The giant flares of soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) have long been proposed to contribute to at least a subsample of the observed short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this paper, we perform a ...comprehensive analysis of the high-energy data of the recent bright short GRB 200415A, which was located close to the Sculptor galaxy. Our results suggest that a magnetar giant flare provides the most natural explanation for most observational properties of GRB 200415A, including its location, temporal and spectral features, energy, statistical correlations, and high-energy emissions. On the other hand, the compact star merger GRB model is found to have difficulty reproducing such an event in a nearby distance. Future detections and follow-up observations of similar events are essential to firmly establish the connection between SGR giant flares and a subsample of nearby short GRBs.
A novel SA-Fe-NC single-atom catalyst is prepared via a spatial isolation strategy. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) analysis indicates that Fe ...atomically disperses on SA-Fe-NC. Both X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analyses show that the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio is 0.3/0.7. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) fitting presents that the isolated Fe is coordinated with 4.4 N atoms on average, corresponding to the coexistence of Fe–N4 (60%) and Fe–N5 (40%). The SA-Fe-NC electrochemical catalyst presents high ORR activity (E onset/E 1/2 = 1.04/0.88 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and J L = 5.62 mA cm–2), superhigh durability (no obvious loss after 30 000 cycles), and absolute tolerance to methanol in alkaline media. The SA-Fe-NC-based primary Zn–air battery (ZAB) shows a high specific capacity of 806 mAh gZn –1, a high energy density of 1048 Wh kgZn –1, and a high power density of 164 mW cm–2 due to the high electrocatalytic activity of SA-Fe-NC. The ZAB shows a superlong lifetime of 320 h at 10 mA cm–2 resulting from the superhigh stability of the SA-Fe-NC catalyst.
Magnetic Fe3S4 was facilely derived from MIL-100(Fe) as the precursor and thioacetamide (TAA) as the sulfur source under hydrothermal condition. The as-prepared Fe3S4 was adopted as catalyst to ...promote the photo-Fenton process, in which sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was used as representative pollutant sample to test the oxidative degradation performance of Fe3S4. The results showed that Fe3S4 exhibited excellent photo-Fenton-like oxidation decomposition performances toward sulfamethoxazole (SMX) under both UV and visible light. A possible degradation mechanism over Fe3S4 in the photo-Fenton reaction is put forward based on quenching experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR). About 41% total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) over the as-prepared Fe3S4 can be accomplished within 40 min. As well, different sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) like sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfisoxazole (SIM) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) were selected to further investigate the oxidative degradation activity of Fe3S4 in this photo-Fenton-like reaction system, in which the possible degradation pathways of SMX, SIM and SDZ were put forward based on UHPLC-MS analysis. This work provided a new strategy to prepare magnetic Fe3S4 as catalyst for advanced oxidation process, which can be easily separated from the treated water samples to accomplish facile recovery and recyclability.
Display omitted
•The magnetic Fe3S4 derived from MIL-100(Fe) was fabricated.•The sulfamethoxazole can be degraded over Fe3S4 as photo-Fenton catalyst.•Fe3S4 can be easily recovered for reuse under an external magnetic field.
To elucidate an etiology in a case with persistent oligohydramnios by prenatal diagnosis and actively treat the case to achieve good prognosis.
We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of DNA from ...the fetus and parents. Serial amnioinfusions were conducted until birth. Pressors were required to maintain normal blood pressure. The infant angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, angiotensin II (Ang II, a downstream product of ACE), and compensatory enzymes (CEs) activities were measured. Compensatory enzyme activities in plasma from age-matched healthy controls were also detected.
We identified a fetus with a severe ACE mutation prenatally. The infant was born prematurely without pulmonary dysplasia. Hypotension and anuria resolved spontaneously. He had almost no ACE activity, but his Ang II level and CE activity exceeded the upper limit of the normal range and the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of controls, respectively. His renal function also largely recovered.
Fetuses with ACE mutations can be diagnosed prenatally through WES. Serial amnioinfusion permits the continuation of pregnancy in fetal ACE deficiency. Compensatory enzymes for defective ACE appeared postnatally. Renal function may be spared by preterm delivery; furthermore, for postnatal vasopressor therapy to begin, improving renal perfusion pressure before nephrogenesis has been completed.
Purpose
To validate and compare diagnostic value of three newly-released Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADS) for cancer risk determination.
Methods
Total 2031 patients with 2465 ...thyroid nodules were recruited for this study. Ultrasound (US) images were categorized based on three TIRADS editions established by Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR), European Thyroid Association (ETA) and American College of Radiology (ACR). ROC curves were established to compare diagnostic value.
Results
Total 1460 benign and 1005 malignant nodules were enrolled. The malignancy rates of each category in KSThR-TIRADS were 2.8%, 5.1%, 33.7% and 79.6%, respectively. For European-TIRADS, 0, 3.1, 22.8, and 73.5% of nodules categorized as 2 to 5 were malignant. Distribution of carcinomas among ACR-TIRADS categories was 0%, 2.3%, 7.5%, 40.1% and 81.4%, respectively. In terms of diagnostic value, KSThR-TIRADS had highest AUC (0.855) and specificity (87.4%), while lowest (71.4%) sensitivity. ACR-TIRADS showed best sensitivity (96.6%) with lowest specificity (52.9%) and the AUC (0.846) was slightly lower than KSThR-TIRADS. Total 56.1, 45.4, and 37.4% fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) were recommended by KSThR, ETA and ACR, revealing 42.8%, 44.5% and 53.6% malignant lesions, respectively. The rate of unnecessary FNAB was lowest with the ACR (17.3%), followed by ETA (25.2%) and KSThR (32.1%).
Conclusion
All these US models showed great value in predicting thyroid malignancy. Among them, KSThR-TIRADS showed the most effective diagnostic performance in specificity, while ACR-TIRADS yielded best sensitivity. As for FNAB criteria, ACR-TIRADS showed the lowest rate of unnecessary FNAB and highest rate of malignancy in FNAB.
Metastatic invasion is the primary cause of treatment failure for GBM. EMT is one of the most important events in the invasion of GBM; therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of EMT is ...crucial for the treatment of GBM. In this study, high expression of DRR1 was identified to correlate with a shorter median overall and relapse-free survival. Loss-of-function assays using shDRR1 weakened the invasive potential of the GBM cell lines through regulation of EMT-markers. The expressions of p-AKT were significantly decreased after DRR-depletion in SHG44 and U373 cells. Moreover, the invasion was inhibited by the AKT inhibitor, MK-2206. The expression of Vimentin, N-cadherin, MMP-7, snail and slug was significantly inhibited by MK-2206, while the expression of E-cadherin was upregulated. Our results provide the first evidence that DRR1 is involved in GBM invasion and progression possibly through the induction of EMT activation by phosphorylation of AKT.
Display omitted
•DRR1 is involved in GBM invasion and progression.•DRR1 promotes EMT by activating AKT.•DRR1 may be a prognostic predictor of GBM.
Nearly equiatomic nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy is an ideal implant biomaterial because of its shape memory effect, superelasticity, low elastic modulus as well as other desirable properties. However, ...it is prone to infection because of its poor antibacterial ability. The present work incorporated Cu into Ni–Ti–O nanopores (NP–Cu) anodically grown on the NiTi alloy to enhance its antibacterial ability, which was realized through electrodeposition. Our results show that incorporation of Cu (0.78 at%–2.37 at%) has little influence on the NP diameter, length and morphology. The release level of Cu ions is in line with loadage which may be responsible for the improved antibacterial ability of the NiTi alloy to combat possible bacterial infection in vivo. Meanwhile, the NP–Cu shows better cytocompatibility and even can promote proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), up-regulate collagen secretion and extracellular matrix mineralization when compared with Cu-free sample. Better antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility of the NP–Cu render them to be promising when serving as NiTi implant coatings.
MIL-88A(Fe)@sponge (MS) was synthesized by a dip-coating method, which displayed efficient photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction efficiency under both low power LED UV light and real solar light ...irradiation. It was observed that MS (0.2 g/L) could remove 100% Cr(VI) (10 mg/L) by adding 0.4 mmol/L tartaric acid (TA) without adjusting pH (pH 5.05) within 6.0 min and 3.0 min under UV light and real solar light irradiation, respectively. Besides, the photo-induced e− and radicals (O2•− and CO2•−) were found to play the momentous roles in the MS/TA/UVL/Cr(VI) system by the scavenger experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) tests. MS was also filled into a fixed-bed reactor to test the possibility of long-term Cr(VI) reduction operation in TA/UVL system. As expected, the results revealed that MS could still maintain 100% activity up to 60 h. These results demonstrated that MIL-88A(Fe) might be the potentially efficient catalyst for large-scale wastewater treatment in the near future.
MIL-88A(Fe)@sponge (MS) was synthesized via a facile dip-coating method to achieve the long-term photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction with the aid of tartaric acid. Display omitted
NH2-UiO-66@TCNQ composites (NUxTCy) were fabricated from NH2-UiO-66 and organic superconductor 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) by a green ball-milling method. The as-prepared optimum NU90TC10 ...demonstrated 100% photocatalytic Cr(vi) reduction at an initial concentration of 5 mg L−1 within 50 min under low-power ultraviolet (UV) light. All experiments confirmed that the introduction of low dosage TCNQ into NH2-UiO-66 could promote Cr(vi) elimination. The results of electron spin resonance (ESR) tests, photochemical Pt0 deposition and electrochemical experiments confirmed that the TCNQ superconductor could improve the photocatalytic Cr(vi) removal by accelerating the separation of charge carriers over NH2-UiO-66. The factors influencing the photocatalytic Cr(vi) elimination over NU90TC10, like pH, hole scavengers and foreign ions, were investigated. The NU90TC10 composite demonstrated excellent stability and practicability up to five cycles. This work provided a new photocatalyst candidate for boosted photocatalytic Cr(vi) elimination under low power LED light.
Hydroxyl modified UiO-66 ((OH)2-UiO-66-X%, X represents the mass content ratio of introduced 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid) was prepared via a solvothermal reaction between zirconium tetrachloride, ...benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (H2BDC), as well as 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (H2BDC-(OH)2). It was found that hydroxyl groups can act as the intramolecular hole scavenger to boost the photo-induced charge carrier separation to enhance Cr(VI) reduction. The photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction activities of (OH)2-UiO-66-X% were investigated upon the irradiation of low-power ultraviolet LED light. The findings demonstrated that (OH)2-UiO-66-20% with good cyclicity and stability exhibited superior photocatalytic performances to both UiO-66 and (OH)2-UiO-66. The introduction of hydroxyl groups can also extend the light absorption region to longer wavelength in visible range, which provides possibility for displaying photocatalytic activities under sunlight. The effect of small molecule organic acid (SOAs), pH value, and co-existing inorganic ions on photocatalytic performances of (OH)2-UiO-66-20% were investigated. Tartaric acid (TA) as typical SOAs was introduced to the reaction system to further boost the photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction via acting as hole scavenger, constructing charge-transfer-complex for quick electron transportation, and producing COO·- radicals. This work opened a new opportunity for modified MOFs for boosted elimination activities for environmental pollutants.
•Hydroxyl modified UiO-66 was successfully constructed with mixed ligands.•The introduced hydroxyl promoted the separation of the photo-induced charge carriers.•The tartaric acid boosted the Cr(VI) reduction resulted from the formed COO·-.•The possible mechanisms of Cr(VI) reduction in different systems were proposed.
PDF
