Silicon detectors are often used in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments as tracking and vertexing devices. Many scientific institutes are equipped with setups able to electrically characterize ...those detectors e.g. for quality assurance reasons. Such probe stations can be easily extended to measure resistivities and doping profiles in the bulk material and in doped regions by using the Spreading Resistance Probe (SRP) technique. After an introduction to the method, this paper describes how an existing probe station, that has been used for electrical measurements on strip detectors, has been modified to perform SRP measurements. The presented results prove that the method is reliable and capable of characterizing doping regions as thin as one micron. Beside profiling implants, SRP measurements have the potential to deliver the basis for investigations of bulk material defects in heavily irradiated samples.
The quality and functionality of a silicon sensor strongly depends on the effective doping concentration of the active silicon bulk. The creation of additional defects, by certain steps in the ...production or through irradiation in a particle beam, can heavily influence its performance. Several methods exist to characterise the bulk material for a silicon sensor. C-V characterisation is a widely implemented, non-destructive method to extract the depth profile of N sub(eff). A technique which is rarely used at laboratories developing silicon sensors is Spreading Resistance Profiling (SRP) which directly measures the resistivity of the silicon. We will show, that a comparison of measurements from these two methods can yield important information on the defect concentration in the bulk of the silicon. To demonstrate the technique, we investigated a sensor material where the active region was reduced using a deep diffusion process which is assumed to create additional defects in the bulk.
The development of diamond tracking detectors for the LHC Adam, W.; Berdermann, E.; Bergonzo, P. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2003, Letnik:
514, Številka:
1-3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Chemical vapor deposition diamond has been discussed extensively as an alternate sensor material for use very close to the interaction region of the LHC where extreme radiation conditions exist. ...During the last few years diamond devices have been manufactured and tested with LHC electronics with the goal of creating a detector usable by all LHC experiment. Extensive progress on diamond quality, on the development of diamond trackers and on radiation hardness studies has been made. Transforming the technology to the LHC specific requirements is now underway. In this paper we present the recent progress achieved.
Optimising the strip geometry for very fine pitch silicon strip sensors Dragicevic, M.; Bergauer, T.; Dolezal, Z. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2010, Letnik:
617, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Future collider experiments will require tracking detectors with more precise silicon sensors for improved track reconstruction precision and possibly with the ability to provide input to the first ...level trigger. One way to enhance the tracking performance is the minimization of the readout pitch. We investigated the performance of such fine pitch strip sensors using multigeometry testsensors with a fixed readout pitch of
50
μ
m
and a varying number of intermediate strips and different strip widths. Results from a testbeam with
120
GeV
/
c
pions are presented, suggesting the best geometry for optimal spatial resolution. Furthermore we studied the possibility to derive the incidence angle of a particle from the cluster width, which could be used as a tracking trigger on transverse momentum.
As a result of the high luminosity phase of the SLHC, for CMS a tracking system with very high granularity is mandatory and the sensors will have to withstand an extreme radiation environment of up ...to 10
16
part/
2. On this basis, a new geometry with silicon short strip sensors (strixels) is proposed. To understand their performances, test geometries are developed whose parameters can be verified and optimized using simulation of semiconductor structures. We have used the TCAD-ISE (SYNOPSYS package) software in order to simulate the main electrical parameters of different strip geometries, for p-in-n-type wafers.
Review of the development of diamond radiation sensors Adam, W; Bauer, C; Berdermann, E ...
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,
1999, Letnik:
434, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Diamond radiation sensors produced by chemical vapour deposition are studied for the application as tracking detectors in high luminosity experiments. Sensors with a charge collection distance up to ...250 μm have been manufactured. Their radiation hardness has been studied with pions, proton and neutrons up to fluences of
1.9×10
15
π
cm
−2,
5×10
15
p cm
−2 and 1.35×10
15 n cm
−2, respectively. Diamond micro-strip detectors with 50 μm pitch have been exposed in a high-energy test beam in order to investigate their charge collection properties. The measured spatial resolution using a centre-of-gravity position finding algorithm corresponds to the digital resolution for this strip pitch. First results from a strip tracker with a 2×4 cm
2 surface area are reported as well as the performance of a diamond tracker read out by radiation-hard electronics with 25 ns shaping time. Diamond pixel sensors have been prepared to match the geometries of the recently available read-out chip prototypes for ATLAS and CMS. Beam test results are shown from a diamond detector bump-bonded to an ATLAS prototype read-out. They demonstrate a 98% bump-bonding efficiency and a digital resolution in both dimensions.
Status of the R&D activity on diamond particle detectors Adam, W.; Bellini, B.; Berdermann, E. ...
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,
09/2003, Letnik:
511, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) polycrystalline diamond has been proposed as a radiation-hard alternative to silicon in the extreme radiation levels occurring close to the interaction region of the ...Large Hadron Collider. Due to an intense research effort, reliable high-quality polycrystalline CVD diamond detectors, with up to
270
μm
charge collection distance and good spatial uniformity, are now available. The most recent progress on the diamond quality, on the development of diamond trackers and on radiation hardness studies are presented and discussed.
The upgrade of the LHC to the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is expected to increase the LHC design luminosity by an order of magnitude. This will require silicon tracking detectors with a ...significantly higher radiation hardness. The CMS Tracker Collaboration has conducted an irradiation and measurement campaign to identify suitable silicon sensor materials and strip designs for the future outer tracker at the CMS experiment. Based on these results, the collaboration has chosen to use n-in-p type silicon sensors and focus further investigations on the optimization of that sensor type. This paper describes the main measurement results and conclusions that motivated this decision.
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