The need for much better data rate in support for the applications having the high speed has gathered the attention to the development of Free space Optical communication technology (FSO). But the ...widespread usage of this technology is restrained by the several ill effects caused by the atmosphere on the propagation of optical signals. In order to mitigate such problems in the FSO communication, relay assistance has been employed and this serves the alternative to the spatial diversity. Free space optical (FSO) communication is a cost-effective and high bandwidth access technique, which has been receiving attention to recent commercialization successes. FSO get affected by the weather turbulence and it leads to severe problems in the transmission channels. In this paper, we proposed the Centralized Relay selection and Optical Filtering (CROF) for processing the signals in the FSO system which overcomes the environmental challenges. Initially, an effective relay is selected with the centralized switch and stay algorithm. This algorithm selects suitable relay for serial path transmission. Here, the serial path is considered for signal transmission in a free path and the distributed Greedy algorithm with serial transmission is utilized to obtain more information. Then atmospheric turbulence induced scintillation noise presented at the signal is eliminated through modified Kalman filtering. Finally, the performance of the proposed FSO system is evaluated in MATLAB simulation platform and these evaluations are analyzed for different atmospheric conditions like fog, haze, rain and clear weather. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the non-cooperative scheme and an existing relay selection protocol and reliable communication with improved SNR and BER is achieved.
The present age is the age of information. The globalization has affected every sphere of the life including education. In spite of availability of ICT infrastructure in schools, their potential is ...underutilized because of digital incompetence of the teachers. New digital technologies are acting as a catalyst towards improvement of learning outcome and enhancing quality of education, but only introduction of such technologies in schools for producing change and innovation is not enough, it requires digitally competent teachers to facilitate the use of ICT in education. These teachers will act as facilitators and mentors to students to lead them towards problem solving and innovation to meet the new challenges of globalization. Teachers must be able to create learning environments which are student centric and foster creativity, Meta cognition, meta-literacy, collaboration and communication in learners. Mere superficial use of ICT in teaching will not yield the required learning outcome, but the integration of ICT in pedagogy is important to enhance teaching, learning process. This can be done only when teachers are competent enough to use ICT tools and facilitate ICT integrated education. In this paper, we tried to assess the teacher’s perspective about the ICT and investigate the factors responsible for resistance of teachers in using ICT in schools and suggestive measures for successful integration of ICT in the teaching process by the teachers of Rajouri district (J&K, India). The ICT skills are very important for teachers to support alternative modes of teaching, learning, i.e. e-learning, mobile learning in the present outbreak of pandemic disease caused by Coronavirus-COVID19.
Mobile Learning: An Approach to Improve the Quantity of Educational Attainment in Conflict Hit Areas Like J&K The days are gone when mobile was considered a big distraction in the study. We can make ...best use of mobile in achieving educational attributes by improving both quantity and quality of education and this approach is simply called mobile learning. This paper presents an outlook of making best use of mobile learning to increase the educational attainment, especially in conflict hit areas, where strikes, curfew and processions, demonstrations become the hurdle in the normal working hours in the educational system. Here we have taken an example of Jammu and Kashmir, where the security climate is vulnerable from last more than thirty years and peace is a major concern at present. In this situation a fear among the student community to go schools has risen to a level, which ultimately affects the education system badly. In most of the cases, the syllabus is not completed in the schools due to shortage of effective class hours. To tackle this situation, the mobile learning could be the best remedial measure to address this issue.
The objective of achieving profitability is one of the main targets of any banking sector for longer sustainable existence. The customer satisfaction index determines the longevity in relation of ...customerbank and thereby provides the idea of devising new policies and strategies for healthy connection of customers with the bank. Offering the services and products to the customer based on his choice and needs requires understanding the customer. The customer data available in the bank can provide the deep insights to the bank for designing the customized service and products. Deriving useful information from customer data using data mining techniques is of paramount importance in these days. Leveraging existing granular customer data can help banks gain deep actionable customer insights useful to understand the customers and to reveal and unlock opportunities for increasing profitability .customer segmentation and profiling are vital in achieving two main objectives of CRM(Customer Relationship Management)i.e.; customer retention and customer development. The main aims of customer profiling and segmentation include expanding customer base, design of tailor made products, micro targeting of sales, aligning right channels for right products, increasing effectiveness of cross selling and upselling, enhanced customer experience by focused customer relationship, prioritizing relationship with high value customers, effectively managing cost with low value customers based on the profiling and segmentation of customers. In this paper we are using data mining techniques i.e. Naïve Bayes classification algorithm for customer profiling and BIRCH clustering algorithm for customer segmentation
The prerequisite for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an electrode material that offers high electric conductivity, fast ion transport, and large surface area. Monodispersed cobalt ...ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles have been successfully assembled on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by an ultra-sonication assisted route at room temperature. The dispersion has been carried out through a dispersive media (i.e. Toluene) for the formation of (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids. These (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids exhibit excellent electrochemical performance at different current densities. As anode materials for LIBs, these (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids deliver a high specific capacity of 1370 mAhg−1, which is much higher than CoFe2O4 (1060 mAhg−1) nanoparticles and superior cyclic stability (1015 mAhg−1) after 25 cycles at 0.2 C-rate. These MWCNTs serve as good electron conductors and volume buffers in improving the lithium performance of (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids during the discharge and charge process. Furthermore, these nanohybrids have shown high rate capability (640 mAhg−1) at 2.0 A g-1 that returns to the initial capacity of 970 mAhg−1 at 0.1 A g-1 after 30 cycles with Columbic efficiency above 97%. This work offers an easy, large-scale, and low-cost route to produce high electrochemical performance anode materials for LIBs.
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•(MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids were prepared using ultra-sonicated assisted route.•Toluene was used for the first time as dispersive medium for these nanohybrids.•Improvement in electrochemical properties of was evident with increasing MWCNTs contents.•High rate-capacity, superior cycling stability and enhanced Columbic efficiency were observed.•These nanohybrids can be the promising candidates for anode materials of Lithium-ion batteries.
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