This study aims to provide a descriptive analysis of the essential characteristics and demographic profiles, including age, weight, height, body mass index, marital status, and educational background ...in patients with chronic vulvar discomfort. The data were collected from the study DATRIV (Diagnostic Accuracy of Three Rings Vulvoscopy), which included 328 participants divided into four groups: normal vulva, impaired vulvar skin, primary vulvar distress/vulvodynia, and secondary discomfort caused by vulvar dermatoses. The clinical data collected from the study questionnaire were analyzed using statistical software such as StatSoft (Dell, Austin, TX, USA), Statistica 12 (TIBCO®, Palo Alto, CA, USA), and SPSS 20 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). The study was conducted with the approval of the Institutional Review Board of Polyclinic Harni, and all participants provided written informed consent. The findings from the DATRIV study shed light on several important aspects of chronic vulvar discomfort. They offered valuable insights into the demographic and reproductive characteristics of patients with chronic vulvar pain, specifically vulvar dermatosis. The study revealed that patients with vulvar dermatosis tended to be older, with a peak incidence in the 45-65 age range. They also had higher weight and BMI compared to other groups. There was a significant difference in the proportion of patients of reproductive age between the vulvar dermatosis group and other groups. Additionally, the vulvar dermatosis group had higher rates of marriage, births, and abortions and lower educational levels. The study's limitations included lacking patients younger than 16 years. Future research should aim to include a broader age range, including pediatric populations, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of vulvar dermatosis across different age groups. Further investigation is needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms and establish causal relationships, enhancing diagnosis, treatment, and support for individuals affected by vulvar dermatosis.
Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by Sertolli cells of the testes and granulosa cells of the ovaries. Recent studies have indicated that AMH may be a novel measure of ovarian reserve. Also, ...earlier reports have presented minimal fluctuations ofAMH levels throughout the menstrual cycle. The aim of this preliminary study was to demonstrate the relation of serum AMH levels and age in women with regular menstrual cycles and normal hormonal regulation of ovarian function. The study included 35 women divided into two groups of women aged 30 or younger and those older than 30. Hormone concentrations were assessed by measurements of lutropin (LH), follitropin (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and AMH on cycle day 3-5 (follicular phase); and LH, FSH and E2 on cycle day 13-15 (ovulation). Progesterone level was determined on cycle day 19-23 (luteal phase). Median age differed significantly between the two groups of study subjects (P = 0.001). Study results confirmed regular ovarian response to physiological gonadotropin stimulation, which is the assumption for normo-ovulatory cycles. Some decrease in the mean serum AMH levels was recorded in women over 30 years of age, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.0693). There was no statistically significant difference in serum AMH concentrations between follicular phase and ovulation in study women (P = 0.3124). Our preliminary results, although obtained in a limited number of women, support the diagnostic value of AMH as a reliable marker of ovarian reserve.
Gotovo punih 150 godina bilo je potrebno da bi se od otkrića kucaja čedinjeg srca stvorili tehnički preduvjeti za razvitak kardiotokografije – kontinuiranog i istodobnog bilježenja fetalne srčane ...frekvencije i trudova. Daljnje sazrijevanje znanstvene misli i razumijevanje CTG zapisa rezultiralo je nastankom različitih shema, indeksa i zbrojeva za ¬procjenu nalaza. FIGO smjernice objavljene koncem 80-ih godina prošlog stoljeća, omogućuju objektivnu procjenu CTG zapisa, uporabu jedinstvenih definicija, smanjenje razlika u »inter- i intraobserver« tumačenjima nalaza, te upućuju na daljnje dijagnostičke i terapeutske postupke. Ove smjernice u redovitoj su primjeni i u svim našim klinikama i bolnicama, ali nažalost o tome nije zadnjih 15 godina objavljivano. Smatramo da rastuća prava pacijenata, kao i povećana pravna ¬odgovornost liječnika prioritetnom nameću i Hrvatskom društvu za perinatologiju izradu jedinstvenih pismenih smjernica za ante- i intrapartalnu kardiotokografiju.
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the primary risk factor for developing cervical carcinoma. Hybrid capture II HPV Test (HCII) is a standardized test for molecular detection of HPV DNA in ...cervical swabs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the HCII when used in combination with conventional cytology in a group of 171 women who were followed-up with both, cytology and molecular testing for 3 years. At the end of the study, only women positive for high-risk HPV at baseline had retained or worsened cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). In most women who were negative for high-risk HPV, CIN had resolved within 3 years. These results are in concordance with earlier studies reporting the highly negative predictive value of high-risk HPV testing. Both cytology and high-risk HPV testing provide significant clinical information on the current cervical status of a woman. They should be used in combination for primary screening of CIN, which will provide a more selective and cost-effective follow-up.
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been shown to be the major risk factor for the development of cervical carcinoma, the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Cervical cytology has ...been the main screening tool for detection of premalignant lesions in last 50 years.
Objective: The utility of a molecular assay for detection of HPV in cervical smears was evaluated. Study design: A total of 466 women with minor-grade cervical cytology abnormality supposed to be produced by HPV were included. Patients were classified into three groups: Patients with reactive changes, patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN 1), and patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN 2). In all patients, another cervical swab was obtained and tested for the HPV genome using the Digene Hybrid Capture II. This assay is able to distinguish between high-risk and low-risk HPV types.
Results: Based on cytology results, 44 patients showed reactive changes, 250 patients displayed CIN 1, and 172 patients displayed CIN 2. With the molecular assay, HPV was detected in 289/466 (62%) patients. The high-risk HPV type was present in 263 (56.4%) patients and the low-risk type in 26 (5,5%) patients. In 25% of patients with reactive changes, the HPV genome was detected. Corresponding rates for patients with CIN 1 and CIN 2 were 55 and 81%, respectively.
Conclusion: Molecular detection of HPV should additionally be used to cytology in patients whose cervical smears display reactive changes, CIN 1, or CIN 2. The employed assay allows identification of patients who are at risk for development of high-grade cervical lesions.
Hans Hinselmann, njemački ginekolog koji je svoj cijeli život posvetio ginekologiji i onkologiji, svjetski ugled je stekao otkrićem kolposkopije. Tijekom drugog svjetskog rata provodio je prisilne ...sterilizacije prema važećem Zakonu o sterilizaciji u Trećem Reichu. Po završetku rata mu je suđeno, te je proveo 3 godine u zatvoru. Rehabilitiran je i denacificiran 1949. godine, nakon čega nastavlja raditi u privatnoj kolposkopskoj ordinaciji. Umro je 1959. godine u Hamburgu.
