This text, dealing with the private confinement of the mentally ill at home, or shitaku kanchi, has often been referred to as a ‘classic text’ in the history of Japanese psychiatry. Shitaku kanchi ...was one of the most prevalent methods of treating mental disorders in early twentieth-century Japan. Under the guidance of Kure Shūzō (1865–1932), Kure’s assistants at Tokyo University inspected a total of 364 rooms of shitaku kanchi across Japan between 1910 and 1916. This text was published as their final report in 1918. The text also refers to traditional healing practices for mental illnesses found throughout the country. Its abundant descriptions aroused the interest of experts of various disciplines.
There are several reports of
d
-amino acids being the causative molecules of serious diseases, resulting in the formation of, for example, prion protein and amyloid β.
d
-Amino acids in peptides and ...proteins are typically identified by sequencing each residue by Edman degradation or by hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid for amino acid analysis. However, these approaches can result in racemization of the
l
-form to the
d
-form by hydrolysis and long pre-treatment for hydrolysis. To address these problems, we aimed to identify the
dl
-forms of amino acids in peptides without hydrolysis. Here, we showed that the
dl
-forms in peptides which are difficult to separate on a chiral column can be precisely separated by labeling with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-
d
-leucine-
N
,
N
-dimethylethylenediamine-amide (
d
-FDLDA). Additionally, the peptides could be quantitatively analyzed using the same labeling method as for amino acids. Furthermore, the detection sensitivity of a sample labeled with
d
-FDLDA was higher than that of the conventional reagents
Nα
-(5-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl)-
l
-alaninamide (
l
-FDAA) and
Nα
-(5-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl)-
l
-leucinamide (
l
-FDLA) used in Marfey’s method. The proposed method for identifying
dl
-forms of amino acids in peptides is a powerful tool for use in organic chemistry, biochemistry, and medical science.
Graphical abstract
Although uveitis is reported as a rare adverse event (AE) associated with dabrafenib/trametinib therapy or nivolumab, the occurrence of severe uveitis is extremely rare. We describe two cases of ...Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH)‐like uveitis developing after the sequential administration of nivolumab and dabrafenib/trametinib therapy. Interestingly, both cases had HLA‐DRB1*04:05, which is strongly associated with VKH disease, and achieved biologically complete remission after the treatment for uveitis. Our cases suggest a possible correlation between VKH‐like uveitis as an AE and the clinical outcomes of sequential administration of nivolumab and dabrafenib/trametinib therapy for the treatment of advanced melanoma.
Antherospora vaillantii
is an anther smut fungus that was originally considered occurring on
Muscari
spp. around the world; however, cryptic species were revealed during recent taxonomic ...investigations, thus emphasizing the importance of host specificity. In Japan,
A. vaillantii
was identified on
Barnardia japonica
in 1936. Although the recent revelations indicate that it may be part of a complex based on the host plant genus, the phylogenetic placement of this Japanese species is currently unresolved. In this investigation, seven specimens of the
A. vaillantii
complex were collected from the Kanto area of Japan, and six new single teliospore isolates were established. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer sequences and large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (28S) region indicated that the new samples formed a monophyletic clade with other
Antherospora
spp. among
Floromycetaceae
lineage. Our samples were separated from other known species of
Antherospora
and formed a robust monophyletic clade in any analysis. Detailed morphological observations revealed that the new samples could be distinguished from other known
Antherospora
species. As a result, it is proposed that
Antherospora barnardiae
can accommodate
B. japonica
parasites.
This article deals with the critical history of German and Japanese psychiatrists who dreamed of a ‘German world’ that would cross borders. It analyses their discourse, not only by looking at their ...biographical backgrounds, but also by examining them in a wider context linked to German academic predominance and cultural propaganda before World War II. By focusing on Wilhelm Stieda, Wilhelm Weygandt and Kure Shuzo, the article shows that the positive evaluation of Japanese psychiatry by the two Germans encouraged Kure, who was eager to modernize the treatment of and institutions for the mentally ill in Japan. Their statements on Japanese psychiatry reflect their ideological and historical framework, with reference to national/ethnic identity, academic position, and the relationship between Germany and Japan.
Abstract
Background
The number of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) performed for patients undergoing dialysis is increasing. However, there are few reports of cementless THA for patients undergoing ...dialysis. This study investigated the mid-term to long-term results of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated cementless THA for dialysis patients.
Methods
This single-center, retrospective study enrolled dialysis patients undergoing primary HA-coated cementless THA. A total of 24 patients (30 hips) were included in the final analyses. The Harris hip score and radiographic results were assessed preoperatively and during the final follow-up examination. Postoperative complications and mortality rates were recorded. The mean follow-up period was 109 months (range, 60–216 months).
Results
The total Harris hip score significantly improved from 40 to 84 points. The overall cumulative survival rates with revision as the endpoint were 100% at 5 years and 90.4% at both 10 and 15 years. Stress shielding was observed in 24 hips (80%). No deaths were related to the primary THA. Complications included periprosthetic fracture for one patient (3.3%), blood transfusion for nine patients (30%), shunt blockage for two patients (6.7%), deep infection for one patient (3.3%), and dislocation for two patients (6.7%).
Conclusions
HA-coated cementless THA resulted in good mid-term outcomes for patients undergoing dialysis with no mortality risk. However, the procedure involved a relatively high perioperative risk of blood transfusion.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A new genus, Brevicollum, is established for two new species, B. hyalosporum on Syzygium samarangense and B. versicolor on Volkameria inermis, in Japan. This genus is characterized by the presence of ...immersed ascomata with an excentric to central, short cylindrical ostiolar neck, thin ascomatal wall, clavate asci with a shallow ocular chamber, and broadly fusiform, hyaline to pale brown ascospores with a sheath. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on a combined data set of sequences of 18S and 28S nuc rDNA genes and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) revealed that Brevicollum is a member of Neohendersoniaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). The genera Brevicollum, Crassiparies, Medicopsis, and Neohendersonia are accepted in Neohendersoniaceae. Revised descriptions of Crassiparies and its type species, C. quadrisporus, are provided based on the holotype and a newly obtained specimen and isolate. An asexual morph of C. quadrisporus is reported for the first time. The nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) phylogenetic tree of the newly collected species (B. hyalosporum, B. versicolor, and C. quadrisporus), and the unnamed or provisionally identified endophytic species, suggests a broader distribution of Brevicollum and Crassiparies species.
Objectives. This study investigated the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and several factors, including pain assessments, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. This ...cross-sectional, single-center study enrolled 85 patients with RA. The variables investigated included demographic characteristics, the 28-joint disease activity score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ), pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ), and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS). QOL was measured using the Japanese validated version of the European Quality of Life questionnaire with five dimensions and five levels (EQ-5D-5L). Results. The use of oral steroids and oral analgesics was significantly associated with low EQ-5D-5L scores (P<0.05). EQ-5D-5L score had a significant positive association with PSEQ (r = 0.414) and significant negative association with age, disease duration, DAS28-CRP, PDQ, and PCS (r = −0.217, −0.343, −0.217, −0.277, and −0.384, respectively). Multiple regression analysis showed that the use of oral analgesics and PSEQ were independent predictors of EQ-5D-5L score (β = -0.248, P<0.05 and β = 0.233, P<0.05). Conclusions. The use of oral analgesics by RA patients may influence their QOL, which, in turn, may affect their feelings of self-efficacy. Various pain management strategies, including surgical treatment, may be explored for the treatment of RA. Furthermore, the PSEQ may be a prominent part of the patient’s overall assessment.
Abstract
Introduction: Capicua transcriptional repressor (CIC)-DUX4 rearranged sarcoma is a subtype of CIC-rearranged sarcomas composed of undifferentiated Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1)+, CD99+ round cells ...with recurrent CIC gene rearrangement. The diagnosis of CIC-rearranged sarcoma remains challenging, and the prognosis of CIC-rearranged sarcomas is poor. Case Presentation: In this report, we described a case of CIC-DUX4 rearranged sarcoma presenting in the skin, expressing WT1 and CD99 in a dot-like pattern. In addition, the assessment of genomic alterations using genome panel testing was useful to confirm the accurate diagnosis. Conclusion: Our present case suggests that widespread use of genomic panel testing in the future may lead to early treatment and improve the prognosis of CIC-rearranged sarcomas.
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