Forward Diffractive Detector control system for Run 3 in the ALICE experiment Mejía Camacho, J.M.; Rodríguez Ramírez, S.A.; Cabanillas Noris, J.C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2023, Letnik:
1050
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The ALICE experiment went through major upgrades in preparation for Runs 3 and 4 at the CERN LHC, which foresee a significant increase in the data stream rate. To cope with it, a new Computing System ...Online–Offline (O2) was developed by ALICE and several detectors were upgraded. One of these upgrades corresponded to the ALICE Diffractive (AD) detector, which was replaced by the new Forward Diffractive Detector (FDD). A fundamental system that allows for recording of data as well as for the stable and safe operation of the experimental setup is the Detector Control System (DCS). The DCS controls, monitors, and configures detectors’ hardware and their subsystems among which are commercial hardware and specific custom equipment. In this work, we describe the implementation of the DCS of FDD, which was designed and developed using the SCADA commercial software WinCC Open Architecture (WinCC-OA®) and the Joint Controls Project (JCOP) Framework. We also describe the modeling of FDD-DCS as a finite state machine to be integrated into the ALICE Central DCS, and to be operated by DCS shifters in the run control center and, remotely, by detector experts. This new DCS was developed to comply with the new LHC operational standards that allow for processing the increased luminosity due to collisions at a higher energy, and for fulfilling the specific requirements of the ALICE experiment, in order to address the scientific challenges of its physics program.
LHC forward physics Akiba, K; Baillie, O Villalobos; Baus, C ...
Journal of physics. G, Nuclear and particle physics,
2016, Letnik:
43, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The goal of this report is to give a comprehensive overview of the rich field of forward physics, with a special attention to the topics that can be studied at the LHC. The report starts presenting a ...selection of the Monte Carlo simulation tools currently available, chapter 2, then enters the rich phenomenology of QCD at low, chapter 3, and high, chapter 4, momentum transfer, while the unique scattering conditions of central exclusive production are analyzed in chapter 5. The last two experimental topics, Cosmic Ray and Heavy Ion physics are presented in the chapter 6 and 7 respectively. Chapter 8 is dedicated to the BFKL dynamics, multiparton interactions, and saturation. Here, the report ends with an overview of the forward detectors at LHC. Each chapter is correlated with a comprehensive bibliography, attempting to provide to the interested reader with a wide opportunity for further studies.
We report on the status of the construction and installation of a new detector in the forward region of the ALICE experiment at the LHC. This detector will allow the study of processes with gaps at ...larger rapidity than those presently covered. A setup of two stations called AD (stands for ALICE Diffractive) on the right and on the left of the interaction point enhances significantly the efficiency to study diffractive physics and photon induced processes.
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A non-additive entropy is used to describe quark matter. We consider a non-extensive thermodynamic system in the framework of the MIT bag model of hadrons, in order to consider the correlation ...between quarks and gluons due to strong interactions. The non-additive entropy of the system describes quarks and gluons as two probabilistically independent subsystems. We analyze the phase diagram in terms of the correlation parameter
q
that enters the sum of entropies in the Tsallis prescription. For the case of non-zero chemical potentials it can be shown that the systems with
q
≤
q
max
may be associated with the weakly coupled systems while those with
q
>
q
max
are more correlated. Furthermore, we find that the critical temperature for the hadron increases as the correlation between quarks and gluons increases, according to the expectations.
The spin alignment matrix element ρ00 for the vector mesons K∗0 and ϕ(1020) has been measured in RHIC at central rapidities. These measurements are consistent with the absence of polarization with ...respect to the reaction plane in mid-central Au+Au collisions whereas, when measured with respect to the production plane in the same reactions and in p+p collisions, a non-vanishing and p⊥-dependent ρ00 is found. We show that this behavior can be understood in a simple model of vector meson production where the spin of their constituent quarks is oriented during hadronization as the result of Thomas precession.
The thymus is the anatomical site where T cells undergo a complex process of differentiation, proliferation, selection, and elimination of autorreactive cells which involves molecular signals in ...different intrathymic environment. However, the immunological functions of the thymus can be compromised upon exposure to different infections, affecting thymocyte populations. In this work, we investigated the impact of malaria parasites on the thymus by using C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA and Plasmodium yoelii 17XL; these lethal infection models represent the most severe complications, cerebral malaria, and anemia respectively. Data showed a reduction in the thymic weight and cellularity involving different T cell maturation stages, mainly CD4
CD8
and CD4
CD8
thymocytes, as well as an increased presence of apoptotic cells, leading to significant thymic cortex reduction. Thymus atrophy showed no association with elevated serum cytokines levels, although increased glucocorticoid levels did. The severity of thymic damage in both models reached the same extend although it occurs at different stages of infection, showing that thymic atrophy does not depend on parasitemia level but on the specific host-parasite interaction.
The Large Hadron Collider will provide soon, beams of protons and collisions at high energy to the experiments. ALICE stands for A Large Ion Collider Experiment. It is one of the experiments at the ...Large Hadron Collider. ALICE will be dedicated to the study of heavy ion collisions. The main goal of ALICE is the observation of the transition of ordinary matter into a plasma of quarks and gluons. ALICE consists of 16 systems of detection. Two of them were designed and constructed in Mexico: i) The V0A detector, located at 3.2 mts. from the interaction point and ii) The cosmic ray detector on the top of the magnet. After a quick review of the LHC and the ALICE experiment we will focus on the description of these systems.
Background and importanceShortening the duration of antibiotic treatment is one of the cornerstones to reduce antibiotic pressure and, therefore, the appearance of antimicrobial resistanceAim and ...objectivesTo describe the duration of antibiotic treatment in patients discharged from a short stay hospitalisation unit and to analyse the duration of antibiotic treatment with regards to the current evidence based recommendations.Material and methodsA descriptive, retrospective, cross sectional study was carried out in a short stay hospitalisation unit in January 2020. Patients ≥14 years old with an antibiotic prescription at discharge were included. Data collected were: age, gender, average number of admission days, antibiotic prescribed and antibiotic clinical indication. Data were collected from patients’ electronic health records. Pubmed database review was performed regarding the current evidence based recommendations for optimising the duration of antibiotic treatment.Results98 patients were admitted in January 2020; 63 patients met the study inclusion criteria and 40 were men. Average age was 74 years (18–92) and average number of admission days was 3.4 (1–11). 11 (17.5%) patients visited the emergency department or general practice the following month due to an infectious process and 7 of these patients were readmitted. 36 (57%) patients had taken antibiotics within 3 months before the study.The most common illnesses werecommunity acquired pneumonia (CAP) 16 (25.4%), acute bronchitis (AB) 15 (23.8%), COPD exacerbation 13 (20.6%) and influenza 7 (11.1%). The most common antimicrobials prescribed were: cephalosporins 24 (26.7%), co-amoxiclav 20 (22.2%) and quinolones 17 (18.9%).Patients with AB were not analysed because there is no optimal duration of antibiotic treatment recommended in the current scientific evidence. The remainder of the patients were analysed (48): 35 were given antibiotics for more days than the recommended evidence (15 CAP, 12 COPD exacerbation, 4 influenza, 4 other infections); 9 patients were given antibiotics as per the recommended duration (3 acute pyelonephritis, 3 influenza, 1 CAP, 1 hospital acquired pneumonia, 1 complicated cystitis); and 4 were given antibiotics for a shorter duration than recommended (1 complicated cystitis, 1 COPD exacerbation, 1 pharyngotonsillitis, 1 acute gastroenteritis).Conclusion and relevanceNearly 75% of patients had a longer antibiotic course than the recommended evidence. This should be a priority for intervention. It is important to create antibiotic awareness, where ‘shorter is better’ is a ‘prescriber mantra’ as far as the rational use of antibiotics is concerned.References and/or acknowledgementsConflict of interestNo conflict of interest
Two modules of the AD detector have been studied with the test beam at the T10 facility at CERN. The AD detector is made of scintillator pads read out by wave-length shifters (WLS) coupled to clean ...fibres that carry the produced light to photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs). In ALICE the AD is used to trigger and study the physics of diffractive and ultra-peripheral collisions as well as for a variety of technical tasks like beam-gas background monitoring or as a luminometer. \par The position dependence of the modules' efficiency has been measured and the effect of hits on the WLS or PMTs has been evaluated. The charge deposited by pions and protons has been measured at different momenta of the test beam. The time resolution is determined as a function of the deposited charge. These results are important ingredients to better understand the AD detector, to benchmark the corresponding simulations, and very importantly they served as a baseline for a similar device, the Forward Diffractive Detector (FDD), being currently built and that will be in operation in ALICE during the LHC Runs 3 and 4.
Detection of atmospheric muons with ALICE detectors Alessandro, B.; Cortes Maldonado, I.; Cuautle, E. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2010, Letnik:
617, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The calibration, alignment and commissioning of most of the ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment at the CERN LHC) detectors have required a large amount of cosmic events during 2008. In particular ...two types of cosmic triggers have been implemented to record the atmospheric muons passing through ALICE. The first trigger, called ACORDE trigger, is performed by 60 scintillators located on the top of three sides of the large L3 magnet surrounding the central detectors, and selects atmospheric muons. The Silicon Pixel Detector (SPD) installed on the first two layers of the Inner Tracking System (ITS) gives the second trigger, called SPD trigger. This trigger selects mainly events with a single atmospheric muon crossing the SPD. Some particular events, in which the atmospheric muon interacts with the iron of the L3 magnet and creates a shower of particles crossing the SPD, are also selected. In this work the reconstruction of events with these two triggers will be presented. In particular, the performance of the ACORDE detector will be discussed by the analysis of multi-muon events. Some physical distributions are also shown.
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