Objective
To characterize the clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of unilateral cortical FLAIR-hyperintense Lesions in Anti-MOG-associated Encephalitis with Seizures ...(FLAMES).
Methods
This is a case report and systematic review of the literature to identify cases of unilateral cortical FLAMES. Cases were reviewed to determine the frequency of clinical symptoms (seizures, headache, fever and cortical symptoms referable to FLAMES location), and to determine whether MRI abnormalities are restricted to the unilateral cortex in this syndrome.
Results
We identified 20 cases of unilateral cortical FLAMES for review. Among them, 17/20 (85%) had seizures, 14/20 (70%) had headache, 13/20 (65%) had fever, 11/20 (55%) reported cortical symptoms referable to the FLAMES location, and 19/20 (95%) reported at least two of these four findings. On MRI 4/20 (20%) had some contralateral hemispheric cortical signal abnormality, and 6/20 (30%) had MRI findings concerning for meningeal inflammation.
Conclusions
In patients with unilateral cortical FLAMES, the clinical symptoms of seizures, headache, fever and cortical symptoms referable to the FLAMES location are frequent. Although initially described as a unilateral cortical encephalitis, bilateral cortical involvement and possible meningeal inflammation could indicate a broader disease spectrum. Recognition of this distinct clinico-radiographic syndrome may facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment.
The macrocyclic ligand calix4arene (
L1
) and its sulphur-containing analogue thia4calixarene (
L2
) are promising precursors for functional molecular materials as they offer rational ...functionalization with various organic groups. Here, we present the first example of lanthanide-based coordination polymers built from the macrocyclic thiacalix4arene backbone bearing four carboxylic moieties, namely, ligand
H
4
L3
. The combination of
H
4
L3
with the Tb
3+
and Dy
3+
cations led to the formation of 1D ladder-type coordination polymers with the formula Ln
III
HL3
DMF
3
·(DMF) (where DMF = dimethylformamide and Ln = Tb or Dy, denoted as
HL3-Tb
and
HL3-Dy
), which resulted from the coordination of the lanthanide cations with the partially deprotonated ligand
HL3
3−
that behaved as a T-shape connector. The coordination sphere around the metal was completed by the coordinated DMF solvent molecules. By combining both Tb
3+
and Dy
3+
cations, isostructural heterobimetallic solid solutions
HL3-Tb
1−
x
Dy
x
were also prepared.
HL3-Tb
and
HL3-Dy
showed visible light photoluminescence originating from the f-f electronic transitions of pale green emissive Tb
3+
and pale yellow emissive Dy
3+
with efficient sensitization by the functionalized thia4calixarene ligand
HL3
. In the
HL3-Tb
1−
x
Dy
x
solid solutions, the Tb/Dy ratio governed both the emission colour as well as the emission quantum yield, which reached even 28% at room temperature for
HL3-Tb
. Moreover,
HL3-Dy
exhibited a slow magnetic relaxation effect related to the magnetic anisotropy of the dodecahedral Dy
3+
complexes, which were well isolated in the crystal lattice by expanded organic spacers.
The single crystals of the two isostructural Tb
3+
- and Dy
3+
-based coordination polymers (
HL3-Tb
and
HL3-Dy
) were structurally characterized, and their photophysical properties were investigated, together with their corresponding solid solutions.
Kaes et al present the diverse variety of molecules comprising at least two 2,2'-bipyridine units in the form of an exhaustive database. Their aim is to provide an overall view on the most explored ...chelate system in coordination chemistry.
Molecular networks in the crystalline phase are infinite periodic molecular assemblies formed under self-assembly conditions between self-complementary or complementary tectons. These millimeter-size ...structures may be regarded as hypermolecules formed by supramolecular synthesis using reversible intertecton interactions. Molecular tectonics, based on molecular recognition events and their iteration, is the approach dealing with design and preparation of molecular networks in the solid state. In this Account, an overview of the rational behind this approach is presented. A variety of molecular networks based on van der Waals interactions and hydrogen and coordination bonding possessing diverse connectivity and topology are discussed.
The combination, under mild conditions, of the methylenecarboxylic-appended tetramercaptotetrathiacalix4arene (TMTCA) derivative 4 , blocked in the 1,3-alternate conformation, with acetate salts of ...octahedral copper( ii ), manganese( ii ), nickel( ii ) and zinc( ii ) leads to the formation, in the crystalline state, of high dimensional coordination networks. Depending on the nature of the used metal cations and bases (pyridine or non-coordinating Et 3 N), six new different high-dimensional coordination polymers have been evidenced, presenting 4 different coordination patterns. All the compounds present a metal/ 4 ratio equal to 2/1. The formation of a 2D grid-like compound ( 4 -Zn 2 (Py) 4 ) and three different pseudodiamondoid-like 3D compounds ( 4 -Co 2 (Py) 6 (H 2 O) 2 , 4 -Ni 2 (Py) 6 (H 2 O) 2 , 4 -Mn 2 (Py) 4 (MeOH) 2 , 4 -Mn 2 (DMF) 2 (MeOH) 4 and 4 -Zn 2 (MeOH) 4 ) is observed.
The synthesis and binding propensity towards copper of new ligands based on calix4arene and thiacalix4arene backbones in 1,3-Alternate conformation bearing four iminocatechol coordinating units are ...described.
Display omitted
•Calix4arene and thiacalix4arene multivalent ligands in 1,3-Alternate conformation.•Macrocyclic ligands with four divergently disposed iminomethyl-catechol units.•Binuclear Copper(II) complexes with 03N deformed square planar coordination sphere.•Binding propensy: solid-state study and behaviour in solution.
Two new multivalent ligands 1 and 2, based on calix4arene and thiacalix4arene backbones in 1,3-Alternate conformation, bearing four iminocatechol coordinating units have been prepared and structurally characterized both in solution and in the crystalline phase. Combinations of compounds 1 and 2 with Cu(II) afford neutral binuclear complexes 1-Cu2 and 2-Cu2, characterized in the solid state. In both cases, the metal centre, surrounded by a O3N set of heteroatoms, adopts a deformed square planar coordination geometry. In solution, the propensity of ligands 1 and 2 to bind M2+ cations ((M=Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) was also demonstrated. In 1/1 MeOH/CHCl3 mixture and at room temperature, the following stability sequence Ni2+<Zn2+<Co2+≪Cu2+ was observed for both binuclear 1-M2 and 2-M2 complexes.
Understanding spatial population dynamics is fundamental for many questions in ecology and conservation. Many theoretical mechanisms have been proposed whereby spatial structure can promote ...population persistence, in particular for exploiter-victim systems (host-parasite/pathogen, predator-prey) whose interactions are inherently oscillatory and therefore prone to extinction of local populations. Experiments have confirmed that spatial structure can extend persistence, but it has rarely been possible to identify the specific mechanisms involved. Here we use a model-based approach to identify the effects of spatial population processes in experimental systems of bean plants (Phaseolus lunatus), herbivorous mites (Tetranychus urticae) and predatory mites (Phytoseiulus persimilis). On isolated plants, and in a spatially undivided experimental system of 90 plants, prey and predator populations collapsed; however, introducing habitat structure allowed long-term persistence. Using mechanistic models, we determine that spatial population structure did not contribute to persistence, and spatially explicit models are not needed. Rather, habitat structure reduced the success of predators at locating prey outbreaks, allowing between-plant asynchrony of local population cycles due to random colonization events.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Supramolecular synthesis, by combining molecules through non-covalent interactions, makes it possible to build up extremely sophisticated supramolecular assemblies in the solid state and offers ...endless architectural possibilities.
Heat-induced solid-state decarboxylation of tetra(malonatemethylene) based cyclophane leads to its tetra(2-carboxyethyl) derivative in quantitative yield. This reaction provides more thermostable ...substance compared to the product of the same cyclophane decarboxylation in solution. The studied cyclophanes have been characterized by means of simultaneous thermal analysis involving thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and mass spectrometry of evolved gases as well as fast scanning calorimetry, a method preferable to investigate the compounds with relatively low thermal stability.
Herein, the multistep synthesis of eight new ligands based on either calix4arene or thiacalix4arene backbone blocked in a 1,3-alternate conformation was achieved. Both types of backbones were ...functionalized with pyridyl coordinating units using either imino or amino junctions. The introduction of the pyridyl units was achieved using either the position 3 ( meta ) or 4 ( para ) of the aromatic moiety. Moreover, four out of the eight ligands were structurally investigated in the solid state via X-ray diffraction methods on single crystals.
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