In this paper, an on-chip aperture antenna in InP (indium phosphide) technology is proposed for terahertz transceivers. Terahertz on-chip antennas are often directly connected to the amplifier, and ...the bulky substrate of active circuits affects the impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna. In order to obtain robust antenna performances against the uncertain chip size of the active circuits and simultaneously enhance the gain and radiation efficiency, through substrate vias (TSVs) are utilized to form the quasi- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. Furthermore, a dual-mode aperture antenna with the quasi-SIW cavity is proposed, and the high-order mode of the substrate integrated cavity is introduced in proximity to the aperture mode to broaden the impedance bandwidth. The non-broadside radiation pattern of the even-TM120 mode is successfully reshaped by the radiating apertures. Then, a custom-designed ground package is analyzed to fix the chip and further improve the broadside gain. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. Benefiting from the techniques proposed above, a competitive gain of ~8.0 dBi is obtained.
Background
Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a highly anticipated target for solid tumor therapy, especially in advanced gastric carcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma. The T cell engager targeting CLDN18.2 ...represents a compelling strategy for enhancing anti-cancer efficacy.
Methods
Based on the in-house screened anti-CLDN18.2 VHH, we have developed a novel tri-specific T cell engager targeting CLDN18.2 for gastric and pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. This tri-specific antibody was designed with binding to CLDN18.2, human serum albumin (HSA) and CD3 on T cells.
Results
The DR30318 demonstrated binding affinity to CLDN18.2, HSA and CD3, and exhibited T cell-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (TDCC) activity in vitro. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed a half-life of 22.2–28.6 h in rodents and 41.8 h in cynomolgus monkeys, respectively. The administration of DR30318 resulted in a slight increase in the levels of IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in cynomolgus monkeys. Furthermore, after incubation with human PBMCs and CLDN18.2 expressing cells, DR30318 induced TDCC activity and the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Notably, DR30318 demonstrated significant tumor suppression effects on gastric cancer xenograft models NUGC4/hCLDN18.2 and pancreatic cancer xenograft model BxPC3/hCLDN18.2 without affecting the body weight of mice.
This article presents a fully packaged 94-GHz 16-channel local oscillator (LO) phase-shifting transmitter (TX) and a single-channel receiver (RX). The implementation is accomplished using a hybrid ...integration scheme, combining high-output-power 100 nm GaAs pHEMT front-end chips and highly-integrated 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS beamformer chips. High-accuracy LO phase shifting is achieved with the utilization of a commercial SiGe-based four-channel beamformer chips, offering 7-bit phase control at 24–28 GHz. A 26-to-78 GHz tripler chain using power-enhancing and harmonic-suppression techniques, a 16-to-94 GHz bi-directional mixer, and a 94-GHz power amplifier are designed in the transmitter front-end chip based on the GaAs process. The GaAs transmitter front-ends are wire-bonded to microstrip lines and then converted to low-loss substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs), which directly feed a high-gain TEM horn antenna array. The inter-element spacing of the transmitter array is optimized to 1.6 mm (Formula Omitted @94 GHz) for a wide scanning range. The 16-channel transmitter achieves a wide scanning range of ±50° and a peak effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 43.6 dBm at 94 GHz. The GaAs receiver chip is packaged with the WR10 waveguide RF interface and connected to a horn antenna. The packaged GaAs receiver module achieves a conversion gain (CG) of 25 dB and a noise figure (NF) of 5.8 dB. Additionally, the 16T1R over-the-air (OTA) measurement supports 5G New Radio 400-MHz 64-QAM signal between 88 and 94 GHz over a 5-meter ±48° scanning range.
Introduction
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito‐borne alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family. The symptomatic infection is characterised by acute febrile disease which generally results ...in severe arthralgia and myalgia, however, most of the CHIKV infections remain asymptomatic. CHIKV RNA detection in asymptomatic volunteers may be responsible for the transfusion transmission of this infection, especially during outbreaks. There is no information for CHIKV seroprevalence among blood donors from the Federal District of Brazil.
Aim
In early 2019, the Federal District of Brazil experienced a CHIKV outbreak, and this study evaluates the anti‐CHIKV IgM and IgG presence in a well characterised cohort of blood donors from this region.
Methodology
Blood samples were collected from 450 volunteer blood donors during a CHIKV outbreak and tested for the presence of anti‐CHIKV IgG and IgM antibodies using ELISA.
Results
The CHIKV seroprevalence was 0.89% (n = 4/450) and anti‐CHIKV IgM prevalence was 1.11% (n = 5/450).
Conclusion
The obtained results demonstrated that at least some of the blood donors have experienced CHIKV infection which can be related to a hypothetical risk of CHIKV transfusion transmission. More studies are necessary in order to examine the impact of CHIKV on blood transfusion.
Background Microcomedones representing the clinically non‐visible central precursor lesions of acne are induced by sebaceous hyperplasia as well as altered follicular growth and differentiation, and ...evolve into both comedones and inflammatory lesions. Thus, targeting microcomedone formation is essential in the prevention and therapeutic control of acne.
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the capacity of adapalene gel, 0.1%, to control the number of microcomedones after a combination treatment followed by a maintenance treatment.
Methods This was a single‐site exploratory study in subjects with a diagnosis of mild to moderate acne vulgaris and the presence of at least 250 microcomedones per cm2 at screening visit, counted via cyanoacrylate strips (CyASt). During the first 8 weeks, a combination of adapalene gel (0.1%) and benzoyl peroxide gel (2.5%) was applied. During the randomized, investigator‐blinded, and vehicle‐controlled 12‐week maintenance phase, adapalene once daily (QD), or adapalene alternately with its vehicle once daily every other day (QoD), or vehicle QD were applied to the face. CyASt sampling on the forehead was done at baseline, week 8, and week 20. Lesion counting allowing calculating a defined success rate was done at all visits.
Results A total of 54 subjects entered the combination phase, and 49 subjects were randomized into the maintenance phase: 16 in both the adapalene QD and the QoD group and 17 subjects receiving the vehicle. The microcomedone median count decreased for all groups until week 8 (end of combination phase) from 319 to 157. Microcomedone counts at the end of the maintenance phase (week 20) showed a significant percent difference (P = 0.04) between adapalene QoD (–53.5) and the vehicle (–42.1) and between adapalene QD (–50.6) and the vehicle (P = 0.037) compared with baseline.
Conclusion The application of adapalene gel, 0.1% monotherapy daily, or alternately every other day, significantly helps to control the microcomedone count during a 12‐week maintenance treatment after a previous combination therapy with benzoyl peroxide in patients with mild to moderate acne.
This article presents a fully packaged 94-GHz 16-channel local oscillator (LO) phase-shifting transmitter (TX) and a single-channel receiver (RX). The implementation is accomplished using a hybrid ...integration scheme, combining high-output-power 100 nm GaAs pHEMT front-end chips and highly-integrated 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS beamformer chips. High-accuracy LO phase shifting is achieved with the utilization of a commercial SiGe-based four-channel beamformer chips, offering 7-bit phase control at 24-28 GHz. A 26-to-78 GHz tripler chain using power-enhancing and harmonic-suppression techniques, a 16-to-94 GHz bi-directional mixer, and a 94-GHz power amplifier are designed in the transmitter front-end chip based on the GaAs process. The GaAs transmitter front-ends are wire-bonded to microstrip lines and then converted to low-loss substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs), which directly feed a high-gain TEM horn antenna array. The inter-element spacing of the transmitter array is optimized to 1.6 mm (0.5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\lambda _{0}</tex-math> </inline-formula> @94 GHz) for a wide scanning range. The 16-channel transmitter achieves a wide scanning range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\pm</tex-math> </inline-formula>50<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{\circ}</tex-math> </inline-formula> and a peak effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 43.6 dBm at 94 GHz. The GaAs receiver chip is packaged with the WR10 waveguide RF interface and connected to a horn antenna. The packaged GaAs receiver module achieves a conversion gain (CG) of 25 dB and a noise figure (NF) of 5.8 dB. Additionally, the 16T1R over-the-air (OTA) measurement supports 5G New Radio 400-MHz 64-QAM signal between 88 and 94 GHz over a 5-meter <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\pm</tex-math> </inline-formula>48<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{\circ}</tex-math> </inline-formula> scanning range.
Dengue virus (DENV) transmission by blood transfusion is an important route of viral acquisition during outbreaks. The prevalence of DENV markers (viral RNA, NS1, anti-DENV IgM, and IgG) among blood ...donors in Central-West Brazil has never been evaluated. Our aim was to evaluate the full set of serological and molecular markers for DENV among blood donors of the Federal District of Brazil during an extensive outbreak in 2016. We found an anti-DENV IgM prevalence of 6.74% (n = 32/475). Of 475, 20 samples (4.21%) were also anti-DENV IgG positive. All samples were non-reactive for NS1 and DENV RNA. Our results imply that a significant proportion of the tested donors had experienced asymptomatic infection. More studies are necessary to evaluate the real prevalence of DENV viremia in blood donors from the Federal District of Brazil and if specific measures are needed to routinely test the blood donors for DENV RNA during outbreaks.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•MAL-PDT corrects abnormally expressed cancer-associated genes in actinic keratosis.•MAL-PDT normalizes cell cycle-related genes in actinic keratosis.•MAL-PDT at gene expression level indicates a ...remodeling effect on photodamaged skin.
Actinic keratoses (AK) are proliferations of neoplastic keratinocytes in the epidermis resulting from cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which are liable to transform into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Organ Transplant Recipients (OTR) have an increased risk of developing SCC as a consequence of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular signature of AKs from OTR prior to treatment with methyl aminolevulinate-photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT), and to assess what impact the treatment has on promoting remodeling of the photo-damaged skin.
Seven patients were enrolled on a clinical trial to assess the effect of MAL-PDT with biopsies taken at screening prior to the first treatment session (week 1), and six weeks after completion of final treatment (week 18). Whole-genome gene expression analysis was carried out on skin biopsies isolated from an AK lesion, an area surrounding the lesion, and a non-sun exposed region of the body. Quantitative PCR was utilized to confirm the differential expression of key genes.
MAL-PDT treatment corrected abnormal proliferation-related gene profiles, corrected aberrantly expressed cancer-associated genes and induced expression of dermal extracellular matrix genes in photo-exposed skin.
The efficacy of the MAL-PDT on AK lesions was confirmed at whole-genome gene expression level. A transcriptional signature of remodeling, identified through assessing the effect of MAL-PDT on photodamaged skin, supports the use of MAL-PDT for treating photodamaged skin and field cancerized areas.
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