Lately, a series of adsorbents with conjugated structures were developed and found to be efficient for the removal of seriously hazardous radionuclide iodine. Herein, we present designed two novel ...cyclophosphazene-based electron-enriched π-conjugation hybrid polymers on the basis of the Friedel-Craft alkylation cross-linking strategy between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and thiophene or pyrrole, which was correspondingly abbreviated as CPP-Tp and CPP-Pyr. CPP-Tp and CPP-Pyr displayed excellent volatile iodine capture capacity up to 346 wt% and 297 wt%, respectively. Remarkably, in spite of the poor porosity, CPP-Tp presented outstanding iodine capture capacity per unit BET surface area up to 68 wt% comparing to the known iodine adsorbents to date, due to the strong chemical affinity between iodine molecules and the electron-enriched groups (heteroatoms and π-conjugated heterocyclic rings) in the frameworks. Besides, both CPP-Tp and CPP-Pyr showed rapid adsorption rate and high removal efficiency towards iodine in hexane solutions, and the maximum iodine adsorption capacities were also correspondingly calculated to be 588 mg/g and 625 mg/g for CPP-Tp and CPP-Pyr according to the Langmuir model. In addition, both CPP-Tp and CPP-Pyr exhibited favorable regeneration and recycle ability, indicating the cyclophosphazene-based conjugated CPP-Tp and CPP-Pyr might become one of potential candidates for the removal of iodine in the future.
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2D anisotropic transport of photons/electrons is crucial for constructing ultracompact on‐chip circuits. To date, the photons in organic 2D crystals usually exhibit the isotropic propagation, and the ...anisotropic behaviors have not yet been fully demonstrated. Now, an orientation‐controlled photon–dipole interaction strategy was proposed to rationally realize the anisotropic and isotropic 2D photon transport in two co‐crystal polymorph microplates. The monoclinic microplate adopts a nearly horizontal transition dipole moment (TDM) orientation in 2D plane, exhibiting anisotropic photon–dipole interactions and thus distinct re‐absorption waveguide losses for different 2D directions. By contrast, the triclinic plate with a vertical TDM orientation, shows 2D isotropic photon–dipole interactions and thus the same re‐absorption losses along different directions. Based on this anisotropy, a directional signal outcoupler was designed for the directional transmission of the real signals.
Anisotropic photonics: Two‐dimensional (2D) anisotropic and isotropic photon transport was demonstrated in two self‐assembled co‐crystal polymorph microplates. These exhibit different 2D molecular transition dipole orientations and waveguide emissive behaviors, possibly enlightening the design and development of active planar photonic devices.
► A new silica-supported dithiocarbamate adsorbent (Si-DTC) was synthesized following a novel synthesis route by anchoring the chelating agent of macromolecular dithiocarbamate (MDTC) to the ...chloro-functionalized silica matrix(SiCl). ► By adopting this method, it could make more efforts to increase the nucleophilic reactivity of polyamine with carbon disulfide under strong alkaline condition and avoid the degradation of silica matrix. ► The new adsorbent were used to absorb Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) which are known to be common heavy metal ions from polluted aqueous solutions. ► The dithiocarbamate groups and the amino groups in Si-DTC both take part in the adsorption process for M(II) from aqueous solutions but the adsorption mechanism of Hg(II) onto Si-DTC is quite different from that of Pb(II), Cd(II) or Cu(II) onto Si-DTC, which is testified by the XPS and FT-IR results.
Silica-supported dithiocarbamate adsorbent (Si-DTC) was synthesized by anchoring the chelating agent of macromolecular dithiocarbamate (MDTC) to the chloro-functionalized silica matrix (SiCl), as a new adsorbent for adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) from aqueous solution. The surface characterization was performed by FT-IR, XPS, SEM and elemental analysis indicating that the modification of the silica surface was successfully performed. The effects of media pH, adsorption time, initial metal ion concentration and adsorption temperature on adsorption capacity of the adsorbent had been investigated. Experimental data were exploited for kinetic and thermodynamic evaluations related to the adsorption processes. The characteristics of the adsorption process were evaluated by using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) adsorption isotherms and adsorption capacities were found to be 0.34
mmol
g
−1, 0.36
mmol
g
−1, 0.32
mmol
g
−1 and 0.40
mmol
g
−1 for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II), respectively. The adsorption mechanism of Hg(II) onto Si-DTC is quite different from that of Pb(II), Cd(II) or Cu(II) onto Si-DTC, which is demonstrated by the XPS and FT-IR results.
An increasing number of interventions have focused on leadership development for healthcare managers, among which coaching is a common strategy. The purpose of the present systematic review is to ...synthesize evidence on the effect of coaching in developing leadership of healthcare managers.
A literature search will be conducted in six English databases (MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane library, Nursing & Allied Health Premium, and Scopus) and four Chinese databases (Wanfang, CNKI, SinoMed, and VIP) from inception to April 1st, 2022. The titles, abstracts, and full texts of the studies will be screened by two independent researchers to determine their eligibility. The RoB 2, ROBINS-I, CASP, and MMAT will be applied to assess the quality of randomized trials, non-randomized studies, qualitative studies, and mixed-method studies, respectively. We will then extract the study characteristics, participant characteristics, and study outcomes of the reviewed papers. The Aims, Ingredients, Mechanism, and Delivery framework will be used to extract the components of coaching strategies. For quantitative data, a meta-analysis will be performed if sufficient data are available; otherwise, we will conduct a narrative synthesis. Thematic synthesis methods will be used for qualitative data analysis.
By conducting this systematic review, we expect to synthesize evidence regarding the components of coaching for leadership development among healthcare managers; the influence of coaching on leadership development among managers at the individual, unit-wide, or organizational level; and how managers view coaching as a leadership development strategy.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020194290 .
In order to improve the status quo of English teaching in colleges and universities, this paper combines the basic concepts of teaching resource base construction with artificial intelligence ...technology to build a teaching resource base for English in colleges and universities. The overall framework is designed first, followed by the intelligent identity recognition function that is based on artificial intelligence technology. Secondly, on the basis of the text classification algorithm, it designs an intelligent classification retrieval model for English teaching by improving the resource text feature selection algorithm and the resource text representation algorithm. Finally, the performance of the designed college English teaching resource library was tested and explored practically. The results show that the overall teaching resource text feature classification performance has an accuracy, recall, and F1 score of around 0.9. After the teaching practice, the teacher’s lesson preparation and professional competence have been improved by 0.22 and 0.23, respectively, and the student’s English communication and reading competence have been improved by 0.22 and 0.21, respectively. The construction of the English teaching resource base based on this research can improve English teaching.
A highly uniform nanocomposite of MoO₃ and carbon with a weight ratio of 1:1 is prepared by employing a simple procedure of ball milling. Such composite as electrochemical pseudocapacitor materials ...for potential energy storage applications exhibits a high specific capacitance of ~179F/g at a charge and discharge current density of 50mA/g with excellent cycling ability over 1000cycles. Compared with the capacitance of pure milled graphite (~22F/g) and MoO₃ (<10F/g), an enhanced electrochemical performance of the composite with a weight ratio of 1:1 is attributed to its unique structure, in which MoO₃ nanoparticles (with a size range of 1–180nm) are uniformly dispersed in an electrically conductive carbon host.
In this work, two novel zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) materials, ZIF-7 and ZIF-11, were firstly introduced as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for PAHs efficient extraction and highly ...sensitive analysis in environmental water samples with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with fluorescence detection. ZIF-7 and ZIF-11 were successfully synthesized and characterized with SEM, FTIR, XRD and water contact angels, exhibiting unique and excellent stability, spatial structure and chemical composition, promising for environmental PAHs efficient enrichment through hydrophobic, π-π and π-complexation interactions. The topology effect on PAHs extraction was compared between ZIF-7 and ZIF-11, considering they have the same composition in metal ion (Zn(2+)) and organic linker, but differing spatial structures: ZIF-7 has a cubic structure, while ZIF-11 is a rhombic dodecahedron. At last, ZIF-11 with markedly better extraction efficiencies was selected for subsequent analysis. Under optimum extraction conditions such as sample volume, extraction time, desorption conditions, volume of organic modifier and salt concentration, a robust and highly efficient method based on ZIF-11 as a novel SPE sorbent has been successfully developed for environmental PAHs analysis. Satisfactory precision and accuracy ranging from 1-2.4 × 10(3) ng L(-1) as well as ultrasensitive detection limits of 0.08-1.6 ng L(-1) have been successfully achieved. Moreover, ZIF-11 extraction also exhibited high recoveries of 82.4-112.7% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) being less than 9% for PAHs in the environmental water samples. Therefore, our novel, convenient and efficient extraction method based on ZIF-11 as a sorbent is promising for applications in future trace-level environmental PAHs analyses.
A strong and reliable Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition (TSDR) system is essential for the effective deployment of autonomous driving technology. In this field, numerous scholars have conducted ...extensive research, but current studies only consider TSDR under ideal conditions, neglecting scenarios such as rain, snow, fog, which can cause image blurring. This paper investigates the challenges of TSDR performance degradation caused by five adverse environmental conditions: rain, snow, fog, lens dirt, and lens blur. To overcome the adverse effects of these conditions on TSDR, this paper proposes a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based TSDR method, consisting of three modules: adverse environment classification module, image enhancement module, and traffic sign detection module. The adverse environment classifier, based on the VGG19 architecture, identifies whether the image includes the aforementioned five adverse weather conditions. The image enhancement module named Enhance-Net enhances each of the five adverse environments separately and specifically enhances the traffic sign regions within the image, rather than the entire image area. To increase the speed of the proposed method, the traffic sign detection module utilizes the YOLOv4 framework. The proposed method's effectiveness is assessed using the CURE-TSD dataset, which includes traffic videos recorded in various adverse environmental conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that under five different levels of adverse environments, the pro-posed method achieves 95.03% accuracy and runs at a rate of 12.79 fps (frames per second). In contrast to the current benchmark, although there is a 2.81% reduction in accuracy resulting from training the proposed method on a subset of the dataset, the speed has increased by 12.03 fps, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed approach.
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•Lentinan exerted direct antitumor effect on MCF-7 cells and tumor-bearing athymic nude mice.•We firstly demonstrated that Lentinan stimulated cell autophagy.•Caspase-3 was not ...essential in Lentinan-induced apoptosis.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct antitumor activity of edible fungal polysaccharide Lentinan, rather than as a host defence potentiator, on human breast cancer and investigate its underlying mechanisms. The present results revealed that there were 45.46% and 59.16% of inhibitory rate after Lentinan treatment in MCF-7 cells and tumor-bearing athymic nude mice, respectively. Annexin V-FITC/PI, H&E staining and TUNEL assay showed that Lentinan induced cell apoptosis which accompanied with abundant activated caspase-7, increased cytosol cytochrome c and Bax/Bcl-2. Unexpectedly, we firstly demonstrated that Lentinan could stimulate cell autophagy according to the detection of autophagosomes and autophagic flux. Pretreatment with autophagy inhibitors decreased Lentinan-induced cells death. These findings provided new insight into the mechanisms of Lentinan-antitumor effect and contributed to its development in functional foods and cancer therapy.
Nursing students' internship experiences may significantly impact their caring ability. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of undergraduate nursing students' caring ability pre-and ...post-internship in China. This study aimed to explore the differences in the caring ability of undergraduate nursing students before and after internship.
The sample comprised 305 undergraduate nursing students who had undergone internships during 2018-2020 in three hospitals in Changsha, China. Caring Ability Inventory was used to measure and compare nursing students' caring ability before and after internship. Descriptive statistics and paired t-test were employed to analyze data in SPSS software (version 22.0).
A total of 300 students completed the survey (response rate = 98.37%). The overall score of caring ability and scores of cognitive and patience dimensions were higher after internship than before internship (P < 0.05). There was no significant improvement in the courage dimension (P > 0.05).
Caring ability of undergraduate nursing students in China was at a low level, their overall caring ability significantly improved after the internship, indicating a positive relationship between internship and caring ability. Nursing educators and clinical nurses should emphasize the importance of caring ability development in internship planning and encourage nursing students to engage more with patients.
