Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by core behavioral impairments, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are commonly reported. Subsets of ASD individuals display dysbiosis of the gut ...microbiota, and some exhibit increased intestinal permeability. Here we demonstrate GI barrier defects and microbiota alterations in a mouse model displaying features of ASD, maternal immune activation (MIA). Oral treatment of MIA offspring with the human commensal
Bacteroides fragilis
corrects gut permeability, alters microbial composition and ameliorates ASD-related defects in communicative, stereotypic, anxiety-like and sensorimotor behaviors. MIA offspring display an altered serum metabolomic profile, and
B. fragilis
modulates levels of several metabolites. Treating naïve mice with a metabolite that is increased by MIA and restored by
B. fragilis
causes behavioral abnormalities, suggesting that gut bacterial effects on the host metabolome impact behavior. Taken together, these findings support a gut-microbiome-brain connection in ASD and identify a potential probiotic therapy for GI and behavioral symptoms of autism.
Abstract Objectives Literature on the influence of smoking prevalence at school-level on the smoking initiation among elementary school children is scarce. The aim of the current study was to explore ...this in school clusters stratified according to student's perceived smoking prevalence in the school while adjusting for social impact of individual students. Method The data was obtained from a survey administered to 13 elementary schools in Taoyuan County, a final sample of 1585 3rd and 4th grade students. Multi-level logistic regression analysis (MLRA) was used to examine the influence variable at school-level as well as individual socio-environment level had on smoking status of elementary schools students. Results Attending a school where the students reported a perception of high smoking prevalence had a greater effect on smoking behavior in boys than girls when compared with students attending a lower smoking prevalence school, after adjustment for student-level characteristics. Conclusions Our study confirmed that a broader school environment with a high student perception of smoking prevalence is associated with children's smoking behavior in boys. The findings further indicate the need for enforcement of anti-smoking policies within schools with higher smoking rates to reduce visibility of smoking among school children.
Crayfish were exposed to a range of potassium dichromate concentrations (0.15, 0.30, 3.0 and 30 mg l
−1) for periods up to 7 weeks. Chromium bioaccumulation in all tissues over the 7 week exposure ...period was not consistently time- and dose-dependent. The order of distribution of chromium into the various tissues was dependent upon the exposure concentration of the metal. Chromium clearance studies conducted 1 and 3 weeks following exposure demonstrated a concentration reduction in most tissues only at the highest exposure concentration of chromium (30 mg l
−1). Histological studies demonstrated damage to both the gills and hepatopancreas at the lowest exposure concentration. The results suggest that the red swamp crayfish,
Procambarus clarkii, is a useful biomarker for chromium exposure.
25th anniversary families in a changing world Chekki, Dan A; Chafetz, Janet Saltzman; Hagan, Jacqueline ...
Journal of comparative family studies,
07/1996, Letnik:
XXVII, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Reviews Hilton, R. H.; Bolton, J. L.; Collinson, Patrick ...
The Economic history review,
04/1967, Letnik:
20, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Book Reviews in This Article:
F. R. H.
du
B
oulay
.
The Lordship of Canterbury. An Essay on Medieval Society
.
E
lspeth
M. V
eale
.
The English Fur Trade in the Later Middle Ages
.
Faculty Office ...Registers, 1534‐1549. A Calendar of the first two Registers of the Archbishop of Canterbury s Faculty Office
.
A. J. S
lavin
.
Politics and Profit: a study of Sir Ralph Sadler, 1507‐47
.
D. M. L
ivock
(Ed.).
City Chamberlains’ Accounts in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
.
A. M. E
veritt
.
The Community of Kent and the Great Rebellion
.
P
eter
L
aslett
.
The World We Have Lost
.
L
ionel
M
unby
.
Hertfordshire Population Statistics
.
A. D. F
rancis
.
The Methuens and Portugal, 1691‐1708
.
D. F. M
c
K
enzie
.
The Cambridge University Press, 1696‐1712. A Bibliographical Study
.
S
ir
F
rancis
H
ill
.
Georgian Lincoln
.
Camden Miscellany
.
R. M. B
arton
.
A History of the Cornish China‐Clay Industry
.
J
ohn
B
urnett
.
Plenty and Want. A Social History of Diet in England from 1815 to the Present Day
.
M. W. F
linn
(Ed.).
Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain, by Edwin Chadwick, 1842
.
E. J. H
obsbawm
.
Labouring Men. Studies in the History of Labour
.
F
rank
W
hitson
F
etter
.
Development of British Monetary Orthodoxy, 1797‐1875
.
J. M. H
ussey
(Ed.).
The Cambridge Medieval History
.
H
enry
J. C
ohn
.
The Government of the Rhine Palatinate in the Fifteenth Century
.
C
arlo
M. C
ipolla
.
Guns and Sails in the Early Phase of European Expansion, 1400‐1700
.
A
lain
D
ubois
.
Die Salzversorgung des Wallis, 1500‐1610. Wirtschaft und Politik
.
Z. Y. H
ershlag
.
Introduction to the Economic History of the Middle East
.
S
unil
K
umar
S
en
.
Studies in Industrial Policy and Development of India
.
F
rank
H. H. K
ing
.
Money and Monetary Policy in China, 1845‐1895
.
W
illiam
W. L
ockwood
(Ed.).
The State and Economic Enterprise in Japan
.
E
ijiro
H
onjo
.
The Social and Economic History of Japan
.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
S
tuart
B
ruchey
.
The Roots of American Economic Growth, 1607‐1861: An Essay in Social Causation
.
D
aniel
H. C
alhoun
.
Professional Lives in America: Structure and Aspiration, 1750‐1850
.
F
rederick
G. J
ensen
.
Capital Growth in Early America
.
A
lice
E. S
mith
.
George Smith's Money
.
A
lbert
F
ishlow
.
American Railroads and the Transformation of the Ante Bellum Economy
.
E
ugene
D. G
enovese
.
The Political Economy of Slavery, Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South
.
D
avid
T. G
ilchrist
and W. D
avid
L
ewis
(Eds.).
Economic Change in the Civil War Era
.
T
homas
J. P
ressly
and W
illiam
H. S
cofield
(Eds.).
Farm Real Estate Values in the United States by Counties, 1850‐1959
.
T
homas
W. G
avett
.
Development of the Labor Movement in Milwaukee
.
G
abriel
K
olko
.
Railroads and Regulation, 1877‐1916
.
J. D. B. D
e
B
ow
.
The Industrial Resources, Statistics, etc. of the United States
.
T
homas
R. B
rooks
.
Toil and Trouble: A History of American Labor
.
H
arvey
S. P
erloff
, E
dgar
S. D
unn
, Jr, E
ric
E. L
ampard
, and R
ichard
F. M
uth
.
Regions, Resources, and Economic Growth
.
J. V
an
F
enstermaker
.
The Development of American Commercial Banking: 1782‐1837
.
R
obert
F. D
urden
.
The Climax of Populism: The Election of 1896
.
C
edric
B. C
owing
.
Populists, Plungers, and Progressives: A Social History of Stock and Commodity Speculation, 1890‐1936
.
M
arshall
R. C
olberg
.
Human Capital in Southern Development, 1939‐1963
.
J
oe
S. B
ain
.
International Differences in Industrial Structure: Eight Mations in the 1950's
.
J
acob
S
chmookler
.
Invention and Economic Growth
.
M. D
a
P
ozzo
and G. F
elloni
.
La Borsa Valori di Genova nel secolo XIX
.
V
alerio
C
astronovo
.
L'industria laniera in Piemonte nel secolo XIX
.
PERIODICAL LITERATURE, 1965
Reviews Hilton, R. H.; Bolton, J. L.; Collinson, Patrick ...
The Economic History Review,
April 1967, Letnik:
20, Številka:
1
Book Review
Recenzirano
Book Reviews in This Article:
F. R. H. du Boulay. The Lordship of Canterbury. An Essay on Medieval Society.
Elspeth M. Veale. The English Fur Trade in the Later Middle Ages.
Faculty Office Registers, ...1534‐1549. A Calendar of the first two Registers of the Archbishop of Canterbury s Faculty Office.
A. J. Slavin. Politics and Profit: a study of Sir Ralph Sadler, 1507‐47.
D. M. Livock (Ed.). City Chamberlains’ Accounts in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.
A. M. Everitt. The Community of Kent and the Great Rebellion.
Peter Laslett. The World We Have Lost.
Lionel Munby. Hertfordshire Population Statistics.
A. D. Francis. The Methuens and Portugal, 1691‐1708.
D. F. McKenzie. The Cambridge University Press, 1696‐1712. A Bibliographical Study.
Sir Francis Hill. Georgian Lincoln.
Camden Miscellany.
R. M. Barton. A History of the Cornish China‐Clay Industry.
John Burnett. Plenty and Want. A Social History of Diet in England from 1815 to the Present Day.
M. W. Flinn (Ed.). Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain, by Edwin Chadwick, 1842.
E. J. Hobsbawm. Labouring Men. Studies in the History of Labour.
Frank Whitson Fetter. Development of British Monetary Orthodoxy, 1797‐1875.
J. M. Hussey (Ed.). The Cambridge Medieval History.
Henry J. Cohn. The Government of the Rhine Palatinate in the Fifteenth Century.
Carlo M. Cipolla. Guns and Sails in the Early Phase of European Expansion, 1400‐1700.
Alain Dubois. Die Salzversorgung des Wallis, 1500‐1610. Wirtschaft und Politik.
Z. Y. Hershlag. Introduction to the Economic History of the Middle East.
Sunil Kumar Sen. Studies in Industrial Policy and Development of India.
Frank H. H. King. Money and Monetary Policy in China, 1845‐1895.
William W. Lockwood (Ed.). The State and Economic Enterprise in Japan.
Eijiro Honjo. The Social and Economic History of Japan.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Stuart Bruchey. The Roots of American Economic Growth, 1607‐1861: An Essay in Social Causation.
Daniel H. Calhoun. Professional Lives in America: Structure and Aspiration, 1750‐1850.
Frederick G. Jensen. Capital Growth in Early America.
Alice E. Smith. George Smith's Money.
Albert Fishlow. American Railroads and the Transformation of the Ante Bellum Economy.
Eugene D. Genovese. The Political Economy of Slavery, Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South.
David T. Gilchrist and W. David Lewis (Eds.). Economic Change in the Civil War Era.
Thomas J. Pressly and William H. Scofield (Eds.). Farm Real Estate Values in the United States by Counties, 1850‐1959.
Thomas W. Gavett. Development of the Labor Movement in Milwaukee.
Gabriel Kolko. Railroads and Regulation, 1877‐1916.
J. D. B. De Bow. The Industrial Resources, Statistics, etc. of the United States.
Thomas R. Brooks. Toil and Trouble: A History of American Labor.
Harvey S. Perloff, Edgar S. Dunn, Jr, Eric E. Lampard, and Richard F. Muth. Regions, Resources, and Economic Growth.
J. Van Fenstermaker. The Development of American Commercial Banking: 1782‐1837.
Robert F. Durden. The Climax of Populism: The Election of 1896.
Cedric B. Cowing. Populists, Plungers, and Progressives: A Social History of Stock and Commodity Speculation, 1890‐1936.
Marshall R. Colberg. Human Capital in Southern Development, 1939‐1963.
Joe S. Bain. International Differences in Industrial Structure: Eight Mations in the 1950's.
Jacob Schmookler. Invention and Economic Growth.
M. Da Pozzo and G. Felloni. La Borsa Valori di Genova nel secolo XIX.
Valerio Castronovo. L'industria laniera in Piemonte nel secolo XIX.
PERIODICAL LITERATURE, 1965
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