Sub-Saharan African immigrant (SSAI) men have significant influence on the health-seeking behavior including cervical cancer screening uptake by their female partners/wives. We conducted a ...qualitative descriptive study with 21 SSAI men to explore knowledge, perceptions, and support related to cervical screening. Participants were aged 36 ± 9 years, college educated (88%), and 53% have lived in the U.S. > 5 years. Three themes emerged; inadequate cervical cancer knowledge, willingness and strategies for support, and shared versus autonomous decision making for screening. Social structure with emphasis on male leadership could be leveraged in cervical cancer screening promotion for SSAI women.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
African American adults suffer disproportionately from obesity-related chronic diseases, particularly at younger ages. In order to close the gap in these health disparities, efforts to develop and ...test culturally appropriate interventions are critical.
A PRISMA-guided systematic review was conducted to identify and critically evaluate health promotion interventions for African Americans delivered in barbershops and hair salons. Subject headings and keywords used to search for synonyms of 'barbershops,' 'hair salons,' and 'African Americans' identified all relevant articles (from inception onwards) from six databases: Academic Search Ultimate, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science (Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index). Experimental and quasi-experimental studies for adult (> 18 years) African Americans delivered in barbershops and hair salons that evaluated interventions focused on risk reduction/management of obesity-related chronic disease: cardiovascular disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes were included. Analyses were conducted in 2020.
Fourteen studies met criteria for inclusion. Ten studies hosted interventions in a barbershop setting while four took place in hair salons. There was substantial variability among interventions and outcomes with cancer the most commonly studied disease state (n = 7; 50%), followed by hypertension (n = 5; 35.7%). Most reported outcomes were focused on behavior change (n = 10) with only four studies reporting clinical outcomes.
Health promotion interventions delivered in barbershops/hair salons show promise for meeting cancer screening recommendations and managing hypertension in African Americans. More studies are needed that focus on diabetes and obesity and utilize the hair salon as a site for intervention delivery.
PROSPERO CRD42020159050 .
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
American Indians (AI) experience major colorectal cancer (CRC) screening disparities with commensurate inequity in CRC mortality and other outcomes. The purpose of this report is to describe the ...methods and early results of adapting a previously successful intervention for the AI community.
The educational content and delivery strategy of the parent intervention were adapted for AIs guided by an adaptation framework and cultural consultations with the community and clinicians. As part of the environmental scanning, we identified the need to substantively revise our data entry, collection, and tracking system and develop a REDCap database for this purpose. In this study, we staggered the implementation of the intervention in each facility to inform the process from one clinic to the next, and assess both the clinical outcomes of the tailored intervention and the implementation processes across two clinic settings, Facilities A and B.
The REDCap database is an indispensable asset, and without it we would not have been able to obtain reliable aggregate screening data while improvements to facility electronic health records are in progress. Approximately 8% (n = 678) of screening-eligible patients have been exposed to the navigator intervention. Of those exposed to the navigator intervention, 37% completed screening.
With the small numbers of patients exposed so far to the intervention, it would be premature to draw any broad conclusions yet about intervention effects. However, early screening completion rates are substantial advances on existing rates, and we have demonstrated that a tailored navigator intervention for facilitating CRC screening was readily adapted with provider and community input for application to AIs. A REDCap database for tracking of CRC screening by navigators using tablets or laptops on- or offline is easy to use and allows for generation of aggregate, anonymized screening data.
There was no health intervention meeting the criteria of a clinical trial. The University of Arizona Institutional Review Board granted exemption from obtaining informed consent from patients undergoing CRC screening after administration of the tailored navigation intervention as usual care.
Lay health workers (LHWs) have been effective in delivering health promotion to underserved, vulnerable populations. Hair stylists are well positioned to serve as LHWs in addressing health ...disparities among Black women in the U.S. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the extent to which hair stylists influence their Black female clients and clients’ preferences for their stylist’s role in salon-based health promotion programming. Eight virtual platform focus groups were conducted with Black women (n = 39) who receive hair care services from a licensed hair stylist across the U.S. Most participants had a college degree (89.8%), health insurance (92.3%), a primary care provider (89.7%), and the majority had at least one chronic disease (56.4%). Participants reported higher potential for influence related to level of trust in the stylists and for stylists they find relatable and credible. Trust, relatability, and credibility were further determined by racial and gender congruence. Client interviewees felt stylists should model healthy behaviors and reported they may not be receptive to stylist-delivered health promotion out of the context of a hair-health connection. In this sample of well-educated clients, there was an expressed preference for stylists to provide referral to healthcare professionals or solicit experts for health topics out of the scope of haircare rather than guide the health promotion efforts themselves. Findings from this study can inform future development of acceptable salon-based, stylist-led health promotion programs that partner stylists with health experts to deliver health promotion.
This qualitative study assessed stylists' and clients’ perceptions of the physical, cultural, and social constructs within the settings approach theory to inform health promotion intervention ...development in salon settings serving Black women. Stylists (n = 30) were predominantly Black (96.7%), women (83.3%); clients (n = 39) were well-educated (89.8% with college degree). There was concordance that the physical environment poses challenges to healthy eating; the social environment facilitates information exchange and social support; and the cultural environment embodies a “safe” space for Black women. These results further support the “Black” salon as a viable setting for health promotion education and interventions.
•Occupational hazards may inhibit stylists from engaging in health promotion.•“Open” salons offer greater reach; “single suite” salons offer greater privacy.•The Black salon is highly interactive extending beyond the salon into social media.•The Black salon is a “safe” space and source of social support for Black women.
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer screening disparity puts sub-Saharan African immigrant women at an increased risk for development of invasive cervical cancer. Several studies have identified ...various factors influencing cervical cancer screening use among sub-Saharan African immigrants in the United States. One of such factors is the role of spousal support; African men are often the gatekeepers of health for their families and have significant influence on the health-seeking behavior of their wives/female partners. However, limited research exists on men's knowledge and support related to Pap screening. Thus, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study to assess knowledge and support related to Pap screening among sub-Saharan African immigrant men in Lexington, Kentucky.
Method: In-depth individual interviews using semistructured guide were conducted with 21 sub-Saharan African immigrant men who were married or in committed relationships. Data were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The average age of the study participants was 36 ± 9; 53% have lived in the US for more than 5 years; 88% were college educated; 43% make more than $50,000 annually; and 62% were married. General knowledge of Pap screening, cervical cancer, and HPV's role in the etiology of cervical cancer was minimal. Men showed the desire to support their wives/female partners to have a Pap screening. All participants preferred to be carried along and informed about their wives' decision to have a Pap screening in order to provide any support that might be needed. The narratives related to health care providers' gender preference varied among men; several men showed preference for a female health care provider for Pap screening services for their wives/female partners while others showed no preference.
Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of men's support in promoting Pap screening among sub-Saharan African immigrant women. Men should be included in cervical cancer prevention efforts to leverage their support. Thorough understanding of African family dynamics, cultural norms, and values related to preventive health care seeking is essential to the design and implementation of interventions for improving Pap screening among sub-Saharan African immigrant women.
Citation Format: Adebola Adegboyega, Jennifer Hatcher. Sub-Saharan African immigrant men's knowledge and support related to cervical cancer screening: A qualitative descriptive study abstract. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr C62.
Many emerging adults (EAs) are prone to making unhealthy choices, which increase their risk of premature cancer morbidity and mortality. In the era of social media, rigorous research on interventions ...to promote health behaviors for cancer risk reduction among EAs delivered over social media is limited. Cancer prevention information and recommendations may reach EAs more effectively over social media than in settings such as health care, schools, and workplaces, particularly for EAs residing in rural areas.
This pragmatic randomized trial aims to evaluate a multirisk factor intervention using a social media campaign designed with community advisers aimed at decreasing cancer risk factors among EAs. The trial will target EAs from diverse backgrounds living in rural counties in the Four Corners states of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah.
We will recruit a sample of EAs (n=1000) aged 18 to 26 years residing in rural counties (Rural-Urban Continuum Codes 4 to 9) in the Four Corners states from the Qualtrics' research panel and enroll them in a randomized stepped-wedge, quasi-experimental design. The inclusion criteria include English proficiency and regular social media engagement. A social media intervention will promote guideline-related goals for increased physical activity, healthy eating, and human papillomavirus vaccination and reduced nicotine product use, alcohol intake, and solar UV radiation exposure. Campaign posts will cover digital and media literacy skills, responses to misinformation, communication with family and friends, and referral to community resources. The intervention will be delivered over 12 months in Facebook private groups and will be guided by advisory groups of community stakeholders and EAs and focus groups with EAs. The EAs will complete assessments at baseline and at 12, 26, 39, 52, and 104 weeks after randomization. Assessments will measure 6 cancer risk behaviors, theoretical mediators, and participants' engagement with the social media campaign.
The trial is in its start-up phase. It is being led by a steering committee. Team members are working in 3 subcommittees to optimize community engagement, the social media intervention, and the measures to be used. The Stakeholder Organization Advisory Board and Emerging Adult Advisory Board were formed and provided initial input on the priority of cancer risk factors to target, social media use by EAs, and community resources available. A framework for the social media campaign with topics, format, and theoretical mediators has been created, along with protocols for campaign management.
Social media can be used as a platform to counter misinformation and improve reliable health information to promote health behaviors that reduce cancer risks among EAs. Because of the popularity of web-based information sources among EAs, an innovative, multirisk factor intervention using a social media campaign has the potential to reduce their cancer risk behaviors.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05618158; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05618158.
PRR1-10.2196/50392.
Purpose: Papanicolau (Pap) screenings disparities exist for immigrant women in the United States. This study sought to have an understanding of factors influencing Pap screening among sub-Saharan ...African immigrant women. Method: This is a qualitative descriptive study. Women were recruited from the community and by word of mouth following institutional review board approval. Data were gathered through in-depth focus group and demographic questionnaires. Interview sessions were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed for themes. Findings: Twenty-two women aged 24 to 65 years were interviewed. Barriers to screening included low knowledge of screening, cost, cultural beliefs, fear and communication issues. Motivators to improve Pap use include provider’s recommendations, enlightenment, and family support. Discussion: Interventions addressing the barriers peculiar to this population may alleviate these barriers and improve Pap screening use in this population. Providers have the opportunity to influence screening attitudes of African-born women by providing awareness and patient-targeted interventions.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to assess type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk factors in grandparent caregivers living in a rural environment.
Methods:
Clinical measures (hemoglobin A1c ...HbA1c, blood pressure, and lipids) and self-reported data on social environment factors were attained. Data were analyzed via Pearson’s correlation and regression models.
Results:
By clinical definition of diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%), 21% were prediabetic and 28% had undiagnosed T2DM. There was an association between the number of individuals in the home and triglycerides (r = −.25), high-density lipoproteins (HDL; r = .43), and body mass index (BMI; r = .39). Guardianship status had a significant association with BMI (r = −.38). There was a significant association between low-density lipoprotein (LDL; r = −.32) and access to community shared resources. In the adjusted linear model, the number of grandchildren in the home had a significant relationship with HDL (β = .012, p = .021) whereas the number of individuals living in the home had a statistically significant relationship with HDL (β = .026, p < .000) and BMI (β = .046, p = .02). In addition, 15% of participants reported being food insecure.
Discussion:
Efforts are needed to identify and screen at-risk populations living in geographically isolated areas. Considerations should be given to leveraging existing community resources for grandparent caregivers via schools, health systems, and government agencies to optimize health and well-being.
Abstract
Background: Globally, cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. The risk of invasive cervical cancer remains high among sub-Saharan African immigrant (SSAI) women in the ...US despite being a preventable cancer. Women's knowledge about cervical cancer risk factors and preventive behaviors has been found to be related to the uptake of Pap screening and engagement in other healthy behaviors. Given the high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and other cervical cancer risks among SSAI women, it is critical that SSAI women be well informed and knowledgeable regarding their cervical cancer risk and prevention. The purpose of this study is to assess SSAI women's knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors, HPV, and cervical cancer screening.
Methods: This study was a quantitative analysis of cross-sectional survey of 108 English-speaking SSAI women aged 21 and above recruited from Lexington and Frankfort, Kentucky, between October and December 2016. Information on demographics, screening behavior, and cervical cancer knowledge was collected. A knowledge scale including 14 questions about facts and common myths related to cervical cancer and HPV was used. Total knowledge scores were calculated for participants. Analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with knowledge scores.
Results: Participants' mean age was 34 ± 9 years, 56% had a college degree, 65% reported that their income was adequate, and 54% had lived in the U.S for more than 5 years. The composite knowledge score was 7.8 ±3.6 with a maximum score of 14. In bivariate analysis, length of residence in the U.S (P= 0 .001), ever had Pap screening (P < 0.001), health insurance (P < 0.001), having primary provider (P = 0.020), and health provider recommendation for cervical cancer screening (P = 0.006) were associated with knowledge. In multiple regression analysis, longer length of residence in the U.S (P = 0.044) and ever having a Pap screening (P = 0.007) remained significantly associated with cervical cancer knowledge.
Conclusions: Findings show a limited knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and the role of HPV in cervical cancer. Future research should further explore and understand how length of residence in the US and having had a Pap screening are related to cervical cancer risks knowledge. The gaps in women's knowledge points to the need for targeted educational interventions to address knowledge needs of SSAI women to encourage cervical cancer screening prevention and timely detection.
Citation Format: Adebola Adegboyega, Adaeze Aroh, Jennifer Hatcher. Knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and screening among sub-Saharan African immigrant women abstract. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B097.
PDF
