Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common esophageal disorder characterized by troublesome symptoms associated with increased esophageal acid exposure. The cornerstones of therapy in this ...regard include treatment with acid-suppressive agents, lifestyle modifications, and dietary therapy, although the latter has not been well defined. As concerns regarding long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use continue to be explored, patients and healthcare providers are becoming increasingly interested in the role of diet in disease management. However, dietary interventions lack evidence of the synthesis effect of functional foods. The following is a review of dietary therapy for GERD, emphasizing food components’ impact on GERD pathophysiology and management. Although the sequential dietary elimination of food groups is a common practice, the literature supports broader intervention, including reduced overall sugar intake, increased dietary fiber, and changes in overall eating practices. While the primary concern of food companies is to provide safe products, the caloric, nutritional, and functional composition of foods is also generating interest in the food industry due to consumers’ concerns.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic ailment that results from the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing heartburn and acid regurgitation. This review explores ...nanotechnology as a novel treatment approach for GERD. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) offer several advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and targeted drug delivery capabilities. CSNPs have been extensively studied due to their ability to encapsulate and release medications in a controlled manner. Different nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems, including gels, microspheres, and coatings, have been developed to enhance drug retention, drug targeting, and controlled release in the esophagus. These nanoparticles can target specific molecular pathways associated with acid regulation, esophageal tissue protection, and inflammation modulation. However, the optimization of nanoparticle formulations faces challenges, including ensuring stability, scalability, and regulatory compliance. The future may see CSNPs combined with other treatments like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or mucosal protectants for a synergistic therapeutic approach. Thus, CSNPs provide exciting opportunities for novel GERD treatment strategies.
Vector Borne Diseases (VBDs) have a major impact on public health and socio-economic development. Inter-sectoral collaboration was recommended as one of the key elements of Integrated Vector ...Management (IVM), however limited evidence measures the effect and contribution of intersectoral approaches including but not only IVM. This systematic review aims to assess the existing evidence on all forms of inter-sectoral collaboration in VBD control and prevention, identify any gaps and develop a framework from a global perspective.
Articles were identified through a search of PUBMED, Science of Direct, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar and WHO archives using key words and excluded duplications (n = 2,034). The exclusion of non-VBDs control and prevention interventions resulted in 194 eligible titles/abstract/keywords for full text assessment. Further exclusion of non-peer reviewed articles, non-declaration of ethical clearance, reviews and expert opinion articles resulted in 50 articles finally being included for analysis with the extraction of data on outcome, factor/s influencing the effectiveness, indicators of collaboration and sustainability.
Of the 50 articles included in the analysis, 19 articles were categorized as of moderate-strong quality. All articles compared pre- and post-intervention outcomes against disease or vector variables. Three papers included outcome variables on intersectoral collaboration and participation indicator. However, no paper undertook component analysis by different sectors or different activities. Only one paper compared cost data for community-intersectoral intervention for IRS and traditional "vertical" IRS. Six factors were identified as influencing the effectiveness of inter-sectoral collaboration. Five of six factors are the main ones, namely the approach (37/47), resources (34/47), relationships (33/47), management (29/47) and shared vision (20/47) factors. A conceptual framework has been developed based on this review.
This review shows the importance of inter-sectoral collaboration to reduce VBDs or vector densities. However, very few studies measured how much inter-sectoral collaboration contributes to the impact. Further high-quality studies using inter-sectoral collaboration indicators are recommended to be undertaken.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Recently, multifunctional drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been designed to provide a comprehensive approach with multiple functionalities, including diagnostic imaging, targeted drug delivery, and ...controlled drug release. Chitosan-based drug nanoparticles (CSNPs) systems are employed as diagnostic imaging and delivering the drug to particular targeted sites in a regulated manner. Drug release is an important factor in ensuring high reproducibility, stability, quality control of CSNPs, and scientific-based for developing CSNPs. Several factors influence drug release from CSNPs, including composition, composition ratio, ingredient interactions, and preparation methods. Early, CSNPs were used for improving drug solubility, stability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics properties. Chitosan has been developed toward a multifunctional drug delivery system by exploring positively charged properties and modifiable functional groups. Various modifications to the polymer backbone, charge, or functional groups will undoubtedly affect the drug release from CSNPs. The drug release from CSNPs has a significant influence on its therapeutic actions. Our review's objective was to summarize and discuss the relationship between the modification in CSNPs as multifunctional delivery systems and drug release properties and kinetics of the drug release model. Kinetic models help describe the release rate, leading to increased efficiency, accuracy, the safety of the dose, optimizing the drug delivery device's design, evaluating the drug release rate, and improvement of patient compatibility. In conclusion, almost all CSNPs showed bi-phasic release, initial burst release drug in a particular time followed controlled manner release in achieving the expected release, stimuli external can be applied. CSNPs are a promising technique for multifunctional drug delivery systems.
Multifunction delivery system; Bi-phasic release; Burst release; Controlled release.
Abstract
West Pasaman has rich coastal potency. Marine resources and coastal tourism become income source for this regency. Besides the potency, West Pasaman Coast also vulnerable because it lays on ...tectonic path subduction and bordered with Hindia Ocean that triger abration, earthquake and tsunamis. The combinations of high abration and flat coast with mud and sand make the West Pasaman Coast very vulnerable. Extreme weather and dense population with convensional living in the coastal area create the complexity of coastal problems. Early, The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) is a method to analyze coastal vulnerability based on certain factors i.e ocean hydrodinamics and coastal morphology. But nowadays, to minimize the risk of natural disasters, the CVI has been modified with additional factors. This research aims to analyze the coast vulnerability of West Pasaman Coast using Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) method based on GIS. The study use primary and secondary data. The field survey was conducted on April 2019 with purposive sampling method at 6 districts and 10 sites as the observation points. Those districts are Sungai Beremas, Koto Balingka, Sungai Aur, Sasak Ranah Pasisir, Luhak Nan Duo and Kinali. The result shows that Kinali Coast is categorized as high vulnerability (CVI 3.95) and other 5 districts are moderate vulnerability (CVI 2.3-2.9).
In malaria elimination areas, malaria cases are sporadic and consist predominantly of imported cases. Plasmodium knowlesi cases have been reported throughout Southeast Asia where long-tailed and ...pig-tailed macaques and Anopheles leucosphyrus group mosquitoes are sympatric. The limitation of microscopic examination to diagnose P. knowlesi is well known. In consequence, no P. knowlesi case has previously been reported from routine health facility-based case finding activities in Indonesia. This report describes two clusters of unexpected locally acquired P. knowlesi cases found in an area where Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infection had been eliminated in Sabang Municipality, Aceh, Indonesia. The difficulties in diagnosis and response illustrate challenges that Southeast Asian countries will increasingly face as the formerly common malaria parasites P. falciparum and P. vivax are gradually eliminated from the region.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The reform movement that ended the thirty-two-year dictatorship in Indonesia is arguably one of the most documented and studied in contemporary Indonesian studies. However, discussions about this ...historical event for children and young people remain scarce. Social and political issues are rarely represented in Indonesian children’s literature, either. Against this context, Innosanto Nagara’s M Is for Movement (2019) distinguishes itself as an illustrated children’s book depicting childhood and youth under the social turmoil leading up to the reform movement. This article seeks to examine the text with critical content analysis through the frameworks proposed by children’s literature scholars Kathy G. Short and Clémentine Beauvais on analyzing politically engaged texts. From the text’s presentation of collective power and the critical role of children in bringing about transformation, the article argues for Nagara’s advocation for political awareness and active participation among children and young people.
CRM as a new technology in the present, is projected as a replacement for ATM in the future and is expected to increase efficiency by reducing charging operational costs and providing money for ATMs. ...Currently the spread of CRM is not as much as the location of ATMs because the price is more than three times the price of the ATM. This study aims to help decision makers in choosing the best CRM location from existing ATM locations. This study applies the Simple Weighting Additive (SAW) method using productive existing ATM data in Bandung, which is a productive ATM and located in offices. From the calculation by referring to the criteria for the average number of ATM transactions, the distance to the market or shops, the distance to the cash manager branch office, the number of Brilink agents around the location and the level of location security, the best locations to be placed for CRM are obtained through an effective calculation and right that can help facilitate decision makers.
The purpose of this study is about the communication management of school principals to improve teacher performance at an elementary school Banda Aceh. The research method used is qualitative ...analysis (non-statistical) according to the aims and objectives of education research. This research is intended to develop the effectiveness of the products used in schools regarding decision making by school principals and to improve teacher performance which is expected to improve the quality of education. The results showed that Principal communication improves teacher professionalism, conveys messages to teachers, and can carry out this information. The principal as a teacher must guide all school members and carry out their duties and functions as school managers in improving the learning process through classroom supervision, fostering, and providing positive suggestions to teachers.
Breast cancer remains one of the world's most dangerous diseases because of the difficulty of finding cost-effective and specific targets for effective and efficient treatment methods. The ...biodegradability and biocompatibility properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles (ChNPs) have good prospects for targeted drug delivery systems. ChNPs can transfer various antitumor drugs to targeted sites via passive and active targeting pathways. The modification of ChNPs has attracted the researcher to the loading of drugs to targeted cancer cells. The objective of our review was to summarize and discuss the modification in ChNPs in delivering anticancer drugs against breast cancer cells from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In order to improve cellular uptake, drug accumulation, cytotoxicity, and selectivity, we examined different kinds of modification of ChNPs. Notably, these forms of ChNPs use the characteristics of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect as a proper parameter and different biological ligands, such as proteins, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and small particles. In addition, as a targeted delivery system, ChNPs provided and significantly improved the delivery of drugs into specific breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, 4T1 cells, SK-BR-3, MCF-7, T47D). In conclusion, a promising technique is presented for increasing the efficacy, selectivity, and effectiveness of candidate drug carriers in the treatment of breast cancer.
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