The aim of this study was evaluated the effect of selected bioactive substances and nanoparticles on the immunoreactivity of edible packages based on chitosan using the ELISA. The analysed protein ...was the tropomyosin. The results confirmed the presence of the tropomyosin (3.77 ± 0.79-5.75 ± 0.01 µg/g) in control samples. This study demonstrated that the bioactive substances in the form of grape (0.61 ± 0.34-0.43 ± 0.16 µg/g), blueberry (0.58 ± 0.32-0.39 ± 0.27 µg/g), and parsley extracts (2.09 ± 1.28-0.79 ± 0.40 µg/g) reduces immunoreactivity (p < 0.05) of the tropomyosin. The elder pollen had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on immunoreactivity. ZnO and TiO
2
nanoparticles also demonstrated immunoreactivity reduction (p < 0.05). The exception was silver nanoparticles, where the immunoreactivity increased with increasing concentration of grape extract (1.29 ± 0.01-5.47 ± 0.25 µg/g). The results confirmed the inhibitory effect of bioactive substances on the immunoreactivity of the used ELISA and also showed the need to consider immunoreactive substances when interpreting ELISA results.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
ZnO:Eu thin film fabricated by pulsed laser deposition was treated by pulsed UV laser. The effect of laser fluence from 70 to 125 mJ cm
−2
on film properties was investigated. The results showed that ...the surface morphology was clearly modified and the film treated at laser fluence of 70 mJ cm
−2
was more densified compared to the other annealed films. Laser treatment led to a reduction of carbon content and to a stoichiometric ZnO:Eu composition on the surface. Refractive index significantly decreased and extinction coefficient was blue shifted for higher laser fluences. Strong characteristic Eu
3+
transitions were obtained using excitation at 266 nm. The highest photoluminescence intensity was observed for the annealed film at a laser fluence of 70 mJ cm
−2
. The influence of ambient composition (N
2
and O
2
) and temperature (room temperature and 150 °C) to photoluminescence response was examined for optical gas sensor application. The laser-untreated film showed higher sensitivity to the presence of oxygen at both temperatures compared to the treated film. The stability of photoluminescence intensity at elevated temperature was improved for laser-treated areas.
The control and arguably the tailoring aspect of technologies like pulsed laser deposition (PLD) rises from understanding the chemistry hidden by the laser generated plasma. With the continuous ...transition towards thin films with complex structures and geometries, the comprehension of the fundamental processes during the film deposition becomes critical. During the PLD of Mo and Eu-doped Lu
2
O
3
, optical emission spectroscopy was implemented for in-situ plasma monitoring. The spatial distribution of individual elements revealed the structuring of a stoichiometric plasma while the formation of LuO molecule within the plasma plume is seen as being induced by the addition of a minimum 1 Pa of O
2
. The energy of the ejected particles was controlled through doping and O
2
pressure. The effect of O
2
pressure over the plasma energy revealed a transition from an atomic dominated region towards a molecular dominated one. The properties of the resulted films were analyzed by XRD, AFM, and photoluminescence techniques and show a strong correlation between the dynamical regime of the plasma and their structural properties.
Black aluminium thin films were prepared by direct current (DC) pulsed magnetron sputtering. The N
2
concentration in the Ar-N
2
mixture that was used as the deposition atmosphere was varied from 0 ...to 10%, and its impact on the film growth and optical properties was studied. A strong change in the film growth process was observed as a function of the N
2
concentration. At a specific N
2
concentration of ∼6%, the Al film growth process favoured the formation of a moth-eye-like antireflective surface. This surface morphology, which was similar to the structure of a cauliflower, is known to trap incident light, resulting in films with a very low reflectivity. A diffuse reflectivity lower than 4% was reached in the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-VIS-NIR) spectral range that corresponds to a value observed for an ultrahigh absorber. We found that for the preparation of black aluminium, the nitrogen content plays an important role in film formation and the resulting film morphology.
A black aluminium film deposited by magnetron sputtering showed a high correlation of diffuse reflectivity with surface morphology and nitrogen content in plasma.
The incidence of explosions in large agglomerations is high even during peacetime and continues rising. Blast syndrome injuries are complex, with shock wave causing severe injuries of multiple organ ...systems. In situations with large numbers of injured persons, effective triage allows an early diagnosis and treatment of the highest number of victims. Treatment is challenging, and potentially conflicting therapeutic goals may alternate. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of blast injuries, current diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic procedures.
The SKB GroundWater Flow and Transport of Solutes Task Force is an international forum in the area of conceptual and numerical modeling of groundwater flow and solute transport in fractured rocks ...relevant for the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste. Two in situ matrix diffusion experiments in crystalline rock (gneiss) were performed at POSIVA's ONKALO underground facility in Finland. Synthetic groundwater containing several conservative and sorbing radiotracers was injected at one end of a borehole interval and flowed along a thin annulus toward the opposite end. Several teams performed predictive modeling of the tracer breakthrough curves using "conventional" modeling approaches (constant diffusion and sorption in the rock, no or minimum rock heterogeneity). Supporting information, derived from small-scale laboratory experiments, was provided. The teams were free to implement different concepts, use different codes, and apply the transport and retention parameters that they considered to be most suited (i.e., not a benchmark exercise). The main goal was the comparison of the different sets of results and the analysis of the possible differences for this relatively simple experimental setup with a well-defined geometry. Even though the experiment was designed to study matrix diffusion, the calculated peaks of the breakthrough curves were very sensitive to the assumed magnitude of dispersion in the borehole annulus. However, given the very different timescales for advection and matrix diffusion, the tails of the curves provided information concerning diffusion and retention in the rock matrix regardless of the magnitude of dispersion. In addition, although the task was designed to be a blind modeling exercise, the model results have also been compared to the measured experimental breakthroughs. Experimental results tend to show relatively small activities, wide breakthroughs, and early first arrivals, which are somewhat similar to model results using large dispersivity values.
Ergosterol is considered to be a suitable indicator of mold infestation in barley and malt. In this study ergosterol levels in different varieties of barley and malt produced in the Czech Republic ...were determined. A modified high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was statistically processed, validated (Effivalidation program), and applied to 124 samples of barley and malt. Ergosterol was isolated by extraction and saponification, and the quantification was performed using HPLC with diode array detection. The content of ergosterol ranged between the limit of detection (LOD) and 36.3 mg/kg in barley and between the LOD and 131.1 mg/kg in malt. Ergosterol is presumably connected with metabolites generated when barley grain is attacked by pathogens, and such barley often shows a high overfoaming (gushing) value. However, it was found that the content of ergosterol does not correlate with the degree of beer gushing.
Calpain3 (CAPN3, p94) is a muscle-specific nonlysosomal cysteine proteinase. Loss of proteolytic function or change of other properties of this enzyme (such as stability or ability to interact with ...other muscular proteins) is manifested as limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A, calpainopathy). These pathological changes in properties of calpain3 are caused by mutations in the calpain3 gene. The fact that the human gene for calpain3 is quite long led us to analyse its coding sequence by reverse transcription-PCR followed by sequence analysis. This study reports nine mutations that we found by analysing mRNA of seven unrelated LGMD patients in the Czech Republic. Three of these mutations were novel, not described on the Leiden muscular dystrophy pages so far. Further, we observed a reduction of dysferlin in muscle membrane in five of our seven LGMD2A patients by immunohistochemical analysis of muscle sections.
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