The sensitivity of fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test strips is compromised by the low fluorescence intensity of the signaling molecules. In this study, we synthesized novel ...phosphorus-doped carbon-dot-based dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs-BCDs) with a quantum yield as high as 93.7% to break this bottleneck. Meanwhile, the
growth method increased the loading capacity of carbon dots on dendritic mesoporous silica, effectively enhancing the fluorescence intensity of the composite nanospheres. Applied DMSNs-BCDs in LFIA can not only semi-quantitatively detect a single component in a short time frame (procalcitonin (PCT), within 15 min) but also detect the dual components with a low limit of detection (LOD) (carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) LOD: 1 U/mL; alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) LOD: 0.01 ng/mL). And the LOD of PCT detection (0.01 ng/mL) is lower by 1.7 orders of magnitude compared to conventional colloidal gold strips. For CA199, the LOD is reduced by a factor of four compared to LFIA using gold nanoparticles as substrates, and for AFP, the LOD is lowered by two orders of magnitude compared to colloidal gold LFIA. Furthermore, the coefficients of variation (CV) for intra-assay and inter-assay measurements are both less than 11%.
The development of orange‐red/red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with both high emission efficiencies and short lifetimes is highly desirable for electroluminescence (EL) ...applications, but remains a formidable challenge owing to the strict molecular design principles. Herein, two new orange‐red/red TADF emitters, namely AC‐PCNCF3 and TAC‐PCNCF3, composed of pyridine‐3,5‐dicarbonitrile‐derived electron‐acceptor (PCNCF3) and acridine electron‐donors (AC/TAC) are developed. These emitters in doped films exhibit excellent photophysical properties, including high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 0.91, tiny singlet‐triplet energy gaps of 0.01 eV, and ultrashort TADF lifetimes of less than 1 µs. The TADF‐organic light‐emitting diodes employing the AC‐PCNCF3 as emitter achieve orange‐red and red EL with high external quantum efficiencies of up to 25.0% and nearly 20% at doping concentrations of 5 and 40 wt%, respectively, both accompanied by well‐suppressed efficiency roll‐offs. This work provides an efficient molecular design strategy for developing high‐performance red TADF materials.
In this work, orange‐red/red thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials achieve high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 91% with ultrashort exciton lifetimes of less than 1 µs, demonstrating a successful balance between high efficiency and fast reverse intersystem crossing. Highly efficient organic light‐emitting diodes are realized with external quantum efficiencies of up to 25.0% and small efficiency roll‐offs.
Both psoriasis and periodontal diseases are characterized by an exaggerated immune response to the microbiota residing on epithelial surfaces. This study aimed to explore the associations between the ...severity of psoriasis and periodontal destruction in patients with psoriasis.
Thirty-three patients diagnosed with psoriasis were referred from the dermatology clinic of National Taiwan University Hospital. Full-mouth periodontal examination was performed and saliva was collected after patients signed informed consent forms. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) as well as clinical periodontal parameters including probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated. Salivary cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12, IL-17, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were tested with the Luminex Bio-Plex system. Anti-inflammatory medication, tobacco use, and underlying comorbidities were included in the analysis.
Baseline PASI was significantly associated with PI. PASI at follow-up was positively correlated with CAL ≥ 4 mm (%) and saliva IL-1β levels. Psoriasis patients who used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or topical steroids had significantly lower GI, PD ≥ 4 mm (%), and saliva IL-1β and TNF-α levels. Moreover, a history of tobacco use was associated with higher PD ≥ 4 mm (%).
PI, CAL, and salivary IL-1β were associated with PASI. Periodontal severity was associated with psoriasis involvement. Periodontal inflammation in psoriasis may be modified by anti-inflammatory medication and tobacco use. Additional large-scale longitudinal and mechanistic studies are needed.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials that can exhibit both high emission efficiency and efficient reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) are highly desirable for achieving ...high-performance electroluminescence. However, attaining these two characteristics in TADF emitters is a challenging task that requires adherence to strict design principles. Here, we report two novel TADF emitters (CF
3
-Pym-DMAC and Ph-Pym-DMAC) featuring an asymmetric donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) molecular conformation, utilizing dimethylacridine donors and substituted-pyrimidine acceptors. The presence of different substituent groups, namely trifluoromethyl and phenyl, on pyrimidine acceptors can lead to significant variations in molecular conformations, packing modes, excited-state nature and luminescence properties. Specifically, the trifluoromethyl group forms strong intra-/intermolecular C-H F hydrogen bonds, resulting in a fixed molecular conformation that enhances molecular rigidity and avoids intermolecular π-π stacking. Moreover, the substitution effect regulates the excited state alignments of these TADF molecules. As a result, compared to the phenyl-substituted molecule Ph-Pym-DMAC, the trifluoromethyl-substituted molecule CF
3
-Pym-DMAC exhibits a significantly higher PLQY (0.91
versus
0.36) and a much larger RISC rate (5.84 × 10
5
s
−1
versus
5.50 × 10
4
s
−1
). The substitution effect on these TADF emitters ultimately results in a more than threefold increase in maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE
max
: 25.0%
versus
6.7%) and a substantial reduction in efficiency roll-off for the TADF-OLEDs.
A trifluoromethyl substitution strategy significantly enhances the emission efficiency and suppresses device-efficiency roll-off for TADF emitter by creating hydrogen bonds, avoiding π-π stacking, and regulating excited-state alignment.
Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) technology serves a significant role as a simple and rapid biosensor in the detection of influenza viruses. The focus of this study is the development of a rapid and ...convenient screening method for influenza B virus (IBV) proteins using a fluorescence lateral flow biosensor based on Ag-doped ZnIn2S4 quantum dots (Ag: ZIS QDs) as signal reporters. These Ag: ZIS QDs-emitting orange fluorescence are loaded onto dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) and are further coated with a layer of silica shell to form a core–shell structured composite nanomaterial (SiO2 @ Ag: ZIS QDs @ DMSNs). The orange fluorescence effectively eliminates the interference of blue background fluorescence, significantly enhancing the detection sensitivity. This technology demonstrates outstanding performance in the immediate detection of IBV, with a minimum detection limit of 1 ng/mL, compared to the traditional colloidal gold strip with a detection limit of 6 ng/mL. Furthermore, both intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) are less than 9%. This method holds promise for wide application in early diagnosis, epidemiological investigation, and epidemic surveillance of IBV.
The effects of Ti on the microstructures, macrohardness and compressive properties of the as-cast Al
0.5
CrFeNi
2.1
Mn
0.8
Ti
x
HEAs were investigated. The results showed that the microstructures of ...as-cast Al
0.5
CrFeNi
2.1
Mn
0.8
Ti
x
alloys was changed from FCC phase to a mixture of FCC and BCC phases, then to a mixture of BCC phase and Ti-containing intermetallic compound as the increasing of Ti content. Chrysanthemum-like eutectic microstructure was obtained in the Al
0.5
CrFeNi
2.1
Mn
0.8
Ti
0.5
and Al
0.5
CrFeNi
2.1
Mn
0.8
Ti alloys. The area of flower core was composed of BCC2 phase, and eutectic microstructure was achieved in the petal area which contained BCC1 phase and BCC2 phase. Moreover, the macrohardness of the as-cast alloys increased with the increasing of Ti, and the Al
0.5
CrFeNi
2.1
Mn
0.8
Ti
0.5
alloy showed excellent comprehensive compressive properties.
Graphic Abstract
The microstructures, compression and corrosion behaviors of the as-cast Al
x
CrFeMn
0.8
Ni
2.1
high-entropy alloys (0 ≤ x ≤ 2.3) were investigated in this paper. It was found that the crystal ...structure changed from initial dual FCC structure to mixed FCC and BCC structure, then to BCC structure as the increasing of Al content. Al
0.8
CrFeMn
0.8
Ni
2.1
alloy exhibited a typical spinodal structure consisting of alternating two phases microstructure. Moreover, sunflower-like microstructure was obtained in the as-cast Al
x
CrFeMn
0.8
Ni
2.1
alloys (1.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0). With the increasing of Al, the macrohardness increased while the plasticity decreased in the alloys. The addition of an appropriate amount of Al could improve the compressive fracture strength of the alloys. In addition, the corrosion resistance deteriorated slightly with the increasing of Al in 1 mol/L NaCl solution.
Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) technology serves a significant role as a simple and rapid biosensor in the detection of influenza viruses. The focus of this study is the development of a rapid and ...convenient screening method for influenza B virus (IBV) proteins using a fluorescence lateral flow biosensor based on Ag-doped ZnInsub.2Ssub.4 quantum dots (Ag: ZIS QDs) as signal reporters. These Ag: ZIS QDs-emitting orange fluorescence are loaded onto dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) and are further coated with a layer of silica shell to form a core–shell structured composite nanomaterial (SiOsub.2 @ Ag: ZIS QDs @ DMSNs). The orange fluorescence effectively eliminates the interference of blue background fluorescence, significantly enhancing the detection sensitivity. This technology demonstrates outstanding performance in the immediate detection of IBV, with a minimum detection limit of 1 ng/mL, compared to the traditional colloidal gold strip with a detection limit of 6 ng/mL. Furthermore, both intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) are less than 9%. This method holds promise for wide application in early diagnosis, epidemiological investigation, and epidemic surveillance of IBV.
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