With the wide application of lithium‐ion battery in various fields, the security and reliability of lithium‐ion battery have attracted great attention. Under the mode of continuous development of ...Internet of vehicles technology, vehicles will be connected with each other in the future, and the hackers will attack the energy system of the vehicle. However, health assessment of lithium‐ion battery can timely grasp the running state and health of the power battery system, so as to realize active defense against hacker security attacks. This paper proposes a health assessment method for lithium‐ion batteries using incremental capacity analysis and weighted Kalman filter algorithm. In view of the problem that ordinary Kalman filtering algorithm produces poor filtering results when the actual measurement noise error is large, this paper proposes a weighted Kalman filtering algorithm based on ordinary Kalman filtering. Incremental capacity analysis was performed on the charge and discharge data of lithium‐ion batteries, and health characteristics were extracted to construct a Gaussian nonlinear feature association mapping model for the health characteristics of lithium‐ion batteries. Combined with the battery SOH double‐exponential decay model, the weighted Kalman filter algorithm was used to evaluate the health of lithium‐ion batteries. Four lithium‐ion battery data sets provided by NASA were used to simulate and verify the health assessment method proposed in this paper. The verification results show that the health assessment method based on weighted Kalman filter proposed in this paper has better assessment accuracy than the common Kalman filter method with an average percentage error of 0.61%. The average percentage error of the assessment results for different types of batteries was less than 0.9%. The health assessment method has high accuracy and is suitable for different types of batteries.
Accurate prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion battery plays an increasingly crucial role in the intelligent battery health management systems. The advances in deep learning ...introduce new data-driven approaches to this problem. This paper proposes an integrated deep learning approach for RUL prediction of lithium-ion battery by integrating autoencoder with deep neural network (DNN). First, we present a multi-dimensional feature extraction method with autoencoder model to represent battery health degradation. Then, the RUL prediction model-based DNN is trained for multi-battery remaining cycle life estimation. The proposed approach is applied to the real data set of lithium-ion battery cycle life from NASA, and the experiment results show that the proposed approach can improve the accuracy of RUL prediction.
The transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mediates adaptive responses to oxidative stress by nuclear translocation and regulation of gene expression. Mitochondrial changes are ...critical for the adaptive response to oxidative stress. However, the transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms by which HIF-1α regulates mitochondria in response to oxidative stress are poorly understood. Here, we examined the subcellular localization of HIF-1α in human cells and identified a small fraction of HIF-1α that translocated to the mitochondria after exposure to hypoxia or H2O2 treatment. Moreover, the livers of mice with CCl4-induced fibrosis showed a progressive increase in HIF-1α association with the mitochondria, indicating the clinical relevance of this finding. To probe the function of this HIF-1α population, we ectopically expressed a mitochondrial-targeted form of HIF-1α (mito-HIF-1α). Expression of mito-HIF-1α was sufficient to attenuate apoptosis induced by exposure to hypoxia or H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, mito-HIF-1α expression reduced the production of reactive oxygen species, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the expression of mitochondrial DNA-encoded mRNA in response to hypoxia or H2O2 treatment independently of nuclear pathways. These data suggested that mitochondrial HIF-1α protects against oxidative stress induced-apoptosis independently of its well-known role as a transcription factor.
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•HIF-1α is recruited to mitochondria in response to oxidative stress.•Mitochondrial HIF-1α protects against oxidative stress induced apoptosis.•HIF-1α in mitochondria reduces ROS levels and reverses mitochondrial damage.•Mitochondrial HIF-1α reduces mtDNA encoded mRNA levels.•Mitochondrial HIF-1α may involve in liver fibrosis.
Summary
Eupatorium adenophorum is a malignant invasive plant possessing extraordinary defense potency, but its chemical weaponry and formation mechanism have not yet been extensively investigated.
We ...identified six cadinene sesquiterpenes, including two volatiles (amorpha‐4,7(11)‐diene and (–)‐amorph‐4‐en‐7‐ol) and four nonvolatiles (9‐oxo‐10,11‐dehydroageraphorone, muurol‐4‐en‐3,8‐dione, 9‐oxo‐ageraphorone and 9β‐hydroxy‐ageraphorone), as the major constitutive and inducible chemicals of E. adenophorum. All cadinenes showed potent antifeedant activity against a generalist insect Spodoptera exigua, indicating that they have significant defensive roles.
We cloned and functionally characterized a sesquiterpene synthase from E. adenophorum (EaTPS1), catalyzing the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to amorpha‐4,7(11)‐diene and (–)‐amorph‐4‐en‐7‐ol, which were purified from engineered Escherichia coli and identified by extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. EaTPS1 was highly expressed in the aboveground organs, which was congruent with the dominant distribution of cadinenes, suggesting that EaTPS1 is likely involved in cadinene biosynthesis. Mechanical wounding and methyl jasmonate negatively regulated EaTPS1 expression but caused the release of amorpha‐4,7(11)‐diene and (–)‐amorph‐4‐en‐7‐ol. Nicotiana benthamiana transiently expressing EaTPS1 also produced amorpha‐4,7(11)‐diene and (–)‐amorph‐4‐en‐7‐ol, and showed enhanced defense function.
The findings presented here uncover the role and formation of the chemical defense mechanism of E. adenophorum – which probably contributes to the invasive success of this plant – and provide a tool for manipulating the biosynthesis of biologically active cadinene natural products.
The oncogene MDMX is overexpressed in many cancers, leading to suppression of the tumor suppressor p53. Inhibitors of the oncogene product MDMX therefore might help reactivate p53 and enhance the ...efficacy of DNA-damaging drugs. However, we currently lack a quantitative understanding of how MDMX inhibition affects the p53 signaling pathway and cell sensitivity to DNA damage. Live cell imaging showed that MDMX depletion triggered two distinct phases of p53 accumulation in single cells: an initial postmitotic pulse, followed by low-amplitude oscillations. The response to DNA damage was sharply different in these two phases; in the first phase, MDMX depletion was synergistic with DNA damage in causing cell death, whereas in the second phase, depletion of MDMX inhibited cell death. Thus a quantitative understanding of signal dynamics and cellular states is important for designing an optimal schedule of dual-drug administration.
A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with narrow notched (rejection) band in the UWB passband realized on a microstrip line is implemented and presented in this letter for use in ...wireless communication applications within the unlicensed UWB range set by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The filter consists of five short-circuited stubs separated by nonredundant connecting lines in order to exhibit a high selectivity filtering characteristic. The narrow notched (rejection) band was introduced by using a new technique which involves embedding open stubs in the first and last connecting lines in order to reject any undesired existing radio signal which may interfere with the determined UWB passband. The bandwidth of the notched filter can be controlled by adjusting the width of the stubs or the gaps or both. The length of the stubs can be tuned to select a specific frequency for the notched band. The embedded stubs can be used to excite single or double band-reject response. Two UWB BPFs with narrow notched band having a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of about 4.6% and 6.5% were realized theoretically and verified by full-wave EM simulation and the experiment. Excellent agreement between the predicted and measured results was obtained and is demonstrated
There is growing evidence that neuroinflammation is closely linked to depression. Honokiol, a biologically active substance extracted from
, which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, has ...been shown to exert significant anti-inflammatory effects and improve depression-like behavior caused by inflammation. However, the specific mechanism of action of this activity is still unclear. In this study, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mouse model was used to study the effect of honokiol on depression-like behavior induced by LPS in mice and its potential mechanism. A single administration of LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) increased the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), without affecting autonomous activity. Pretreatment with honokiol (10 mg/kg, oral administration) for 11 consecutive days significantly improved the immobility time of depressed mice in the FST and TST experiments. Moreover, honokiol ameliorated LPS-induced NF-κB activation in the hippocampus and significantly reduced the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interferon γ (IFN-γ). In addition, honokiol inhibited LPS-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activation and quinolinic acid (a toxic product) increase and reduced the level of free calcium in brain tissue, thereby inhibiting calcium overload. In summary, our results indicate that the anti-depressant-like effects of honokiol are mediated by its anti-inflammatory effects. Honokiol may inhibit the LPS-induced neuroinflammatory response through the NF-κB signaling pathway, reducing the levels of related pro-inflammatory cytokines, and furthermore, this may affect tryptophan metabolism and increase neuroprotective metabolites.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous plasticizing agent used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. There is well-documented and broad human exposure to BPA. The potential risk ...that BPA poses to the human health has attracted much attention from regulatory agencies and the general public, and has been extensively studied. An emerging and rapidly growing area in the study of BPA's toxicity is its impact on the cardiovascular (CV) system. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that higher urinary BPA concentration in humans is associated with various types of CV diseases, including angina, hypertension, heart attack and coronary and peripheral arterial disease. Experimental studies have demonstrated that acute BPA exposure promotes the development of arrhythmias in female rodent hearts. Chronic exposure to BPA has been shown to result in cardiac remodeling, atherosclerosis, and altered blood pressure in rodents. The underlying mechanisms may involve alteration of cardiac Ca2+ handling, ion channel inhibition/activation, oxidative stress, and genome/transcriptome modifications. In this review, we discuss these recent findings that point to the potential CV toxicity of BPA, and highlight the knowledge gaps in this growing research area.
In the past as well as present wireless communication systems, the wireless propagation environment is regarded as an uncontrollable black box that impairs the received signal quality, and its ...negative impacts are compensated for by relying on the design of various sophisticated transmission/reception schemes. However, the improvements through applying such schemes operating only at two endpoints (i.e., transmitter and receiver) are limited even after five generations of wireless systems. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) or intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) have emerged as a new and promising technology that can configure the wireless environment in a favorable manner by properly tuning the phase shifts of a large number of quasi passive and low-cost reflecting elements, thus standing out as a promising candidate technology for the next/sixth-generation (6G) wireless system. However, to reap the performance benefits promised by RIS/IRS, efficient signal processing techniques are crucial, for a variety of purposes such as channel estimation, transmission design, radio localization, and so on. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances on RIS/IRS-aided wireless systems from the signal processing perspective.We also highlight promising research directions that are worthy of investigation in the future.
SnS
has been extensive studied as an anode material for sodium storage owing to its high theoretical specific capacity, whereas the unsatisfied initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) caused by the ...partial irreversible conversion reaction during the charge/discharge process is one of the critical issues that hamper its practical applications. Hence, heterostructured SnS
/Mn
SnS
/carbon nanoboxes (SMS/C NBs) have been developed by a facial wet-chemical method and utilized as the anode material of sodium ion batteries. SMS/C NBs can deliver an initial capacity of 841.2 mAh g
with high ICE of 90.8%, excellent rate capability (752.3, 604.7, 570.1, 546.9, 519.7, and 488.7 mAh g
at the current rate of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 A g
, respectively), and long cycling stability (522.5 mAh g
at 5.0 A g
after 500 cycles). The existence of SnS
/Mn
SnS
heterojunctions can effectively stabilize the reaction products Sn and Na
S, greatly prevent the coarsening of nanosized Sn
, and enhance reversible conversion--alloying reaction, which play a key role in improving the ICE and extending the cycling performance. Moreover, the heterostructured SMS coupled with the interacting carbon network provides efficient channels for electrons and Na
diffusion, resulting in an excellent rate performance.
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