitoring to exclude drop metastases, particularly after intradural surgery.
This article is about The Privileged, a documentary series filmed by Westward Television in 1967 and broadcast in 1968 and 1969. The article offers the series as a case study of regional documentary ...production in a geographically peripheral ITV franchise area. It examines how documentaries were made by Westward despite the absence of a formalised documentary unit. This article shows how producers, editors and camera operators used their skills and experience to create an ambitious and innovative documentary television series within the more constrained budgets of regional independent television. Drawing on original production papers and preserved episodes of the series, this case study reveals how The Privileged took advantage of new production technologies and novel ways of filming and editing. It also considers the archival afterlife of the series, which has been largely been forgotten since its original transmission. The article concludes by drawing attention to some of the problems with the series' partial re-presentation on the BFI Player website, and highlights the potential social and cultural benefits which could be obtained by enhancing access to archival documentaries such as The Privileged.
In 1973, in response to pressure from trade unions and women's groups, and a damning report that exposed the discriminatory policies and attitudes underpinning women's employment, the British ...Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) committed to the recruitment of women into previously male-only technical occupations. This article examines draws upon public and private archives, and oral history interviews with former BBC women film and television camera operators, to assess the extent to which the Corporation's commitment to equality brought about sustained change to women's opportunities in technical areas of television. Although stereotypical assumptions about women's technical ability proved unfounded, women's employment in camera roles continued to be restricted through recruitment policies and procedures that favoured male applicants. Women's entry into technical areas also challenged existing gendered power relations and workplace culture within television studios. The BBC's inadequate commitment to meaningful change to discriminatory work practices further entrenched the equation of technical skill with masculine labour.
In October 1946, optical engineer Frank G. Back introduced a new zoom lens designed for film and television cameras. The Zoomar lens was adopted by newsreel and television, and soon became ubiquitous ...in American television production. Zoomar lenses enhanced postwar television, and prepared the ground for the later popularity of zooms in film production. This article explores the wartime innovations and industrial collaborations which aided the development of the lens. It documents a neglected aspect of the history of American television technology, and sheds further light on relations between small inventors and large corporate bodies during the mid-twentieth century.
•Burned watersheds had similar turbidity to unburned watersheds during spring runoff.•Burned watersheds were more susceptible to precipitation driven sedimentation.Watersheds with more erodible soils ...had larger turbidity increases following precipitation events than other watersheds.
In this work we explore watershed characteristics associated with increased turbidity following the 2013 West Fork Complex Fire (WFC) in southwest Colorado, USA with the goal of understanding the hydrologic and geomorphic controls on turbidity. Turbidity, precipitation, and stream discharge were measured from May to September in 2015 and 2016 in seven watersheds, four burned and three unburned. Slope, slope aspect, soil type, vegetation, and burn severity—as well as precipitation and discharge—were characterized as independent variables for each of the seven watersheds. During snowmelt-driven runoff from May to June, no significant difference in turbidity between burned and unburned watersheds was found. However, in results from July to September of both 2015 and 2016, burned watersheds had larger spikes in turbidity following precipitation events than unburned watersheds. In the watersheds with higher burn severity and poor vegetation recovery, positive correlations between total storm volume and turbidity existed, though short-term trends in Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were not consistently correlated with turbidity changes with precipitation, nor were watershed slope and aspect alone. These results indicate that other drivers of turbidity in these burned watersheds, for example erodible soils, were more susceptible to precipitation than snowmelt due in part to processes like rain splash. Results from this work provide insight on characteristics that influence stream turbidity after a wildfire and can help watershed managers predict future wildfire impacts on water quality, the health of aquatic organisms, and water treatment infrastructure.
Iliotibial band syndrome Pegrum, James; Self, Alex; Hall, Nick
BMJ (Online),
2019-Mar-21, Letnik:
364
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Iliotibial band (ITB) syndrome (ITBS) affects 7-14% of runners, 1 2 although it is associated with a variety of activities including cycling, field sports, hockey, rowing, swimming, hiking, and ...basketball.1 The pain or tightness typically affects the lateral knee but can radiate along the length of the ITB, presenting with hip or thigh pain (fig 1). ITBS is usually caused by biomechanical abnormalities, often combined with overtraining, although it can develop with quite modest levels of exercise. This article outlines how to diagnose ITBS in someone presenting with lateral knee pain, and offers a practical guide to initial management in primary care.
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