Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) may regulate the process of tumor formation. Although lncRNA CCAT2 has been identified as a key point in many diseases, its pathophysiological mechanism in lung ...adenocarcinoma remains unknown. We measured the expression level of CCAT2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells and normal lung epithelial cell line BEAS‐2B by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). As well, cell migration and proliferation were detected by transwell detection and CCK8 assay. At the same time, the new target point of CCAT2 was confirmed with bioinformatics analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assay. In addition, potential mechanisms were studied by Western blot analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis. The expression of CCAT2 was upregulated obviously in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cell function analysis showed that upregulation of CCAT2 significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration, and reduction of CCAT2 inhibited cell migration and proliferation. In addition, CCAT2 positively regulated the expression of FOXC1 by competitive binding with miR‐23b‐5p. These findings indicated that CCAT2 may act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate FOXC1 expression by competitively binding miR‐23b‐5p in lung adenocarcinoma.
We proved that the expression of CCAT2 is higher in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Moreover, the cell proliferation and migration ability of A549 cells were inhibited by downregulation of CCAT2. In addition, through a series of experiments, we finally proved that CCAT2 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate FOXC1 expression by sponging miR‐23b‐5p in lung adenocarcinoma.
Chinese kale (
Bailey) is a widely consumed vegetable which is rich in antioxidants and anticarcinogenic compounds. Herein, we used an untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography ...(UHPLC)-Quadrupole-Orbitrap MS/MS-based metabolomics strategy to study the nutrient profiles of Chinese kale. Seven Chinese kale cultivars and three different edible parts were evaluated, and amino acids, sugars, organic acids, glucosinolates and phenolic compounds were analysed simultaneously. We found that two cultivars, a purple-stem cultivar W1 and a yellow-flower cultivar Y1, had more health-promoting compounds than others. The multivariate statistical analysis results showed that gluconapin was the most important contributor for discriminating both cultivars and edible parts. The purple-stem cultivar W1 had higher levels of some phenolic acids and flavonoids than the green stem cultivars. Compared to stems and leaves, the inflorescences contained more amino acids, glucosinolates and most of the phenolic acids. Meanwhile, the stems had the least amounts of phenolic compounds among the organs tested. Metabolomics is a powerful approach for the comprehensive understanding of vegetable nutritional quality. The results provide the basis for future metabolomics-guided breeding and nutritional quality improvement.
Objective
To analyze missed rib fractures and proper time for evaluation on CT at different ages and to determine factors that favor missed fractures.
Methods
One hundred patients with rib fractures ...who underwent CT were classified into three groups according to their age: young, middle-aged, and elderly. CT was performed within 1 to 6 weeks after trauma. The imaging features and temporal changes of rib fractures were analyzed.
Results
At the first CT during the initial week, 638 ribs were detected with one or several fractures, overall 838 fractures were confirmed, and 6 were suspected. In the next 2–6 weeks, 47 occult rib fractures were additionally detected. The number of additionally diagnosed fractures was the highest in respectively the 3
rd
week among younger, 4
th
week in the middle-aged, and 6
th
week in the elderly groups. The detection of occult rib fractures was significantly delayed in the middle-aged and elderly groups compared with the young group (
p
< 0.05). The time to form bony callus was also significantly (
p
< 0.05) delayed with age, with significantly (
p
< 0.05) more time needed to form bony callus in the middle-aged (23.8 ± 4.5 days) and elderly (28.48 ± 5.1 days) groups than in the young group (18.0 ± 2.2 days).
Conclusions
Most rib fractures can be detected within the first week after trauma. Detection of occult rib fractures will be delayed with increase of age, and repeated CT scanning should be appropriately postponed in patients at different ages. Trabecula, inner and outer plates, costal angle, and cartilage are the primary locations for occult and subtle fractures which should be carefully evaluated.
Key Points
• More rib fractures can be detected on repeated CT scans, especially for subtle and occult rib fractures.
• Detection of all rib fractures helps relieve the patient’s concerns and determine the degree of personal injury for appropriate evaluation.
Transverse momentum spectra of direct (prompt) photons from two‐body processes in high‐energy proton–proton (p+p) collisions are analyzed in this paper. The experimental invariant cross‐sections are ...collected at mid‐rapidity in p+p collisions measured by the UA6, CCOR, R806, R110, PHENIX, NA24, CMS, ALICE, and ATLAS Collaborations over a center‐of‐mass energy range from 24.3 GeV to 13 TeV. In fitting the data, different kinds of functions are used which include the revised Tsallis–Pareto‐type function (the TP‐like function) at the particle level, the convolution of two TP‐like functions at the quark level, and the root‐sum‐of‐squares of two revised Tsallis‐like functions in which the quark chemical potentials μi=μB/3$\mu _i=\mu _{\rm B}/3$ or μi=0$\mu _i=0$, where μB is the baryon chemical potential. The values of three main free parameters have been extracted: the effective temperature T, power index n0 (or entropy index q), and correction index a0. After analyzing the changing trends of the parameters, it is found that T, q, and a0 increase and n0 decreases with the increase of collision energy. Based on the analyses of transverse momentum spectra, an energy independent scaling, that is, the xT$x_T$ scaling, is obtained.
Based on the analyses of transverse momentum spectra of direct photons in proton–proton collisions, an energy independent scaling, that is, the xT$x_T$ scaling, is obtained to show approximately anti‐correlation in double logarithmic representations. Not only for the spectra in low‐pT$p_T$ region, but also for the spectra in high‐pT$p_T$ region, the data follow approximately the function (s/GeV)nEd3σ/dp3$(\sqrt {s}/{\rm GeV})^nE d^3\sigma /dp^3$ of the variable xT=2pT/s$x_T=2p_T/\sqrt {s}$.
In this paper, a method for the separation of triadimenol stereoisomers using ultra‐performance convergence chromatography and an analytical method for the determination of triadimenol stereoisomer ...residues in pumpkin puree, apple puree, and tomato puree as a supplement for infants are established. Test samples were extracted with acetonitrile and successively purified with graphitized carbon black and Florisil column. Afterward, Acquity Trefoil AMY1 column was adopted for chiral separation of chromatographic column, and gradient elute was carried out with supercritical carbon dioxide‐methanol as the mobile phase and with external standard method for quantitation. Results showed that the linearly dependent coefficient of the four kinds of triadimenol stereoisomers within 1.0 and 50 mg/L was greater than 0.9997, and the limit of quantitation of the four kinds of triadimenol stereoisomers was 0.05 mg/kg. Recovery experiment was carried out within 0.05 and 1.0 mg/kg scope, the recoveries were 81.0–107％, and the relative standard deviation was 2.3–7.6%. This method implemented the separation of triadimenol stereoisomers and its residue test in pumpkin puree, apple puree, and tomato puree as a supplement for infants, and it can provide reliable technical support for the analysis of pesticide residue and assessment of product quality.
In this work, pyrazine (A), aminopyrazine (B), quinoxaline (C), and 5,6,7,8‐tetrahydroquinoxaline (D) have been screened out among a large number of pyrazine derivatives to construct Hofmann‐type ...metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) Fe(L)M(CN)4 (M=Pt, Pd) with similar 3D pillared‐layer structures. X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction reveals that the alternate linkage between M and FeII ions through cyano bridges forms the 2D extended metal cyanide sheets, and ligands A–D acted as vertical columns to connect the 2D sheets to give 3D pillared‐layer structures. Subsequently, a series of bivariate MOFs were constructed by pairwise combination of the four ligands A–D, which were confirmed by 1H NMR, PXRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that ligand size and crystallization rate play a dominant role in constructing bivariate Hofmann‐type MOFs. More importantly, the spin‐crossover (SCO) properties of the bivariate MOFs can be finely tuned by adjusting the proportion of the two pillared ligands in the 3D Hofmann‐type structures. Remarkably, the spin transition temperatures, Tc↑ and Tc↓ of Fe(A)x(B)1−xPt(CN)4 (x=0 to 1) can be adjusted from 239 to 254 K and from 248 to 284 K, respectively. Meanwhile, the width of the hysteresis loops can be widened from 9 to 30 K. Changing Pt to Pd, the hysteresis loops of Fe(A)x(B)1−xPd(CN)4 can be tuned from 9 (Tc↑=215 K, Tc↓=206 K) to 24 K (Tc↑=300 K, Tc↓=276 K). This research provides wider implications in the development of advanced bistable materials, especially in precisely regulating SCO properties.
In a spin: The spin transition temperatures and hysteresis loops of Hofmann‐type metal–organic frameworks can be finely tuned through a bivariate strategy of combining two different pillared‐ligands in the same structure.
Herein, an antibody-protein-aptamer electrochemical biosensor was designed by highly efficient proximity-induced DNA hybridization on a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) for ultrasensitive ...detection of human insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Impressively, the IGF-1 antibody immobilized on the top vertex of the TDN could effectively capture the target protein with less steric effect, and the ferrocene-labeled signal probe (SP) bound on the bottom vertex of the TDN was close to the electrode surface for generating a strong initial signal. In the presence of target protein IGF-1 and an aptamer strand, an antibody-protein-aptamer sandwich could be formed on the top vertex of TDN, which would trigger proximity-induced DNA hybridization to release the SP on the bottom vertex of TDN; therefore, the signal response would decrease dramatically, enhancing the sensitivity of the biosensor. As a result, the linear range of the proposed biosensor for target IGF-1 was 1 fM to 1 nM with the limit of detection down to 0.47 fM, which was much lower than that of the traditional TDN designs on electrochemical biosensors. Surprisingly, the use of this approach offered an innovative approach for the sensitive detection of biomarkers and illness diagnosis.
Abstract
Background
Induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the mainstay treatment for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, some ...patients obtain little benefit and experience unnecessary toxicities from IC. We intended to develop a gene-expression signature that can identify beneficiaries of IC.
Methods
We screened chemosensitivity-related genes by comparing gene-expression profiles of patients with short-term tumor response or nonresponse to IC (n = 95) using microarray analysis. Chemosensitivity-related genes were quantified by digital expression profiling in a training cohort (n = 342) to obtain a gene signature. We then validated this gene signature in the clinical trial cohort (n = 187) and an external independent cohort (n = 240). Tests of statistical significance are 2-sided.
Results
We identified 43 chemosensitivity-related genes associated with the short-term tumor response to IC. In the training cohort, a 6-gene signature was developed that was highly accurate at predicting the short-term tumor response to IC (area under the curve AUC = 0.87, sensitivity = 87.5%, specificity = 75.6%). We further found that IC conferred failure-free survival benefits only in patients in the benefit group (hazard ratio HR = 0.54, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.34 to 0.87; P = .01) and not on those in the no-benefit group (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.62 to 2.51; P = .53). In the clinical trial cohort, the 6-gene signature was also highly accurate at predicting the tumor response (AUC = 0.82, sensitivity = 87.5%, specificity = 71.8%) and indicated failure-free survival benefits. In the external independent cohort, similar results were observed.
Conclusions
The 6-gene signature can help select beneficiaries of IC and lay a foundation for a more individualized therapeutic strategy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
Four Preyssler P5W30 based inorganic–organic hybrids, formulated as {Cu12(pbtz)2(Hpbtz)2(OH)4(H2O)16Na(H2O)P5W30O110}·16H2O (1; H2pbtz = 5′-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H,2′H-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-triazole)), ...{Cu10(ttbz)2(Httbz)4(OH)6(H2O)8K(H2O)H2P5W30O110}·30H2O (2; Httbz = 1-(tetrazo-5-yl)-4-(triazo-1-yl)benzene), {Ni6(bpz)6(H2O)16Na(H2O)H2P5W30O110}·36H2O (3; bpz = 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4-bipyrazole), {Co4(bpz)6(H2O)9K(H2O)H6P5W30O110}·46H2O (4), have been isolated and structurally identified via microanalysis, thermogravimetry (TG), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Compound 1 exhibits a 3D binodal (3,6)-connected ant framework composed of dodeca-supported P5W30 polyoxometalate (POM) clusters and discrete Cu6(pbtz)(Hpbtz)(OH)2(H2O)8 subunits. Compound 2 is a pillared-layer 3D network constructed from Cu5(ttbz)(Httbz)2(OH)3(H2O)4 sheets pillared by individual P5W30 clusters. Compound 3 contains octa-supporting P5W30 POM clusters and novel Ni6(bpz)6 crown-like metallamacrocycles, which construct a (4,4)-connected pts network. Compound 4 displays a complicated 3D (5,5)-connected {45·64·8}{45·65} network built by pentasupporting P5W30 POM clusters and discrete Co4(bpz)6(H2O)9 subunits. In 1–4, the unified features are the Preyssler-type P5W30O110 POM as the fundamental building block, which supports the transition-metal compounds with different modes to give the resultant diverse networks. The magnetism studies indicated antiferromagnetically coupled systems for the hexa- and pentanuclear Cu(II) units in 1 and 2, respectively. The electrochemical properties demonstrate that all compounds have electrocatalytic abilities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the catalytic activities of 1 in the cyanosilylation of aldehydes reaction have been investigated.
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