Highly purified human recombinant interleukin 2 (IL-2) markedly accelerated lethal GVHD in the H-2-identical B10.BR---CBA combination, but had no effect when the donor cells were depleted of mature ...(Thy-1.2-positive) T lymphocytes, indicating a strong immunopotentiating effect of IL-2 on mature T cells causing GVHD. In the same donor-host combination, IL-2 did not influence the recovery from the post-transplantation bone marrow aplasia. The results suggest that IL-2 could be considered for adjuvant hormonal therapy to enhance immune recovery in recipients of T-cell-depleted allogeneic marrow.
The resettlement of 15 old-long-stay patients in 'warden-supervised' accommodation was evaluated at intervals over a 1 year follow-up period. Subjects were selected for resettlement on criteria that ...did not include the attainment of specific functioning goals. Apart from one death, all patients were still living successfully in their new accommodation at the end of 1 year. No major changes in mental state or overall functioning occurred, but there was clear evidence of a 'honeymoon effect' beginning shortly after resettlement and lasting for around 2 months. By 4 months, functioning had returned to pre-discharge levels, where it remained. Some differences were found in utilisation of time but people's social networks became markedly more 'normal'. All residents expressed satisfaction with their new accommodation. The implications of the findings for service planning and staffing decisions are considered.
This paper describes a study to investigate how a spatial economic model can be used to evaluate the equity effects of land use and transport policies intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The ...Activity Allocation Module of the PECAS (Production, Exchange, and Consumption Allocation) Model for the Sacramento region is used to simulate two scenarios for the year 2035 arising from a recent planning process, ‘Business-As-Usual’ and ‘Preferred Blueprint.’ Advanced aggregate travel models and activity-based travel models have been applied to evaluate distributions of travel time and cost effects of transport and land use policies across different socio-economic groups. But the PECAS model system, with its representation of the interactions among the transport system and the rest of the spatial economic system, enables an evaluation of the distributions of a wider range of economic impacts, including wages, rents, productivity, and consumer surplus, for segments of households, labor, and industry. In this study, the PECAS model is applied to illustrate the distributional measures that can be obtained from this type of model and to provide insights into the equity effects of different transport and land development patterns. The results show that a more compact urban form designed around transit stations may reduce travel costs, wages, and housing costs by increasing accessibility, which can lead to substantial net benefits for industry categories and lower income households. Higher income households may be net losers, since their incomes are more dependent on reduced wages, they are less willing to switch to higher density dwellings, and they are more likely to own their own home.
This paper describes a study to investigate how a spatial economic model can be used to evaluate the equity effects of land use and transport policies intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The ...Activity Allocation Module of the PECAS (Production, Exchange, and Consumption Allocation) Model for the Sacramento region is used to simulate two scenarios for the year 2035 arising from a recent planning process, âeuro Business-As-Usualâeuro(TM) and âeuro Preferred Blueprint.âeuro(TM) Advanced aggregate travel models and activity-based travel models have been applied to evaluate distributions of travel time and cost effects of transport and land use policies across different socio-economic groups. But the PECAS model system, with its representation of the interactions among the transport system and the rest of the spatial economic system, enables an evaluation of the distributions of a wider range of economic impacts, including wages, rents, productivity, and consumer surplus, for segments of households, labor, and industry. In this study, the PECAS model is applied to illustrate the distributional measures that can be obtained from this type of model and to provide insights into the equity effects of different transport and land development patterns. The results show that a more compact urban form designed around transit stations may reduce travel costs, wages, and housing costs by increasing accessibility, which can lead to substantial net benefits for industry categories and lower income households. Higher income households may be net losers, since their incomes are more dependent on reduced wages, they are less willing to switch to higher density dwellings, and they are more likely to own their own home.
Latest figures from the EU Commission confirm that seven member states are "in the red" on milk, with total fines of just over euro340m in respect of 1.2m tonnes of over-production. This compares ...with euro221m in the previous milk year.
An otherwise conventional diet supplemented with retinyl acetate (vitamin A acetate; VAA) increased a specific antitumor resistance in vivo in mice, and this appeared to be due to the enhancement of ...immune functions rather than a direct antitumor activity. A range of VAA doses (up to 0.8 g VAA per kg of diet), fed for more than 6 months, did not induce any obvious signs or symptoms of hypervitaminosis A. The augmentation of resistance to transplanted tumor was linearly dependent on the dose of VAA. There was also a positive linear relationship between the resistance to transplanted tumor and the length of exposure to supplementary VAA relative to tumor inoculation time. The maximum resistance to transplanted tumor was observed in VAA-fed mice when the enrichment of the diet with VAA started three or more weeks before inoculation of tumor, whereas initiation of the VAA diet on the day of tumor administration or later had a negligible effect on the growth of tumor.
La ricognizione e lo scavo dell'insediamento di San Marco rappresenta uno dei pochi esempi di studio interdisciplinare compiuti nell'Italia centrale e riguardante un sito neolitico. Sono stati ...studiati in maniera approfondita i vari aspetti geologici ed ambientali del sito, collocato su un conoide alluvionale. Sono state inoltre ottenute date al 14C, eseguite con l'AMS direttamente su materiali organici associati con la sussistenza umana, che hanno permesso di attribuire il sito ad una prima fase dell'età neolitica (fine del sesto-inizio del quinto millennio a.C, date calibrate). L'industria litica mostra una chiara continuità con la precedente tecnologia epipaleolitica, mentre le ceramiche rinvenute possono essere attribuite alle correnti stilistiche della Ceramica Impressa e a quella di Sasso-Fiorano. Le analisi dei prodotti di sussistenza (fauna e resti botanici) rivelano un'economia basata principalmente sull'agricoltura, integrata a sua volta con prodotti ottenuti tramite attività di caccia e raccolta.
In order to evaluate the suggestions frequently made to teachers of secondary level classes of educable mentally retarded adolescents that the classified advertising section of newspapers be used for ...instruction in reading, a study of the reading difficulty level of such materials was made. Three samples of at least 100 continuous words were selected from each of five newspapers published in the South and grade reading level was computed using the Lorge Formula for Predicting Readability. In general, it appears that at least fifth to sixth grade reading ability is needed for minimal comprehension. Formulas such as the Lorge underestimate the difficulty of this material; an even higher reading level is needed. Questions are raised about the appropriateness of this material for such classes. AA
