We evaluated patients treated with prophylactic intra-arterial administration of fasudil hydrochloride (IAF) after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH).
Between August 1998 and December 2012, 92 patients ...with aneurysmal SAH were treated with IAF for angiographic vasospasm without ischemic symptoms after their follow-up angiography. Patients comprised 50 women and 42 men, aged 24-83 (mean 56.6) years. IAF consisted of 15 mg of fasudil hydrochloride dissolved in 20 ml physiological saline and injected through a catheter during approximately 15 min, after diagnostic angiography. The clinical outcome was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and ischemic lesions resulting from vasospasm were assessed on computed tomography (CT) scan at discharge.
Forty-eight patients underwent surgical clipping and 44 patients underwent endovascular coiling. Angiographic improvement was observed in all patients (100 %). At discharge, 76 (83.0 %) of 92 patients showed good recovery on GOS. Nine patients developed progression of delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND) and three of these patients had ischemic lesions on CT scans. No patient had any significant changes in vital signs or any other adverse effects resulting from IAF.
IAF therapy was safe and effective for patients with vasospasm following SAH. Prophylactic IAF therapy may prevent symptomatic vasospasm.
Risk factors evaluated included systolic blood pressure (BP)>160mmHg, diastolic BP >110mmHg, past history of PIH, Age>40 years, Age<18 years, BMI>35, pre-operative liver dysfunction, renal ...dysfunction, proteinuria, new onset cerebral or visual disturbance, pulmonary edema, gestational diabetes mellitus, multiple pregnancies and twins/triplets. Conclusion: Patients with PIH over age 40 or accompanied with pulmonary edema have an increased risk of developing postpartum HELLP syndrome following cesarean delivery. ...laboratory data should be carefully monitored in these patients after cesarean delivery.
The infiltration process is one of the most useful fabrication methods for metal matrix composites (MMC). Nevertheless, the wettability between the molten metal and ceramics is usually so poor that ...pressured infiltration processes have been widely used. However, this process results in high production costs. Therefore, we have been developing a spontaneous infiltration process using an Al-Si-Mg melt and a SiC preform. The SiC preform, fabricated using a water glass binder mixed with Fe
2
O
3
powder, causes a chemical reaction between the melt and the binder. The preform, dipped into the melt, was spontaneously infiltrated, and the infiltration process was confirmed by measurement of the preform weight change during the dipping. Nevertheless, the infiltration mechanism is still not clarified. To clarify the mechanism and further the development, additional experiments, using SiC particles with grain sizes of 30, 68, 220 and 420 μm, were carried out. In the preform, fabricated only with the fine particles, there is no infiltration. Nevertheless, if these fine particles were enclosed within the 420μm layers, spontaneous infiltration occurs. The onset of the infiltration occurred during the breaking of the melt oxide film along with a decrease in the gas pressure by the chemical reaction between the trapped gases in the preform and the Mg and Al in the melt.
By vaccination with an attenuated Marek’s disease virus (MDV), strain CVI988, chickens are protected from the development of T cell lymphoma caused by an oncogenic MDV. To clarify the role of T ...lymphocyte subsets in the protection mechanisms of this vaccine, vaccinated chickens were depleted of T cell subsets by neonatal thymectomy and injections of monoclonal antibodies specific to chicken CD4 and CD8 molecules, and then challenged with an oncogenic MDV, strain Md5. The MDV titers rescued from CD8⁺ T cells, which are the main targets for latent infection and subsequent transformation by MDV, was much higher in the CD8-deficient vaccinated chickens than in untreated vaccinated chickens at the early stage of the latent phase. However, the neonatal vaccination prevented lymphoma formation by strain Md5 even in either CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cell-depleted chickens. These results suggest that specific CD8⁺ T cell responses induced by the MD vaccine play a crucial role in the prevention of MDV infection during the latent phase, but may not be essential for the prevention of lymphoma formation by an oncogenic MDV.
Changes in the intracellular free calcium levels in the cortical region of cleaving Xenopus eggs were examined using semi-synthetic aequorin. We detected periodic oscillations in the free calcium ...levels accompanying the cleavage cycle as early as the first cleavage onward. The calcium levels began to increase at early interphase and were maximal during metaphase of mitosis. Eggs injected with colchicine to inhibit cleavage showed periodic oscillations in the calcium levels similar to those of normal eggs. This fact indicates that the furrowing process is not necessary for the periodic changes in the intracellular free calcium levels, but the changes are associated with the autonomous periodic cytoplasmic activity which controls cell cycle events.
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