Two new lignans from Zanthoxylum armatum Sun, Yan; Zeng, Qing-Hong; Lu, Hui-Qiang ...
Natural product research,
07/2022, Letnik:
36, Številka:
13
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Zanthoxylum armatum, its peels possessed better special flavour, as well as various bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-tumour. In our chemical investigation on the ...peels of Z. armatum, two new lignans (1 and 2) and three known lignans (3-5) were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, ODS column and preparative HPLC and their structures were established as zanthlignans A and B (1-2), (-)-asarinin (3), phylligenin (4) and planispine A (5) through various spectroscopic techniques including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR and CD methods.
A simple hydrothermal route was used to synthesize a nanowire network of Zn(OH)F at 120 °C, which was transformed into porous nanowire ZnO with the same morphologies by calcination in air. These ...as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. Luminescent and photocatalytic properties of Zn(OH)F and ZnO were also studied. Zn(OH)F exhibited a strong and broad emission band centered at 417 nm. Porous ZnO nanowire networks were found to decompose organic dyes photocatalytically.
Objective
To investigate the midterm outcomes of unilateral pedicle screws combined with contralateral gunsight‐guided translaminar facet screw fixation and interbody fusion for treatment of ...single‐segment lower lumbar vertebral disease.
Methods
A total of 78 patients with various lower lumbar single‐segment vertebral diseases were treated in our department from January 2008 to December 2011. There were 21 males and 57 females, with an average age of 52.5 years, including lumbar disc degeneration (28 cases), local recurrence of lumbar disc herniation (9 cases), huge lumbar disc herniation (11 cases), lumbar disc herniation with spinal stenosis (13 cases), and lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (degree I) (17 cases). All patients were treated by unilateral pedicle screws in the median incision combined with contralateral gunsight‐guided translaminar facet screw fixation and interbody fusion.
Results No wound infection or skin necrosis around incision was observed after operation. No leakage of cerebrospinal fluid or nerve injury occurred during and after operation. Excepting 4 cases, 74 cases were followed up for 18–60 months, averaged 33.5 months. All but one patient (98.6%) received interbody fusion. The intervertebral height of the indexed level was well restored and maintained. At final follow‐up. During follow‐up, there was no screw loosening or pedicle fracture observed. No apparent degeneration of adjacent segments. The mean Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores was increased significantly from 12.79 ± 2.12 preoperatively to 25.8 ± 2.87 at the final follow‐up.
Conclusion
Unilateral pedicle screw fixation combined with contralateral translaminar facet screw fixation and interbody fusion showed good mid‐term outcomes in the treatment of single‐segment lower lumbar vertebral disease, and can be used as an optimal choice for fixation and fusion of some single‐segment lower lumbar vertebral diseases.
Wild (
and domestic silkworms (
) are good models for investigating insect domestication, as 5000 years of artificial breeding and selection have resulted in significant differences between
and
. In ...this study, we improved the genome assemblies to the chromosome level and updated the protein-coding gene annotations for
. Based on this updated genome, we identified 68 cytochrome P450 genes in
. The cytochrome P450 repository in
is smaller than in
. Certain currently unknown key genes, rather than gene number, are critical for insecticide resistance in
which shows greater resistance to insecticides than
. Based on the physical maps of
we located 66 cytochrome P450s on 18 different chromosomes, and 27 of the cytochrome P450 genes were concentrated into seven clusters. KEGG enrichment analysis of the P450 genes revealed the involvement of cytochrome P450 genes in hormone biosynthesis. Analyses of the silk gland transcriptome identified candidate cytochrome P450 genes (
) involved in ecdysteroidogenesis and insecticide metabolism in
.
The effect of cooling rate and finish cooling temperature after rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of X100 pipeline steel has been investigated by thermomechanical simulation ...experiment and hot rolling experiment. Also, microstructure and fracture morphology of X100 pipeline steel have been observed by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results reveal that finish cooling temperature and cooling rate can strongly affect the microstructure and mechanical properties of experimental steel. To obtain excellent mechanical properties of X100 pipeline steel successfully, the cooling process parameters should be carefully designed. For present instance, the optimal cooling processing schedule has been acquired: the cooling rate after rolling should be adopted in the range of 27–33 °C s−1 and the finish cooling temperature should be controlled within the temperature range 535–560 °C. High strength of X100 pipeline steel is from a mixture of bainitic ferrite laths with a mean width of 0.55 µm containing high‐density dislocations, dispersed fine M/A islands, and dispersed nano‐precipitates. Moreover, dispersed fine M/A islands and fine inclusions can effectively hinder crack propagation and improve the low‐temperature toughness of X100 pipeline steel.
The effects of cooling rate and finish cooling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of X100 pipeline steel have been investigated by thermo‐mechanical simulation experiment and hot rolling experiment. Meanwhile, the results reveal that the mixed microstructure consisting of fine bainitic ferrite lath, fine M/A islands, and dispersed precipitation play an important role in increasing the strength and toughness of X100 pipeline steel.
Azo-hydrazone and cis-trans tautomerisms have been firstly observed between two disperse yellow dyes (cis/trans-HL(1) and cis-HL(2)) and three neutral dye-metal complexes (one mononuclear Ni(II) ...complex 3 and two Cu(II) coordination polymers 4 and 5 formulated as Ni(trans-L(1))(2)(CH(3)OH)(2).2H(2)O, Cu(cis-L(1))(2)(n) and Cu(L(3))(H(2)O)(n)).
Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) pose a major safety concern for endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the risk and related factors of SICH after ...endovascular treatment in a real-world practice.
Patients with stroke treated with stent-like retrievers for recanalizing a blocked artery in anterior circulation were enrolled from 21 stroke centers in China. Intracranial hemorrhage was classified as symptomatic and asymptomatic ones according to Heidelberg Bleeding Classification. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors for SICH.
Of the 632 enrolled patients, 101 (16.0%) were diagnosed with SICH within 72 hours after endovascular treatment. Ninety-day mortality was higher in patients with SICH than in patients without SICH (65.3% versus 18.8%;
<0.001). On multivariate analysis, baseline neutrophil ratio >0.83 (odds ratio OR, 2.07; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.24-3.46), pretreatment Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score of <6 (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.24-4.14), stroke of cardioembolism type (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.13-3.25), poor collateral circulation (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.16-3.36), delay from symptoms onset to groin puncture >270 minutes (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.03-2.80), >3 passes with retriever (OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.40-4.65) were associated with SICH after endovascular treatment.
Incidence of SICH after thrombectomy is higher in Asian patients with acute ischemic stroke. Cardioembolic stroke, poor collateral circulation, delayed endovascular treatment, multiple passes with stent retriever device, lower pretreatment Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score, higher baseline neutrophil ratio may increase the risk of SICH.
A new 1,10‐phenanthroline (Phen) derivative, 3,8‐bis(5‐methylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐1,10‐phenanthroline (PHT1), has been synthesized and fully characterized including by single‐crystal X‐ray structure ...analysis. The electron‐donating effects of the two 5‐methylthiophene groups lead to distinctive fluorescence emission enhancement on complexation with Zn2+ compared with non‐emissive Phen. However, PHT1 shows stronger Zn2+‐sensing ability than 3,8‐bis(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐1,10‐phenanthroline (PHT0) or 3,8‐bis(3‐methylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐1,10‐phenanthroline (PHT2) and longer‐wavelength fluorescence emission (λem = 461 nm), which is vital for studies of living systems, mainly because of the lower steric hindrance and the electron‐donating effects of the 5‐methyl groups on the thiophene rings. More interestingly, PHT1 displays high selectivity towards Zn2+ over a broad range of pH and has an extremely low detection limit (5 ppb). An approximately 51‐fold Zn2+‐selective CHEF response has been attributed to the formation of a 1:2 metal–ligand complex, and the association equilibrium constant (Kass0) of Zn(PHT1)2(ClO4)2 was determined to be 3.4 × 1012. Anionic effects and variations in the 1H NMR spectra before and after zinc(II) ion complextion were observed. Moreover, the ability of probe PHT1 to sense Zn2+ within living HL‐60, yeast, and HepG‐2 cells has been explored, and the Zn2+‐probing process in living cells was found to be reversible with a zinc chelator solution of N,N,N′,N′‐tetrakis(2‐pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN).
A new 1,10‐phenanthroline derivative, 3,8‐bis(5‐methylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐1,10‐phenanthroline (PHT1), which displays high selectivity and sensitivity towards Zn2+, has been synthesized and characterized. The ability of PHT1 to sense Zn2+ within living cells has been investigated in living HL‐60, yeast, and HepG‐2 cells.
Abstract Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor widely used for treating depression. However, fluoxetine treatment may lead to seizures at higher doses, which underlying mechanism ...remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of fluoxetine on glycine receptor (GlyR) activity. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp recording method, we found that fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine inhibited glycine-induced currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. This inhibition was dose-dependent, and voltage-independent. Fluoxetine shifted the glycine concentration–response curve to the right without altering the maximal current. Both Lineweaver–Burk and Schild plots suggest competitive inhibition. The amount of fluoxetine inhibition significantly increased when homomeric GlyRs were selectively inhibited with picrotoxin. Moreover, fluoxetine inhibited the current mediated by heteromeric α2β- but not homomeric α2-GlyRs transiently expressed in HEK293T cells. These results suggest that fluoxetine is a competitive and subtype-selective GlyR inhibitor, which may explain its capacity to induce seizures.
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