(1) Background: The dysfunction and reduced proliferation of peripheral CD8
T cells and natural killer (NK) cells have been observed in both aging and cancer patients, thereby challenging the ...adoption of immune cell therapy in these subjects. In this study, we evaluated the growth of these lymphocytes in elderly cancer patients and the correlation of peripheral blood (PB) indices to their expansion. (2) Method: This retrospective study included 15 lung cancer patients who underwent autologous NK cell and CD8
T cell therapy between January 2016 and December 2019 and 10 healthy individuals. (3) Results: On average, CD8
T lymphocytes and NK cells were able to be expanded about 500 times from the PB of elderly lung cancer subjects. Particularly, 95% of the expanded NK cells highly expressed the CD56 marker. The expansion of CD8
T cells was inversely associated with the CD4
:CD8
ratio and the frequency of PB-CD4
T cells in PB. Likewise, the expansion of NK cells was inversely correlated with the frequency of PB-lymphocytes and the number of PB-CD8
T cells. The growth of CD8
T cells and NK cells was also inversely correlated with the percentage and number of PB-NK cells. (4) Conclusion: PB indices are intrinsically tied to immune cell health and could be leveraged to determine CD8 T and NK cell proliferation capacity for immune therapies in lung cancer patients.
Improving quality of life (QOL) is an important objective. This study measured the QOL of farmers in rural areas in Vietnam using the WHOQOL-BREF. 600 farmers from 5 provinces in Vietnam participated ...in the study. Farmers reported low QOL, with psychological dimension had the highest QOL score and environmental dimension had lowest QOL. Male, young, well-educated, married, healthy farmers and farmers who had average living standard, living in small families, living with having less than 3 working members, and have savings were more likely to have higher QOL. However, only 3 factors predicted QOL: education, living standard and number of working members. Implications on Vietnamese family culture and the role of agriculture in modern society were discussed.
Summary
Community health workforce plays a vital role in providing primary health care services as per the needs of residents; however, few studies have examined how nurses work within commune health ...centers (CHCs). Using qualitative methods including interviews and focus group discussions with key stakeholders, this study explores the roles, activities, and competencies required of community nursing services in rural districts within Vietnam. Two primary roles were identified: CHC nursing and family nursing. For the latter, in addition to providing people with general health care and health communication, they were expected to also deliver psychological care. CHC nursing fulfilled more roles and required four specific competencies: clinical care, communication, management, and planning/coordination activities. Despite these various roles serving people within a community, few ongoing efforts at either the local or national level are aimed at supporting these nurses. The study highlights the need for policy decisions via either developing a new job position policy or adapting the existing policy by integrating new roles into the existing positions of CHC nurses in Vietnam.
Sepsis is the most common cause of in-hospital deaths, especially from low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to investigate the mortality rate and associated factors ...from sepsis in intensive care units (ICUs) in an LMIC. We did a multicenter cross-sectional study of septic patients presenting to 15 adult ICUs throughout Vietnam on the 4 days representing the different seasons of 2019. Of 252 patients, 40.1% died in hospital and 33.3% died in ICU. ICUs with accredited training programs (odds ratio, OR: 0.309; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.122-0.783) and completion of the 3-h sepsis bundle (OR: 0.294; 95% CI 0.083-1.048) were associated with decreased hospital mortality. ICUs with intensivist-to-patient ratio of 1:6 to 8 (OR: 4.533; 95% CI 1.621-12.677), mechanical ventilation (OR: 3.890; 95% CI 1.445-10.474) and renal replacement therapy (OR: 2.816; 95% CI 1.318-6.016) were associated with increased ICU mortality, in contrast to non-surgical source control (OR: 0.292; 95% CI 0.126-0.678) which was associated with decreased ICU mortality. Improvements are needed in the management of sepsis in Vietnam such as increasing resources in critical care settings, making accredited training programs more available, improving compliance with sepsis bundles of care, and treating underlying illness and shock optimally in septic patients.
Background
The simple scoring systems for predicting the outcome of sepsis in intensive care units (ICUs) are few, especially for limited-resource settings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate ...the accuracy of the quick Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score in predicting the mortality of ICU patients with sepsis in Vietnam.
Methods
We did a multicenter cross-sectional study of patients with sepsis (≥18 years old) presenting to 15 adult ICUs throughout Vietnam on the specified days (i.e., 9th January, 3rd April, 3rd July, and 9th October) representing the different seasons of 2019. The primary and secondary outcomes were the hospital and ICU all-cause mortalities, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated to determine the discriminatory ability of the qSOFA score for deaths in the hospital and ICU. The cut-off value of the qSOFA scores was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Upon ICU admission, factors associated with the hospital and ICU mortalities were assessed in univariable and multivariable logistic models.
Results
Of 252 patients, 40.1% died in the hospital, and 33.3% died in the ICU. The qSOFA score had a poor discriminatory ability for both the hospital (AUROC: 0.610 95% CI: 0.538 to 0.681; cut-off value: ≥2.5; sensitivity: 34.7%; specificity: 84.1%; P
AUROC
= 0.003) and ICU (AUROC: 0.619 95% CI: 0.544 to 0.694; cutoff value: ≥2.5; sensitivity: 36.9%; specificity: 83.3%; P
AUROC
= 0.002) mortalities. However, multivariable logistic regression analyses show that the qSOFA score of 3 was independently associated with the increased risk of deaths in both the hospital (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 3.358; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.756 to 6.422) and the ICU (AOR: 3.060; 95% CI: 1.651 to 5.671).
Conclusion
In our study, despite having a poor discriminatory value, the qSOFA score seems worthwhile in predicting mortality in ICU patients with sepsis in limited-resource settings.
Clinical trial registration
Clinical trials registry–India:
CTRI/2019/01/016898
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
ObjectivesTo compare the accuracy of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) Scores in predicting mortality among intensive ...care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis in a low-income and middle-income country.DesignA multicentre, cross-sectional study.SettingA total of 15 adult ICUs throughout Vietnam.ParticipantsWe included all patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted to ICUs for sepsis and who were still in ICUs from 00:00 to 23:59 of the specified study days (ie, 9 January, 3 April, 3 July and 9 October of the year 2019).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was hospital all-cause mortality (hospital mortality). We also defined the secondary outcome as all-cause deaths in the ICU (ICU mortality).ResultsOf 252 patients, 40.1% died in hospitals, and 33.3% died in ICUs. SOFA Score (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC): 0.688 (95% CI 0.618 to 0.758); cut-off value≥7.5; PAUROC<0.001) and APACHE II Score (AUROC: 0.689 (95% CI 0.622 to 0.756); cut-off value ≥20.5; PAUROC<0.001) both had a poor discriminatory ability for predicting hospital mortality. However, the discriminatory ability for predicting ICU mortality of SOFA (AUROC: 0.713 (95% CI 0.643 to 0.783); cut-off value≥9.5; PAUROC<0.001) was fair and was better than that of APACHE II Score (AUROC: 0.672 (95% CI 0.603 to 0.742); cut-off value≥18.5; PAUROC<0.001). A SOFA Score≥8 (adjusted OR (AOR): 2.717; 95% CI 1.371 to 5.382) and an APACHE II Score≥21 (AOR: 2.668; 95% CI 1.338 to 5.321) were independently associated with an increased risk of hospital mortality. Additionally, a SOFA Score≥10 (AOR: 2.194; 95% CI 1.017 to 4.735) was an independent predictor of ICU mortality, in contrast to an APACHE II Score≥19, for which this role did not.ConclusionsIn this study, SOFA and APACHE II Scores were worthwhile in predicting mortality among ICU patients with sepsis. However, due to better discrimination for predicting ICU mortality, the SOFA Score was preferable to the APACHE II Score in predicting mortality.Clinical trials registry – India: CTRI/2019/01/016898.
Agarose-MgO composite was used as sorbents for the removal of iron from aqueous solution. The composite was synthesized by entrapping MgO nanoparticles in the porous structure of cylinder agarose ...tablets. The adsorption of iron was investigated under various initial concentrations of ion aqueous solution, time of contact, concentration of initial materials, ions in individual and miscellaneous solutions. The concentration of ion in aqueous solution was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The adsorption capacity of Fe(III) by agarose@MgO composite tablet was 275 mg g
−1
. In individual aqueous solution, the adsorption efficiency follows the order Fe(III) > Al(III) > As(V). In contrast, high adsorption of As(V) diminished the adsorption activity of Fe(III) and Al(III) in multi-component solution. As a result, agarose@MgO composite tablets would be a promising candidate for water treatment.
With the aim to establish a novel nano-formulation with a high nematocidal activity and safety for human as well as the ecosystem, in this work, lipid based nanoemulsions (LNs) co-encapsulating chili ...oil, cinnamon oil and neem oil (NaTri) was prepared by a combined method of homogenization and sonication. The mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential of the prepared NaTri was 156.7 nm, 0.193 and −36.8 mV, respectively. NaTri showed a fast penetration into nematodes as well as plant roots, and it did not show any phytotoxicity. The presence of chili oil has showed a synergistic effect with cinnamon oil and neem oil resulting in a high nematocidal activity of NaTri. Particularly, its in vitro nematocidal activity at a 300 times dilution was 82.3%, while its ex vitro nematocidal activity at a 300 times dilution was more than 75% for the sprinkler irrigation and 91.3% for the drip irrigation. This novel nano-formulation shows great potential of wide application in sustainable horticulture to protect plants from the adverse effects of nematodes.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
One new labdane-type diterpenoid, 3β,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),12E-dien-16,15-olide (1) named curcumatin and twelve known compounds, coronarin D (2), isocoronarin D (3), ...(E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (4), zerumin A (5), (E)-labda-8(17),12-dien-15,16-dioic acid (6), furanodiene (7), linderazulene (8), zedoarol (9), zedoarondiol (10), germacrone-1,10-epoxide (11), germacrone-4,5-epoxide (12), and zingiberenol (13) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Their structures were elucidated by 1D-, 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis, HR-ESI-MS, and comparing with the NMR data reported in the literature. Compounds 2, 5, and 13 significantly inhibited the nitric oxide production effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC
50
values of 8.8 ± 1.7, 4.0 ± 0.9, and 6.2 ± 0.4 µM, respectively.
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