Breast cancer causes the most cancer-related death in women and is the costliest cancer in the US regarding medical service and prescription drug expenses. Breast cancer screening is recommended by ...health authorities in the US, but current screening efforts are often compromised by high false positive rates. Liquid biopsy based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a potential approach to screen for cancer. However, the detection of breast cancer, particularly in early stages, is challenging due to the low amount of ctDNA and heterogeneity of molecular subtypes.
Here, we employed a multimodal approach, namely Screen for the Presence of Tumor by DNA Methylation and Size (SPOT-MAS), to simultaneously analyze multiple signatures of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma samples of 239 nonmetastatic breast cancer patients and 278 healthy subjects.
We identified distinct profiles of genome-wide methylation changes (GWM), copy number alterations (CNA), and 4-nucleotide oligomer (4-mer) end motifs (EM) in cfDNA of breast cancer patients. We further used all three signatures to construct a multi-featured machine learning model and showed that the combination model outperformed base models built from individual features, achieving an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.95), a sensitivity of 65% at 96% specificity.
Our findings showed that a multimodal liquid biopsy assay based on analysis of cfDNA methylation, CNA and EM could enhance the accuracy for the detection of early- stage breast cancer.
Internet of Things simulations play significant roles in the diverse kinds of activities in our daily lives and have been extensively researched. Creating and controlling virtual agents in ...three-dimensional Internet of Things simulations is a key technology for achieving realism in three-dimensional simulations. Given that traditional virtual agent-based approaches have limitations for realism, it is necessary to improve the realism of three-dimensional Internet of Things simulations. This article proposes a Q-Network-based motivation framework that applies a Q-Network to select motivations from desires and hierarchical task network planning to execute actions based on goals of the selected motivations. The desires are to be identified and calculated based on states. Selected motivations will be chosen to determine the goals that agents must achieve. In the experiments, the proposed framework achieved an average accuracy of up to 85.5% when the Q-Network-based motivation model was trained. To verify the Q-Network-based motivation framework, a traditional Q-learning is also applied in the three-dimensional virtual environment. Comparing the results of the two frameworks, the Q-Network-based motivation framework shows better results than those of traditional Q-learning, as the accuracy of the Q-Network-based motivation is higher by 15.58%. The proposed framework can be applied to the diverse kinds of Internet of Things systems such as a training autonomous vehicle. Moreover, the proposed framework can generate big data on animal behaviors for other training systems.
•Sr doped LaMnO3 nanoparticles were prepared by microwave combustion method.•La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 nanopowder has small bandgap with excellent phototacalytic property.•The nanoproducts show ...super-paramagnetic with high magnetization of 57 emu/g.•Sr doped LaMnO3 nanoproduct is a potential recyclable photocatalyst of high efficient.
Lanthanium manganite (LaMnO3) is an interesting perovskite material with many practical applications in various fields. In the present work, LaxSr1-xMnO3 (x = 0.2–0.4) nanopowder was prepared by a single step microwave combustion process without any post annealing requirements. The as-prepared nanoproducts were characterized with different measurements such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance, Raman scattering and magneto vibrating sample. The nanoproducts of high crystal quality showed small bandgap of about 2.2 eV, which is very useful for visible photocatalytic activity. The obtained nanoparticles also possess excellent photocatalyst activity in visible light, which is demonstrated by ability to degrade up to 96% of methylene blue 10 ppm after 120 min of irradiation with visible light. Sr doped LaMnO3 nanoparticles also exhibit superparamagnetic property with high magnetization of 57 emu/g, which opens recyclable ability in water treatment application of the synthesized nanopowder.
Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam undertook a series of measures in response to the fourth and largest wave of COVID-19. The care pathway was continuously reconfigured through leadership from all levels of ...government and engagement of the community. This resulted in a shift towards integrated severity-based care consisting of multiple levels of health-care facilities and home care. This flexible approach based on the rapidly changing local context enabled Ho Chi Minh City to limit the extent to which health-care capacity was overwhelmed.
Several previous studies in the field of assisted reproduction have focused on the use of blood gel derivatives, such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), as a treatment for endometrial rehabilitation. ...However, the ability to release growth factors and the gel form of this product led to the evolution of platelet lysates. In this study, blood gel derivatives, including PRF lysate, which was in liquid form, and PRF gel, were collected and evaluated for growth factors. It was shown to be effective in endometrial wound healing and regeneration in mouse injured uterine tissue models through structure and function (pinopode expression, embryo implantation) evaluation. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of growth factors, including PDGF-AB and VEGF-A, were higher in the PRF lysate compared to the PRF gel (p < 0.05). PRF lysate could release these growth factors for 8 days. Furthermore, both PRF gel and PRF lysate restored the morphology of injured endometrial tissues in terms of luminal and glandular epithelia, as well as uterine gland secretory activity. However, the presence of pinopodes and embryonic implantation were only observed in the PRF lysate group. It can be concluded that PRF lysate promotes wound healing in mouse injured tissue models in vitro, which can act as healing products in tissue repair.
LaMnO3 nanopowder was synthesized by the combustion method assisted with microwave irradiation using alanine as fuel and metal nitrate as the oxidant. The effect of fuel/oxidant molar ratio (F ratio) ...on the structure and morphology of the product was studied. The as-produced nanopowder was characterized by Xray diffraction measurement, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. SEM images shows that pure, fine nanopowder with an average particle size of 40 nm was obtained while XRD results revealed that the hexagonal or orthorhombic structure of LaMnO3 nanopowder could be selected by adjusting the amount of fuel. An order-disorder phase transition was also observed by Raman spectroscopy at low temperature under laser heating.
Chemical investigation of the lichen Dirinaria applanata led to isolate nine compounds including a new hopane derivative, 1β-acetoxy-21α-hopane-3β,22-diol (1) together with six phenolic compounds ...naming divaricatinic acid (2), methyl divaricatinate (3), methyl-β-orcinolcarboxylate (4), methyl haematommate (5), divarinol (6), ramalinic acid A (7), and two xanthones namely lichenxanthone (8), 4,5-dichlorolichenxanthone (9). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data in combination with published literature. Except compound 2, all compounds were isolated from this species for the first time.
This study aims to investigate the effects of fine content on the mechanical behavior of embankments constructed from volcanic soil subjected to rainfall and earthquake. To accomplish this purpose, a ...series of 1 g model experiments on slopes using Komaoka volcanic coarse-grained soils as materials was conducted with a spray nozzle and shaking table. In the experiments, shear strain, acceleration, pore water pressure, and saturation degree were monitored and measured to provide an understanding of the failure mechanism of the model embankment with different fine particle contents during post-rainfall earthquakes. The results show that the increase in the fines content of the volcanic soil reduces the permeability of the volcanic embankment but has no significant effect on rainfall-induced slope failure until the shear strain is less than 6%. Moreover, the seismic resistance of volcanic slopes subjected to previous rainfall increases when the fine particle content increases to a certain threshold of about 27%.
In Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, more than one-third of admissions to the two paediatric hospitals are attributable to four infectious syndromes: dengue, diarrhoeal disease, acute respiratory infection, ...and hand, foot and mouth disease. We have established a large prospective birth cohort study to investigate individual, environmental, virological, and immunological determinants of infection and disease in infants. Specific research questions are focused on the role of maternal antibody in protection against infection in infancy, and the adaptive immune response to vaccination and natural infection. This paper presents the cohort design, methods, and baseline characteristics of the participants enrolled in the first two years.
Women are enrolled prior to delivery at one hospital in each of two catchment areas: an urban district in central HCMC, and a mixed urban/rural district in the Mekong Delta 150 km southwest of HCMC. Infants are enrolled within 3 days of birth, and maternal and cord blood samples are collected. Routine blood samples and data on growth, health status and vaccinations are collected from infants at scheduled visits at 4, 9 and 12 months. Clinical data and specimens are collected from infants presenting at a study clinic, or admitted to hospital, with any of the the four infectious syndromes of interest.
In four years since since the study began in July 2009, >6400 infants have been enrolled, and enrolment is ongoing. Attrition is low: 84% of participants have completed the full 12-month follow-up period. Baseline characteristics of the first 4300 enrollees are presented here. We have demonstrated the feasibility of establishing a large prospective study of infectious diseases in infancy in a resource-limited setting, with minimal loss to follow-up. Our linked socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data will help elucidate the viral aetiology and epidemiology of common infectious diseases of infancy, and can inform the implemention of existing and future vaccines. This study furthermore provides a platform to which additional endpoints could be added in the future.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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