Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns of suicide by jumping in Taiwan and to examine the effects of the availability of high-rise buildings on suicide completers' ...propensity to jump from heights. Methods: Data on all completed suicides during the period 1994-2007 (n=50,705) were derived from the cause of death database provided by the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. The proportion of high-rise building at the township-level (n=358) came from the 2000 census of population and housing. Exploratory spatial data analysis methods were used to investigate the spatial patterns of proportions of suicide by jumping and high-rise buildings. Multilevel logistic regressions were employed to assess the association between the township-level availability of high-rise buildings and the individual's choice of suicide methods. Results: The proportion of suicide by jumping showed a significant spatial dependence (Moran's I=0.551, p＜0.001). Hot spots were detected in Keelung-Taipei-
The three purposes of this study were (a) exploring how parental ethnic intermarriage influences adult children's ethnic intermarriages, and to determine differences among Mainlander, Hakka, and ...Fukien Taiwanese; (b) clarifying intergenerational influences from ethnic intermarriages and how such influences vary according to adult children's education; and (c) examining differences in intergenerational influences from ethnic intermarriages in terms of social distances among ethnic groups from the perspectives of grooms (i.e., getting daughters-in-law) and brides (i.e., getting sons-in-law). Data are from the 1992-2005 Taiwan Social Change Survey conducted by the Academia Sinica Institute of Sociology. Data on 11,275 intergenerational matched pairs of ethnic intermarriages were used to test six hypotheses. Results from logistic regression models indicate that adult children are more likely to marry across ethnicities when their parents have ethnic intermarriages. Statistically significant differences were found
To explain trends in income inequality among families with children in Taiwan from 1980 to 2006, we decompose changes in income inequality to the contribution of residence urbanization, family ...structure, education, and age of the primary wage earner in terms of compositional effect of family changes and income effect of labor market changes. Using annual data from the Survey of Family Income and Expenditures, we applied variance function regressions to analyze mean and variance across family income inequality. Our results indicate an increase in variance of one-third from 1980 to 2006. Between-group differences among various family subgroups was found to be the major source of worsening income inequality before 2000, and both within-and between-group differences among various family subgroups were equally responsible after 2000. We found that the compositional effects of increasing labor force participation for women, educational expansion, and urbanization are suppressors of family income inequality. Identif
Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns of suicide by jumping in Taiwan and to examine the effects of the availability of high-rise buildings on suicide completers' ...propensity to jump from heights. Methods: Data on all completed suicides during the period 1994-2007 (n=50,705) were derived from the cause of death database provided by the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. The proportion of high-rise building at the township-level (n=358) came from the 2000 census of population and housing. Exploratory spatial data analysis methods were used to investigate the spatial patterns of proportions of suicide by jumping and high-rise buildings. Multilevel logistic regressions were employed to assess the association between the township-level availability of high-rise buildings and the individual's choice of suicide methods. Results: The proportion of suicide by jumping showed a significant spatial dependence (Moran's I=0.551, p<0.001). Hot spots were detected in Keelung-Taipei-
Compares factors related to population aging in Taipei City & rural areas of Taiwan, in terms of changes in fertility, mortality, & migration rates, based on demographic statistics, 1968-1993. ...Findings reveal that changes in fertility & mortality rates have had greater impact on population aging in rural areas as compared to both Taiwan overall & to Taipei. Migration has led to increases in the aging structure of rural areas & decreases in Taipei. 38 References. Adapted from the source document.
While most previous studies focus on the effect of adolescents' characteristics on the friendship network and its structure, this study argues that both friendship network characteristics and the ...interaction context structure have significant effects on adolescents' friendship dynamics. It examines how the interaction context structure of friendship influences the effect of network characteristics on friendship dynamics. In this study, friendship network data from the 1996-1998 Panel Study of Taipei Youths is used to examine whether the friendship attributes and behavioural similarities of adolescents influence friendship changes and whether these effects vary across interaction contexts in terms of class size and class type to increase understanding of how adolescents' friendships evolve in a two-level conceptual framework. A two-stage cluster analysis is applied to characterize friends' change types and a two-level ordinal logit regression is utilized to investigate the research hypotheses. The results show
Bottom-up and governance paradigms are becoming more prevalent in rural community planning in East Asia. Rural communities must enhance their institutional capacities, which are the baseline for ...planning future changes. However, few studies have analyzed the relationship between institutional capacity and rural community planning. Using a quantitative method of event history analysis, we compared the hazards of establishing conferences and plan approval from the Sato-dzukuri of Kobe City, Japan. We examined the effect of institutional capacity on rural community planning for the conference establishment and plan approval. We found that knowledge resources and relational resources are related to the proxy mobilization capacity for conference establishment. These resources are related to plan approval, although no relationship exists between conference establishment and plan approval. Conferences can be planned more rapidly than plans for approval can be, although both require substantial time. Communities with rural contexts present more rapid conference establishment than do suburban areas, whereas there are no significant differences in plan approval. This suggests that rural communities require more effort for the plan approval process. Rural community planning should judiciously address issues of institutional capacity regarding restrained knowledge resources and progress management, and should maintain vigilance regarding administration to achieve local governance.
The influence of household type on reproductive behavior is examined using interview data from a 1980 national probability sample of Taiwanese married couples (total N = 10,624) with wives aged ...15-49. In spite of remarkable SE development over the past three decades, extended families are still widely found in Taiwan. Women in extended households have only slightly higher fertility preferences & current fertility than women in nuclear families, once marital duration is controlled. Although women in extended households marry earlier & receive more family help with child care than women in nuclear households, such factors are no longer sufficient to produce major differentials in reproductive behavior. Results suggest that preferences for smaller families & low fertility need not await a transformation to a nuclear family structure. 4 Tables, 14 References. HA
This paper explores couples' trajectories of marital quality and their determinants among Taiwanese families, examines the inter-relationship and mutual influence between wives and husbands' ...trajectories, and tests the differences in couple's trajectories among various marital-duration groups. The measurement of marital quality includes satisfaction, regret, and total quality. A total of 328 marital couples in the Taipei area having consecutive three waves of data are analyzed. Dyadic growth-curve multilevel analysis is employed to analyze the trajectory and the effect of individual time-varying and time-invariant covariates and family common variables on changes in marital quality. Marital satisfaction and total marital quality show a linear decline, but marital regret shows a linear increase in trajectories, for both wives and husbands. Changes in the trajectory of marital quality vary by their mental and physical health and perceived conflict, and they also vary by level of education, subjective economic life, living with husband's parent, and number of children in various marital- duration groups. The trajectories of marital quality differ between wives and husbands, but show a strong inter-relationship and the mutual influence of a couple. Finally, trajectories of marital quality and its relationship and the mutual influence of a couple shows an inconsistent pattern among couple groups with different marital durations. Whereas the marital quality does not significantly decline for new married couples in the first three years, the marital quality shows a significant decrease for couples with marriage durations longer than three years. Adapted from the source document.
The impact of female employment on fertility preferences and behavior is examined with data from a 1980 national sample of Taiwanese women. The guiding hypothesis is that the greater the involvement ...of women in the impersonal market sector, the lower the fertility preferences, the longer the first birth interval, and the lower the actual fertility. Findings reveal that female employment in Taiwan is only weakly related to reproductive behavior. Even with increased participation of women in the modern market sector, female employment apparently has little impact on fertility preferences or behavior. Implications are drawn for policies aimed at lowering fertility.
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