Resumen: Objetivo: Describir mediante una serie de casos la frecuencia de elastofibroma dorsi utilizando la tomografía como método diagnóstico. Métodos: Se analizó de forma retrospectiva las ...tomografías computarizadas (TC) de tórax con y sin contraste, realizadas en el período comprendido entre el periodo de junio de 2012 hasta febrero de 2013 en busca de hallazgos compatibles con elastofibroma dorsi. Resultados: Se evaluaron 1085 TC, de los cuales 23 casos fueron positivos para elastofibroma dorsi con una prevalencia del 2,1%. Se presentó compromiso bilateral en un 43,6% mientras que el compromiso unilateral fue del 56,4%, de los cuales el 84,6% fueron derechos y 15,4% izquierdos. Conclusiones: El elastofibroma es un tumor benigno de tejidos blandos con localización y apariencia característica en la TC, considerado en la literatura mundial como raro e infrecuente, sin embargo, nuestro estudio encontró una prevalencia significativa en la población general.
Stroke is a devastating disease with an increasing prevalence. Part of the current development in stroke therapy is focused in the chronic phase, where neurorepair mechanisms such as neurogenesis, ...are involved. In the adult brain, one of the regions where neurogenesis takes place is the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. Given the possibility to develop pharmacological therapies to stimulate this process, we have performed a longitudinal analysis of neurogenesis in a model of cortical ischemia in mice. Our results show an initial decrease of SVZ proliferation at 24 h, followed by a recovery leading to an increase at 14d and a second decrease 28d after stroke. Coinciding with the 24 h proliferation decrease, an increase in the eutopic neuroblast migration towards the olfactory bulb was observed. The analysis of the neuroblast ectopic migration from the SVZ toward the lesion showed an increase in this process from day 14 after the insult. Finally, our data revealed an increased number of new cortical neurons in the peri-infarct cortex 65d after the insult. In summary, we report here critical check-points about post-stroke neurogenesis after cortical infarcts, important for the pharmacological modulation of this process in stroke patients.
A conventional concrete mix was elaborated using the Colombian Technical Standards NTC and Title C of the NSR-10 that rule in Colombia. 10 and 20% of the coarse aggregate volume was replaced with ...expanded polyethylene, 2 experimental mixes were elaborated with each of the incorporated %. 3 mixing cylinders were made, each one with the elaborated mixes to test their resistance to compression on days 7, 14 and 28. The obtained data in the tests performed on the material resistance laboratories from the UFPS (University Francisco de Paula Santander) showed the mechanical behavior regarding the resistance to compression of conventional and experimental concrete mixes at different concrete ages. The results of this research conclude that although there is a minimum resistance superiority in conventional concrete, the experimental mixes are viable for implementation in engineering projects.
A comparative analysis was performed on the mineral material extracted from 3 water sources in the city of Cucuta, from the rivers Tachira, Pamplonita and Zulia to determine the viability of their ...incorporation in the concrete mixtures for the construction of rigid floors. There were visits to the companies Preconcretos Trituradora la Roca y Concretos, and Tirurados, in charge of the material extractions, where samples of the crushed material "coarse aggregate" from each of the water sources were taken respectively. The granulometry of the coarse aggregate was performed according to the arranged parameters in the NCT 174 whose results were determinant for the conclusions. The trial of degradation to abrasion to each of the samples was executed, taking as guide the indications described by the Colombian INV-218-13 standard. The results obtained in the trial were analyzed and compared with the parameters stipulated by the INV standard described for the % of the degradation limit allowed for coarse aggregate for its usage as concrete material in the construction of rigid floors. It was concluded that each of the extracted materials from the water sources were viable according to the data obtained from their comparison.
A comparative analysis was performed with regarding the compression resistance of a conventional concrete mixture and its experimental addition of 5, 10 and 15% of fly ash with respect to the volume ...of its fine aggregate. The fly ash came from the thermoelectric Termotasajero located in the city of Cucuta in the Norte de Santander Department, Colombia, the previous studies performed on fly ash by the thermoelectric laboratories were useful as a reference to classify the ash. The results obtained in the compression tests for the experimental mixtures were compared to the results of the conventional concrete, where a superiority in the resistance of the experimental mixtures in early stages (7 days) was evidenced. Regarding tests performed on day 14 a minimum difference when comparing the mixtures was noted. The resistance test performed on day 28 showed superiority on the conventional mixture with a 2.03 Megapascals advantage with respect to the strengths of the experimental mixes.
On 1580 April 6 one of the most destructive earthquakes of northwestern Europe took place in the Dover Strait (Pas de Calais). The epicentre of this seismic event, the magnitude of which is estimated ...to have been about 6.0, has been located in the offshore continuation of the North Artois shear zone, a major Variscan tectonic structure that traverses the Dover Strait. The location of this and two other moderate magnitude historical earthquakes in the Dover Strait suggests that the North Artois shear zone or some of its fault segments may be presently active. In order to investigate the possible fault activity in the epicentral area of the AD 1580 earthquake, we have gathered a large set of bathymetric and seismic-reflection data covering the almost-entire width of the Dover Strait. These data have revealed a broad structural zone comprising several subparallel WNW–ESE trending faults and folds, some of them significantly offsetting the Cretaceous bedrock. The geophysical investigation has also shown some indication of possible Quaternary fault activity. However, this activity only appears to have affected the lowermost layers of the sediment infilling Middle Pleistocene palaeobasins. This indicates that, if these faults have been active since Middle Pleistocene, their slip rates must have been very low. Hence, the AD 1580 earthquake appears to be a very infrequent event in the Dover Strait, representing a good example of the moderate magnitude earthquakes that sometimes occur in plate interiors on faults with unknown historical seismicity.
Ischaemic stroke is the second or third leading cause of death in developed countries. In the last two decades substantial research and efforts have been made to understand the biochemical mechanisms ...involved in brain damage and to develop new treatments. The evidence suggests that nitric oxide (NO) can exert both protective and deleterious effects depending on factors such as the NOS isoform and the cell type by which NO is produced or the temporal stage after the onset of the ischaemic brain injury. Immediately after brain ischaemia, NO release from eNOS is protective mainly by promoting vasodilation; however, after ischaemia develops, NO produced by overactivation of nNOS and, later, NO release by de novo expression of iNOS contribute to the brain damage. This review article summarizes experimental and clinical data supporting the dual role of NO in brain ischaemia and the mechanisms by which NO is regulated after brain ischaemia. We also review NO-based therapeutic strategies for stroke treatment, not only those directly linked with the NO pathway such as NO donors and NOS inhibitors but also those partially related like statins, aspirin or lubeluzole.
Phytophthora capsici is a soilborne pathogen that causes significant losses to pepper production in Peru. Our objective was to investigate the mechanisms by which P. capsici is able to survive and ...spread. During 2005 to 2007, 227 isolates of P. capsici were collected from four species of pepper (Capsicum annum, C. baccatum, C. chinense, and C. pubescens) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) at 33 field sites in 13 provinces across coastal Peru. All 227 isolates were of the A2 mating type and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis indicates that 221 of the isolates had the same genotype. Analyses of six polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci showed fixed heterozygosity suggesting a single clonal lineage is widely dispersed. Members of the same clonal lineage were recovered during 2005 to 2007 from geographically separate locations from each of the host types sampled. Our results indicate that clonal reproduction drives the population structure of P. capsici in Peru. The impact of continuous cropping and irrigation from common river sources on the population structure in Barranca Valley are discussed.
Abstract Chronic impairment of forelimb and digit movement is a common problem after stroke that is resistant to therapy. Although in the last years some studies have been performed to increase the ...efficacy of rehabilitative experience and training, the pharmacological approaches in this context remain poorly developed. We decided to study the effect of a chronic treatment with CDP-choline, a safe and well-tolerated drug that is known to stabilize membranes, on functional outcome and neuromorphological changes after stroke. To assess the functional recovery we have performed the staircase reaching test and the elevated body swing test (EBST), for studying sensorimotor integration and asymmetrical motor function respectively. The treatment with CDP-choline, initiated 24 h after the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and maintained during 28 days, improved the functional outcome in both the staircase test (MCAO + CDP = 87.0 ± 6.6% pellets eaten vs. MCAO + SAL = 40.0 ± 4.5%; p < 0.05) and the EBST (MCAO + CDP = 70.0 ± 6.8% vs. MCAO + SAL = 88.0 ± 5.4%; contralateral swing p < 0.05). In addition, to study potential neuronal substrates of the improved function, we examined the dendritic morphology of layer V pyramidal cells in the undamaged motor cortex using a Golgi–Cox procedure. The animals treated with CDP-choline showed enhanced dendritic complexity and spine density compared with saline group. Our results suggest that a chronic treatment with CDP-choline initiated 24 h after the insult is able to increase the neuronal plasticity within noninjured and functionally connected brain regions as well as to promote functional recovery.
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