Abstract
Conventional reservoir operation emphasizes power generation (PG) with ignoring downstream river ecosystem and water supply benefits for sustainable development. Compared with the model ...defining water supply and ecological flow requirements as constraints, a novel long-term multi-objective scheduling model in complex parallel reservoir system (LTMOSCPRS) is developed to assess and achieve win–win and sustainable development for energy, water supply, and ecological benefits. The suitable and ideal ecological water requirements are calculated based on the requirement level index. Afterward, the novel multi-objective shuffled frog leaping algorithm (NMOSFLA) including renewed frog grouping, local search, and external elite frog set mutation strategies is proposed. Results indicate that three optimization objectives expose a mutual competing relationship. The benefit of the river ecosystem will increase at a loss of PG and water supply guarantee rate (WSGR). Therefore, the parallel reservoir system should be adjusted to improve the benefits of WSGR and ecological water spill and shortage (EWSS) with minimizing the loss of PG, simultaneously. Finally, the NMOSFLA is verified to outperform other compared methods at the solution diversity and convergence which is evaluated by multiple indicators. Overall, the NMOSFLA provides efficient reservoir operation schemes for decision-makers to select optimal trade-off schemes and feasible ways to solve the LTMOSCPRS.
Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 has been recognized as a favorable alternative to antibiotics due to its broad antibacterial spectrum, low resistance development and diverse biological activities. ...However, its high manufactory cost, poor proteolytic stability, and unpredictable cytotoxicity seriously hindered its medical translation.
To push the frontiers of its clinical application, all-hydrocarbon stapling strategy was exploited here for the structural modification of KR-12, the core and minimal fragment of LL-37.
Based on a library of KR-12 derivatives that designed and synthesized to be stapled at positions of either
or
, structure to activity relationship was investigated. Among them, KR-12(Q
, D
) with the glutamine and aspartic acid residues stapled displayed increased helical content and positive charge. The reinforced α-helical conformation not only protected it from proteolytic hydrolysis but also improved its antibacterial efficacy via effective membrane perturbation and anti-inflammatory efficacy via compact LPS binding. Besides, the increased positive charge endowed it with an enhanced therapeutic index. On infected wound mouse model, it was demonstrated to eliminate bacteria and promote wound closure and regeneration effectively.
Overall, the all-hydrocarbon stapling was proven to lay the foundation for the future development of antibacterial agents. KR-12(Q
, D
) could serve as a lead compound for the clinical treatment of bacterial infections.
•This is the first report on one patient with a novel NBEA-ALK, EML4-ALK double-ALK fusion beneficial from alectinib.•NBEA-ALK (N5:A20) has never been reported previously.•Alectinib could be a viable ...therapeutic option for NSCLC patients with double-ALK fusion.•Initial NGS detection is crucial to follow-up treatment while liquid biopsy can dynamically monitor clinical curative effect.
The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 gene (EML4) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) fusion is the most common ALK rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we firstly report that coexistence of a novel Neurobeachin (NBEA)-ALK, EML4-ALK double-fusion is sensitive to alectinib.
Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on the biopsy sample.
The patient responded to alectinib as a second-line treatment and achieved stable disease for 11 months, without significant symptoms of toxicity. Significantly, the liquid biopsy also validated clinical benefit, with the disappearance of NBEA-ALK and EML4-ALK fusion variants. We also provided a comprehensive review of all 50 ALK fusion genes in NSCLC.
This is the first report on one patient with a novel NBEA-ALK, EML4-ALK double-ALK fusion beneficial from alectinib. Alectinib may be a viable therapeutic option for NSCLC patients with double-ALK fusion, and liquid biopsy could dynamically monitor clinical curative effect.
Abstract Purpose Because of less attention to sagittal component of maxillary fractures, they are often misdiagnosed and miss the reduction leading to maxillary transverse discrepancies. Therefore, ...the purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with good or adverse postoperative outcomes of maxillary sagittal fractures. Methods This study was a single-center retrospective cohort study. The sample was composed of cases of maxillary sagittal fractures collected from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Unit of Xian Jiaotong University between January 2008 and December 2013. The predictor variables were age, gender, and occupation, the cause of injury, injury severity, treatment timing, treatment method, and quality of fracture reduction. The outcome variable was postoperative treatment effect index. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were computed. P value was set at 0.05. Results The sample was composed of 40 cases. Male to female ratio was found to be 4:1; the most vulnerable age group was 20-30 years (30%); laborers (72.5%) were more prone to injury, and the main cause of injury was motor vehicle accident (62.5%). No cases of isolated sagittal fracture were found and most (35%)occurred with other maxillary fractures including Le Fort fractures. There was a statistically significant association between treatment timing and fracture reduction quality to postoperative treatment effect index (P value <0.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the earlier the treatment of the fractured bone, the better the result achieved. Anatomical repositioning of the fractured bone is the important predictor for good postoperative outcomes.
The SPF10 LiPA-25 system for human papillomavirus (HPV) detection with high analytical performance is widely used in HPV vaccine clinical trials. To develop and evaluate more valent HPV vaccines, ...other comparable methods with simpler operations are needed.BackgroundThe SPF10 LiPA-25 system for human papillomavirus (HPV) detection with high analytical performance is widely used in HPV vaccine clinical trials. To develop and evaluate more valent HPV vaccines, other comparable methods with simpler operations are needed.The performance of the LiPA-25 against that of other 7 assays, including 4 systems based on reverse hybridization (Bohui-24, Yaneng-23, Tellgen-27, and Hybribio-16) and 3 real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays (Hybribio-23, Bioperfectus-21, and Sansure-26), was evaluated in selected 1726 cervical swab and 56 biopsy samples. A total of 15 HPV genotypes (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 66) were considered for comparison for each HPV type.MethodsThe performance of the LiPA-25 against that of other 7 assays, including 4 systems based on reverse hybridization (Bohui-24, Yaneng-23, Tellgen-27, and Hybribio-16) and 3 real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays (Hybribio-23, Bioperfectus-21, and Sansure-26), was evaluated in selected 1726 cervical swab and 56 biopsy samples. A total of 15 HPV genotypes (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 66) were considered for comparison for each HPV type.Among the swab samples, compared to LiPA-25, compatible genotypes were observed in 94.1% of samples for Hybribio-23, 92.8% for Yaneng-23, 92.6% for Bioperfectus-21, 92.4% for Hybribio-16, 91.3% for Sansure-26, 89.7% for Bohui-24, and 88.0% for Tellgen-27. The highest overall agreement of the 15 HPV genotypes combined was noted for Hybribio-23 (κ = 0.879, McNemar's test: P = 0.136), followed closely by Hybribio-16 (κ = 0.877, P< 0.001), Yaneng-23 (κ = 0.871, P < 0.001), Bioperfectus-21 (κ = 0.848, P < 0.001), Bohui-24 (κ = 0.847, P < 0.001), Tellgen-27 (κ = 0.831, P < 0.001), and Sansure-26 (κ = 0.826, P < 0.001). Additionally, these systems were also highly consistent with LiPA-25 for biopsy specimens (all, κ > 0.897).ResultsAmong the swab samples, compared to LiPA-25, compatible genotypes were observed in 94.1% of samples for Hybribio-23, 92.8% for Yaneng-23, 92.6% for Bioperfectus-21, 92.4% for Hybribio-16, 91.3% for Sansure-26, 89.7% for Bohui-24, and 88.0% for Tellgen-27. The highest overall agreement of the 15 HPV genotypes combined was noted for Hybribio-23 (κ = 0.879, McNemar's test: P = 0.136), followed closely by Hybribio-16 (κ = 0.877, P< 0.001), Yaneng-23 (κ = 0.871, P < 0.001), Bioperfectus-21 (κ = 0.848, P < 0.001), Bohui-24 (κ = 0.847, P < 0.001), Tellgen-27 (κ = 0.831, P < 0.001), and Sansure-26 (κ = 0.826, P < 0.001). Additionally, these systems were also highly consistent with LiPA-25 for biopsy specimens (all, κ > 0.897).The levels of agreement for the detection of 15 HPV types between other 7 assays and LiPA-25 were all good, and Hybribio-23 was most comparable to LiPA-25. The testing operation of HPV genotyping should also be considered for vaccine and epidemiological studies.ConclusionsThe levels of agreement for the detection of 15 HPV types between other 7 assays and LiPA-25 were all good, and Hybribio-23 was most comparable to LiPA-25. The testing operation of HPV genotyping should also be considered for vaccine and epidemiological studies.
Knowing the multi-level influences of determinants on medical-service resumptions is of great benefits to the policymaking for medical-service recovery at different levels of study units during the ...post-COVID-19 pandemic era. This article evaluated the hospital- and city-level resumptions of medical services in mainland China based on the data of location-based service (LBS) requests of mobile devices during the two time periods (December 2019 and from February 21 to March 18, 2020). We selected medical-service capacity, human movement, epidemic severity, and socioeconomic factors as the potential determinants on medical-service resumptions and then explicitly assessed their multi-level explanatory powers and the interactive effects of paired determinants using the geographical detector method. The results indicate that various determinants had different individual explanatory powers and interactive relationships/effects at different levels of medical-service resumptions. The current study provides a novel multi-level insight for assessing work resumption and individual/interactive influences of determinants, and considerable implications for regionalized recovery strategies of medical services.
A multifunctional pulsed laser deposited silver based sensing platform for simultaneous strain sensing and surface-enhanced Raman scattering is designed. This sensing platform shows good ...antibacterial properties, endowing it with extended applications in wearable electronics.
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•A multifunctional sensing platform based on nanoporous silver is designed.•The nanoporous silver structures are deposited by a pulsed laser deposition technique.•The interface of the sensor is controlled to achieve a high sensitivity of strain sensing.•The sensing platform shows good SERS sensing and antibacterial properties.
Metallic materials based sensors have shown potential applications in the detections of strain, temperature, pressure, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). However, most metal-based sensors can only detect a single stimulus. In this work, we designed a multifunctional silver sensing platform for simultaneous strain sensing and SERS sensing. The silver nanoporous structures were facilely deposited by a pulsed laser deposition technique. The microstructure of silver layer could be readily controlled by adjusting deposition parameters, which greatly influenced the sensitivity and sensing range of strain detection. The interface of a sensor could be controlled to achieve a high sensitivity of strain sensing. Different trace substances were detected by the sensing platform through SERS. This sensing platform also had good antibacterial properties, which are advantageous in wearable electronics.
Formal learning and informal learning have always been two ways of learning, but little research has been done on informal learning. It wasn't until the establishment of MOOC in 2012 that this kind ...of off-campus learning gained traction. This paper first discusses the definition of informal learning and its advantages, then introduces two mobile device-based informal learning methods, and makes an outlook on their prospects and problems.
"Internet plus" has profound influence on educational resources, educational institutions, learning modes and teaching modes, and brings about changes in educational philosophy. In recent years, ...colleges and universities have paid more attention to the construction of online courses, such as flipped classroom, micro class teaching, MOOC of China University, which are all new forms of education popular in Colleges and universities. However, generally speaking, online teaching is still in the primary stage of exploration. At present, online teaching has been transformed from the auxiliary means of classroom teaching to the main teaching means. How to ensure the teaching of online teaching Learning effect and quality are the important contents of school education. This paper summarizes the current situation of online teaching in our school in recent months, aiming to make a contribution to the construction and development of online courses in the future.
