Monografie Pragmatika v cetine se z hlediska ceského jazyka zabývá jevy, pro které se v lingvistice vilo souhrnné oznacení pragmatika". Oproti 1. vydání (Olomouc 2006, ji nekolik let rozebráno) ...obsahuje nove vymezené teoretické stanovisko (tzv. umírnená pragmatika) a nove koncipované tematické okruhy. Poprvé pro cetinu je zde zpracována problematika casové a prostorové deixe, v rámci kapitoly o recových / mluvních aktech se nove probírá podstata tzv. performativnosti, teorie implikatur rovne bere v úvahu témata prezentovaná v ceské lingvistice poprvé. Pozornost je venována také novému vývoji v teorii ne/zdvorilosti a metapragmatice. Okruhy jsou usporádány tak, aby na sebe pohledy na pragmatické jevy pokud mono smysluplne navazovaly a postupne se na sebe vrstvily. Jde o první a dosud jedinou soustavnou pragmatiku cetiny v ceské lingvistice.
The article discusses the origin, occurrence and use of terms referring to syntactic phenomena marked by a lower level of their categorical specialization. While the terms polosponové sloveso ...(‘semi-copula’) and polopredikativní konstrukce (‘semi-predicative construction’) can be considered as traditional, the term polovedlejší věta (‘semi-subordinate clause’) was introduced relatively recently. All of these polo- terms have in common their not entirely clear conceptual background, as well as the fact that they refer to a wide and diverse range of phenomena in Czech syntactic treatises. The present article suggests terminological simplification based on formal, propositional and pragmatic criteria.
Logophoricity in discourse Hirschová, Milada
Topics in linguistics,
12/2020, Letnik:
21, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This paper deals with the notion of logophoricity as a phenomenon pertaining to discourse, not grammar. An examination of the discourse role configurations (discourse environments) proposed by Peter ...Sells has shown that particular configurations are either overloaded by role-multiplication or non-specific. Instead of discourse environments, a general pragmatic matrix (a non-overt abstract sentence) is suggested, anchoring any utterance event to the current speaker’s perspective, including his/her communicative activity and temporal and spatial location. The role of the pragmatic matrix shows that all utterance events can be considered logophoric. At the same time, the pragmatic matrix underlines specific properties of explicit performative formulae.
The article deals with the problems related to phenomenon of so-called sentence equivalents in the description of Czech syntax as well as with the connection of this label to what is termed the ...sentence-utterance distinction. In the 1970s, this distinction was actively discussed by Czech linguists. The article shows that the acceptance or refusal of this distinction as well as the as¬sumed existence of sentence equivalents (mostly identified with context-dependent constructions without verbs) is anchored in the accepted theoretical concept of the very notion of predication. With certain simplification, predication can be considered either a logical-semantic relationship of a predicate to a subject or a speaker’s pragmatic act of predication. What has been called the sentence equivalent might be related to the latter interpretation. Furthermore, the paper maps the occurrence and explanation of what are posited as sentence equivalents in Czech syntactic scholarly texts and school textbooks. With the exception of the outcome of the Functional Gen¬erative Description (Panevová et al., 2014) where sentence equivalents are explained as a result of ellipsis, the exemplification of the phenomenon elsewhere (especially in school textbooks) is inconsistent and confusing. As a result, the paper suggests that this label should not be used due to its conceptual vagueness.
The paper deals with the functioning of if-clauses in mathematical word problems and with their equivalents. First, the nature of a word problem as a text type is shown. Further, the difference ...between complex sentences with proper implicative-causal relation and a lay use of conditional clauses is examined. As its main goal, the paper presents a comparison of various instances of conditional clauses in mathematics word problems. Also, it shows the role of formulaic stereotypy and conventional assumptions in word problem texts as an integral part of both the mathematical and the communicative competence
The paper deals with expressions of evidence (originating in perception, inference or reported information) and their role in sentence/utterance pragmatic modification. It concentrates on the role of ...the so-called sentence adverbials, showing them as scoping / focussing elements the main function of which is a/ to mark focus of an utterance b/ to support speaker´s reasoning. Formal properties of evidential expressions are dissimlar to that point that they cannot be comprised into a unified category.
The article deals with specific features pertaining to the verbal categories of person, mood (partially voice), tense and aspect in illocutionary verbs arising from the occurrence of mentioned verbs ...in performatively used utterances (in the basic form of the 1st person singular indicative, present tense imperfective). The notion of performativity is explained as a pragmatic value of an utterance, based on the accomplishment of a deed (act) denoted by the lexical meaning of a verbum dicendi while the core of the speech act performance consists of the coincidence of locution and illocution (in an Austinian sense). The essential prerequisite making the utterance suitable for performative use is deemed to lie in its temporal qualities, shown through Reichenbach’s tense deconstruction.
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