Under the COVID-19 pandemic, mathematics education has moved completely online. To tackle this new norm based on bio-eco-techno theories, this study aims to provide educators an overview of the ...research landscape for envisioning educational practices through bibliometric analysis of 319 articles and reviews published in peer-reviewed journals from 1993 to 2020. Country and institutional co-authorship depicts the social network structure of the field to identify top productive contributors. Bibliographic coupling of publications forms the conceptual structure, revealing research themes. Together, the results are mapped according to the bio-eco-techno perspective. The bioecological system highlights student achievement as the central concerns. The microsystem emphasizes techno-subsystems for supporting flipped learning. The exosystem and mesosystem require institution support for teacher pedagogical design, digital competencies, and collaboration. The macrosystem raises the issue of distribution or centralization in the strengths of online mathematics education and calls for greater cross-national boundary digital use and collaboration. The chronosystem asks: Does Covid-19 force the popularity of blended or flipped learning into online education? Based on the bio-eco-techno perspective, further recommendations are provided.
AbstractAs technology use has become the norm in education, this bibliometric analysis of technology-enhanced language learning (TELL) aims to reveal its current state-of-the-art and emerging trends. ...Analysis of 1,816 publications (1,745 articles and 71 reviews) from Web of Science demonstrated growing interests in the field and core publications in the field. Bibliographic coupling identified eight research fronts, with a particular emphasis on the established flipped learning (FL) pedagogy and expanding influence of mobile assisted language learning (MALL) and digital game-based learning (DGBL). These approaches are at the forefront in shaping English language skill acquisition, especially in writing, with the rise of technology multimodality and informal digital learning as nascent yet significant areas for future research. Anchored in the bioecological model, the research highlights the integral role of student outcomes across various competencies influenced by systemic factors. The study stresses the necessity for education stakeholders to blend technology with pedagogical strategies, a need further accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study’s major contribution lies in its comprehensive synthesis of TELL’s current landscape and for both future research and education endeavours in the field of English TELL.
This study explored the impact of the fully implementing an English e-learning course on students' learning performance. Technology acceptance model was used to examine the factors influencing ...students' attitudes and learning performance. A sample of 1,949 students was collected. Structural equation modeling was employed for data analysis. The authors found that subjective norm, system accessibility, and e-learning self-efficacy positively affected the students' attitudes and behavioural intentions through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. The students' behavioural intention was positively related to learning performance. The students with higher English proficiency would lead to a stronger subjective norm-perceived usefulness relation, while a lower English proficiency would lead to a stronger relationship between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.
This study aims to build a framework for affect-focused (or affective) mathematical teaching (AMT), while promoting higher-order mathematical learning (e.g., pattern finding and deep understanding). ...The data sources were the class mathematics grounding activity designed by Taiwan’s mathematics educators, aiming to enhance students’ affective performances in learning mathematics with a theoretical base on the enactivist perspective. Qualitative methodology identified features of affective mathematics teaching and formed a framework for AMT, which defines AMT as transforming natural languages to mathematical languages, highlighting student agenda of upward learning (interest, sense, utter, and present), met by teacher agenda of caring (cultivate, amuse, reflect, and explain). Finally, the enactivist embodiment activities are embedded in the pedagogical structure of 4E phases: entry, entertainment, enlightenment, and enrichment. Affect and cognition interplay in each phase.
碩士
國立臺灣大學
企業管理碩士專班
101
1.Executive Summary
1.1 Background
The WU Extension School Language Program has been in operation for more than two decades, with investment in a new headquarter featuring ...state-of-the-art classrooms and facilities. However, the language program has enjoyed limited success and repute, with sporadic classes, outdated online information, and unspecified strategy in its operation and objectives.
1.2 Business Objective
The language program of the extension school may reorganize its course offerings by leveraging the resources available and reestablish a basic and consistent ‘product line’ of courses. The initial two stages targets consumers who are already or should be aware of the center’s presence. Finally, the third stage sets the financial and student enrollment quota for the center. Achieving these tasks serve as the basic foundation for the center to compete in the general language instruction market.
Abstract
We report on the effective passivation of cut edges of n-type (100) crystalline silicon by forming thin oxide layers achieved by heat treatment in liquid water at 90 °C for 2 h followed by ...heating in an air atmosphere at 300 °C for 1 h. The mechanical cut with the (110) oriented cleaved edge markedly decreased the photo-induced effective minority carrier lifetime
τ
eff
to 6.9 × 10
−4
s, which was 0.22 times the initial value of 3.2 × 10
−3
s, and which was maintained by the region 0.5 cm away from the edge. The present passivation treatment resulted in the reduction of
τ
eff
to 0.43, with
τ
eff
values of 4.0 × 10
−4
s at the edge and 9.4 × 10
−4
s at 0.2 cm from the edge. The analysis with a simple model of carrier diffusion in the lateral direction resulted in the recombination velocity at the cut edge, which was initially higher than 2000 cm s
−1
, being decreased to 50 cm s
−1
by the present treatment, while the recombination velocity at the sample surface was increased from 8 (initial) to 46 cm s
−1
, probably due to the field-induced depletion effect.
Activation and carrier generation are reported in the case of phosphorus implantation with a dose of 2.0 × 10
15
cm
−2
at 70 keV to crystalline silicon substrates under heating ranging from 200 to ...500 °C. The analysis of the optical reflectivity spectra of implanted surfaces revealed that the effective amorphized thickness was low of 2.9 nm in the case of 200 °C-phosphorus implantation, while it was large of 140 nm for implantation at room temperature. The carrier density par unit area increased from 6.9 × 10
13
to 4.8 × 10
14
cm
−2
and the photo-induced minority carrier effective lifetime increased from 2.2 × 10
−6
to 1.6 × 10
−4
s as the implantation temperature increased from 200 to 500 °C. Defect reduction with 1.3 MPa H
2
O vapor heating at 250 °C for 3 h increased the carrier density par unit area of the 200 °C-phosphorus-implanted sample to 2.7 × 10
14
cm
−2
. The rectified characteristics were obtained by current–voltage measurement in the case of phosphorus implantation to p-type silicon substrate. Photovoltaic effect was also observed. These results show that the ion implantation under low temperature heating has a capability of p–n junction formation.
We report connection conductivity (
C
c
) of adhesive which including
In
2
O
3
–
SnO
2
(ITO) particles developed for fabrication of stacked-type-multi-junction solar cells. The commercial 20-
μ
m ...sized ITO particles were heated in vacuum at temperature ranging from 800 to 1,300
∘
C
for 10 min to increase
C
c
. 6.2 wt% ITO particles were dispersed in commercial Cemedine adhesive gel to form 100 samples structured with n-type Si/adhesive/n-type Si (n-Si sample) and p-type Si/adhesive/p-type Si (p-Si sample). Current density as a function of voltage (J–V) characteristics gave
C
c
. It ranged from 4.3 to 1.0 S/cm
2
for the n-Si sample with 800
∘
C
heat-treated ITO particles. Its standard deviation was 0.59 S/cm
2
. On the other hand, it ranged from 2.0 to 0.6 S/cm
2
for the p-Si sample with 800
∘
C
heat-treated ITO particles. Its standard deviation was 0.22 S/cm
2
. The distribution of
C
c
mainly resulted from contact efficiency of ITO particles to substrate. We theoretically estimated that present
C
c
achieved a low loss of the power conversion efficiency (
E
ff
) lower than 0.3 % in the application of fabrication of multi-junction solar cell with an intrinsic
E
ff
of 30 % and an open circuit voltage above 1.9 V.
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•We developed a novel method to detect modified nucleosides by combining a new ion source (UniSpray) with UHPLC-MS/MS.•UniSpray could detect nucleosides with higher sensitivity than ...ESI.•This method was capable of detecting 46 kinds of modified nucleosides simultaneously in 15 min.•The LOQ of this method was between 10 fg and 5 pg for 46 different nucleosides.•Nucleosides in RNA extracted from the mouse tissues and NSCLC specimens were measured by developed method.
There are more than 150 types of naturally occurring modified nucleosides, which are believed to be involved in various biological processes. Recently, an ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) technique has been developed to measure low levels of modified nucleosides. A comprehensive analysis of modified nucleosides will lead to a better understanding of intracellular ribonucleic acid modification, but this analysis requires high-sensitivity measurements. In this perspective, we established a highly sensitive and quantitative method using the newly developed ion source, UniSpray. A mass spectrometer was used with a UniSpray source in positive ion mode. Our UHPLC-UniSpray-MS/MS methodology separated and detected the four major nucleosides, 42 modified nucleosides, and dG15N5 (internal standard) in 15 min. The UniSpray method provided good correlation coefficients (>0.99) for all analyzed nucleosides, and a wide range of linearity for 35 of the 46 nucleosides. Additionally, the accuracy and precision values satisfied the criteria of <15% for higher concentrations and <20% for the lowest concentrations of all nucleosides. We also investigated whether this method could measure nucleosides in biological samples using mouse tissues and non-small cell lung cancer clinical specimens. We were able to detect 43 and 31 different modified nucleosides from mouse and clinical tissues, respectively. We also found significant differences in the levels of N6-methyl-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (m6t6A), 1-methylinosine (m1I), 2′-O-methylcytidine (Cm), 5-carbamoylmethyluridine (ncm5U), 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine (mcm5S2U), and 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2′-O-methyluridine (mcm5Um) between cancerous and noncancerous tissues. In conclusion, we developed a highly sensitive methodology using UHPLC-UniSpray-MS/MS to simultaneously detect and quantify modified nucleosides, which can be used for analysis of biological samples.
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