The present study compared the effects of soybean meal fermented by three different probiotics organisms with non-fermented soybean meal on growth performance, serum parameters, immune chemistry and ...intestinal morphology in weaned piglets.
One hundred and forty-four 35-day old crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets were randomly allocated into four different dietary treatments (n = 36 per group) containing 0, 5, 10 and 15% fermented soybean meal.
The piglets fed fermented soybean meal showed an increase (p < 0.05) in average daily weight gain and a reduction in feed consumption (p < 0.05).The piglets fed 10 and 15% fermented soybean meal showed the greatest growth improvement with higher levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and total serum proteins. Serum urea nitrogen in the experimental group was significantly lower than control whereas serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels were all significantly higher. Moreover, villus height in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and the crypt depth was significantly lower (p < 0.05). The levels of the autophagy factor LC3B in piglets showed a downward trend in the jejunum and ileum compared to control.
Fermented soybean meal could significantly improve the growth, immune function and intestinal health in weaned piglets, and the best effective benefits showed in 10% FSBM group.
Display omitted
•The species of F−, HF, HF2− played more important role at different pH.•The lattice plane (0 0 2) of core-shell Boehmite was the dominant adsorptive face.•The Al, O and H sites were ...adsorptive sites with fluoride species at different pH.•The OH− had the competitive effect of adsorption on adsorptive sites at higher pH.
Many kinds of adsorbents have been developed for removing fluoride from water. However, the unclear actual mechanism of fluoride adsorption greatly restricts the structural design and application of novel adsorbents. Based on the understanding of the interaction between hydroxyl and fluoride, a novel core-shell nanostructure of boehmite was synthesized via an in-situ-induced assembly for removing fluoride. The formed polycrystalline boehmite (γ-AlOOH) nanostructure significantly enhances adsorption performance. The transformation of fluoride forms (including F−, HF, HF2−) is closely related to the solution property. The acidic solution is more favorable, mainly because of the conversion of HF (pyrazine) and HF2− (the bifluoride ion) with a strong hydrogen bond effect from fluoride (F−) with pH < 3.18. The lattice plane of (0 0 2) belongs to the dominant face for removing fluoride in this structure. According to the experimental and theoretical calculation, strong bonding of Al, O and H sites with fluoride species (F−, HF, HF2−) in acidic solution are demonstrated, but not in alkaline solution due to OH− interference. The possible mechanism of fluoride adsorption on boehmite (AlOOH) structures is proposed. Our findings show a new potential prospect of structural designing for novel fluoride adsorbent.
The latency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in resting primary CD4+ T cells is the major barrier for the eradication of the virus in patients on suppressive highly active ...antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Even with optimal HAART treatment, replication-competent HIV-1 still exists in resting primary CD4+ T cells. Multiple restriction factors that act upon various steps of the viral life cycle could contribute to viral latency. Here we show that cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) potently inhibit HIV-1 production in resting primary CD4+ T cells. We have found that the 3′ ends of HIV-1 messenger RNAs are targeted by a cluster of cellular miRNAs including miR-28, miR-125b, miR-150, miR-223 and miR-382, which are enriched in resting CD4+ T cells as compared to activated CD4+ T cells. Specific inhibitors of these miRNAs substantially counteracted their effects on the target mRNAs, measured either as HIV-1 protein translation in resting CD4+ T cells transfected with HIV-1 infectious clones, or as HIV-1 virus production from resting CD4+ T cells isolated from HIV-1-infected individuals on suppressive HAART. Our data indicate that cellular miRNAs are pivotal in HIV-1 latency and suggest that manipulation of cellular miRNAs could be a novel approach for purging the HIV-1 reservoir.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Tourist maps provide tourists with destination information that reflects their unique characteristics and cultural connotations and play an important role in attracting tourists and serving marketing ...purposes. However, existing designs of tourist maps often ignore the importance of cultural resource selection and the relationship between maps and structural linguistics, thereby affecting the narrative function and representativeness of tourist maps. This study utilizes the local chronicle as a data source and proposes a novel visual narrative framework (VNF) for tourist maps. The VNF combines Todorov’s narrative hierarchy and Roth’s visual storytelling tropes to establish a mapping between map elements and narrative elements. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the VNF, the Songshan Scenic Area was selected as a case study. By applying the VNF, highly characteristic and meaningful colors, figurative hand-painted symbols, and scene symbols are selected and integrated into the map design to enhance the artistic value and narrative of the map. This framework reveals the potential cultural value of local chronicles and can serve as a reference for other historical tourist cities, contributing to the preservation of local cultural heritage.
Phosphorus structures are promising anode materials for lithium and sodium ion batteries. However, the cycle stability is a big challenge for most phosphorus anode materials due to pulverization. ...Black phosphorus has been demonstrated to have extremely high stability as anodes due to its layered features. Black phosphorus have been in situ grown to wrap hierarchical phosphorus hybrids with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) veins. The electrochemical performances of the hierarchical phosphorus hybrids have been significantly enhanced due to the black phosphorus skins and wrapped amorphous and fibrous phosphorus. Extremely high cycle stability and high specific capacitiyes have been achieved by the new hierarchical phosphorus hybrids. A specific capacity of 560 mAh g−1 has been still obtained at a current rate of 500 mA g−1 after 250 cycles.
Display omitted
A robust electrocatalyst based on single iron atoms was developed for CO2 reduction with a high faradaic efficiency over 99.6%. The cathodic CO2 reduction was then coupled with anodic production of ...hypochlorite, and high energy efficiency (82%) with nearly 100% atom economy could be achieved in this model electrolysis system.
A promising strategy for safely remediating Cd-contaminated farmland has been the application of mineral elements, which can reduce Cd accumulation in rice and inhibit its bioavailability in ...Cd-contaminated farmlands. However, there is still a lack of systematic and quantitative evaluations regarding how different mineral elements affect rice Cd accumulation and soil Cd bioavailability. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted based on 1062 individual observations from 137 published works to explore the effects of Si, P, Zn, Ca, Mn, Se, Fe and S in rice Cd accumulation and soil Cd bioavailability, we aimed to identify key factors that control the reduction of Cd concentration in rice grains. The results showed that the presence of exogenous elements had dramatically reduced rice grains Cd concentrations in the following decreasing order: Fe (43.03%) > P (38.45%) > Si (33.24%) > Ca (31.90%) > Se (29.83%) > Zn (25.95%) > Mn (23.26%) > S (18.78%). The elements of Ca, P and Si had strongly reduced Cd bioavailability in soils by 29.87%, 27.80% and 22.70%, respectively. The effects of these elements on Cd bioavailability appeared to be controlled by soil physio-chemical properties, such as pH, soil organic carbon (SOC) but also water management, application amounts and elemental forms. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential of using exogenous mineral elements to mitigate Cd contamination in rice and farmlands, and facilitates the selection and application of mineral elements for the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated farmlands, taking into account soil properties and other factors that affect their effect.
Display omitted
•Used meta-analysis to investigate soil Cd bioavailability and rice Cd concentration responses to exogenous mineral elements.•Mineral elements can effectively inhibit Cd concentration in rice grains (18.78%–43.03%).•Identified key factors controlling mineral elements reduction of rice grains Cd concentration.•The results can help to develop effective strategies for mitigating risks associated with Cd-contaminated farmland soils.
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image change detection suffers from poor quality of the difference image and low detection accuracy. Hence, this paper proposes a SAR image change detection method ...based on a fused difference image and an optimized random forest scheme, termed LRN‐SSARF. Specifically, a fusion operator difference image LRN is proposed, which is generated using a weighted fusion of log‐ratio (LR), ratio (R), and normalized ratio (NoR). This difference image generation method reduces noise's influence. Then, the Otsu algorithm is applied to segment the difference image and select the training samples. The training samples are input into the random forest (RF) model optimised by the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) for training and classification. Finally, the region link is uesd to refine the detection results and generate the final result. The change detection results of six real SAR image scenes highlight that the proposed algorithm has a high detection accuracy, and affords appealing integrity and detailed information about the change regions. Specially, the detection accuracy advantage of the Bangladesh dataset is larger, with the accuracy and Kappa coefficient reaching 98.04% and 92.00%, much higher than the competitor methods.
This paper proposes a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image change detection method based on weighted summation to generate difference image and optimised random forest. The proposed disparity map generation algorithm has a better suppression effect on noise. And the random forest model optimised by sparrow search algorithm has better detection accuracy for SAR image change detection.
To explore the effect of acupuncture treatment on cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) and reveal the underlying mechanism of the effect based on nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) ...mediated ferritinophagy.
Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into four groups: the sham group, model group, acupuncture group, and sham acupuncture group. After 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), reperfusion was performed for 24 h to induce CIRI. The rats were treated with acupuncture at the Neiguan (PC6) and Shuigou (GV26) acupoints. Their neurological function was evaluated by taking their Bederson scores at 2 h after ischaemia and 24 h after reperfusion. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was applied to assess the cerebral infarct volume at 24 h after reperfusion. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and ferrous iron (Fe
) levels were observed after 24 h of reperfusion using an assay kit. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of NCOA4 and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) at 24 h after reperfusion. Moreover, the colocalization of ferritin with neurons, NCOA4 with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), and NCOA4 with ferritin was visualized using immunofluorescence staining.
Acupuncture significantly improved neurological function and decreased cerebral infarct volume in the acupuncture group. Following CIRI, the expression of NCOA4, LC3 and FTH1 was increased, which enhanced ferritinophagy and induced an inappropriate accumulation of Fe
and MDA in the ischaemic brain. However, acupuncture dramatically downregulated the expression of NCOA4, LC3 and FTH1, inhibited the overactivation of ferritinophagy, and decreased the levels of MDA and Fe
.
Acupuncture can inhibit NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and protect neurons against CIRI in a rat model.
PDF
