The effect of curing mode of dual-cure resin cements on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of universal adhesives to enamel, dentin, zirconia, lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS), feldspathic porcelain ...(FP), and a Pd-Au alloy was evaluated. The substrates were bonded using Tokuyama Universal Bond (TUB) or Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SBU), followed by luting with Estecem II (ECII) or Rely-X Ultimate (RXU), respectively, which were used either in light-curing or self-curing mode. The TBS test was performed after 24 h or 5,000 thermal cycles. Light-curing significantly improved the 24-h TBS of TUB/ECII to enamel, dentin and FP, as well as the TBS of SBU/RXU to all substrates except LDS. After thermal cycling, light-curing significantly increased the TBS of both adhesives/cements to dentin, but significant differences between curing modes were seldom observed for other substrates. This suggested that light-curing is essential for the hydrophilic dentin, but self-curing might be sufficient for other substrates.
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of different silicatization protocols with various silane treatment methods on the bond performance to high-translucent zirconia.
Materials ...and methods
High-translucent zirconia specimens were assigned to five groups according to mechanical surface pretreatment: as-sintered (Con), 0.2 MPa alumina sandblasting (AB2), tribochemical silica coating (TSC), 0.2 and 0.4 MPa glass bead air abrasion (GB2) and (GB4). Each group was subjected to 4 different cementation protocols: Panavia SA Universal (SAU), Panavia SA plus (SAP), silane + SAP (S-SAP), and Universal adhesive + SAP (U-SAP). Tensile bond strength (TBS) was measured after 24 h and 10,000 thermocycling (TC). Surface topography, surface energy, and elemental composition of the abraded zirconia surface analyses were completed. TBS data was analyzed using the Weibull analysis method. Surface roughness and surface energy were compared by one-way ANOVA analysis of variance (
α
= 0.05).
Results
After 24 h, higher TBS was achieved with all cementation protocols in AB2 and TSC, also, in GB2 with all protocols except U-SAP, and in GB4 with SAU and S-SAP. After aging, GB4/S-SAP, GB2/S-SAP, AB2/U-SAP, and TSC/S-SAP showed the highest bond strength. GB groups showed the lowest surface roughness and highest surface energy.
Conclusion
Glass bead abrasion achieved the durable bond strength to high-translucent zirconia using a separate silane coupling agent while altered surface chemistry, surface energy, and roughness without effect on morphology.
Clinical relevance
Glass bead air abrasion is an alternative to alumina sandblasting and tribochemical silica coating and improves bond strength to high translucent zirconia.
This study aimed to evaluate the bonding abilities and long-term durability of different repair agents when applied to lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS). Blocks of IPS e.max CAD were prepared and ...divided into four groups according to the surface treatment: Monobond Etch & Prime (ME), K-etchant GEL+Clearfil Universal Bond (UB), Bondmer Lightless (BL), and K-etchant GEL+G-Multi Primer (GMP). All treated ceramic specimens were bonded to resin composite and light-cured. The micro-shear bond strength was measured after 24 h of water storage or 5,000 thermocycles. ME and BL showed significantly higher initial bond strengths than UB and GMP (p<0.05). After 5,000 thermocycles, there was no significant difference in ME (p>0.05), but BL and GMP showed considerable reduction in bond strength (p<0.05); moreover, the samples of UB were all de-bonded before testing. ME and BL proved to be effective surface treatment materials for LDS.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different concentrations of silver diammine fluoride (SDF) on dentin bonding performance. Human mid-coronal dentin was treated with either ...distilled water (control), 3.8%SDF or 38%SDF for 3 min. A two-step self-etch adhesive and resin composite were applied according to manufacturer’s instructions. After thermocycling (TC) at 0, 5,000 and 10,000 cycles, microtensile bond strength (µTBS) testing and morphological assessment of resin-dentin bonding interface were performed. At 0 TC, µTBSs of 3.8% and 38%SDF were significantly reduced (p<0.05). At 5,000 and 10,000 TC, µTBSs of 3.8%SDF were comparable to those of the control group, whereas the µTBSs of 38%SDF were significantly lower (p<0.05). Acid-base resistance zone formation was observed in all groups, however, slope-shaped formation was identified only in the SDF groups. The µTBSs and interfacial morphology were influenced by concentration of SDF and also TC.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early tensile bond strengths of three different resin cements; Super Bond C&B (conventional and quick type) and ResiCem to a CAD/CAM composite block. A ...CAD/CAM composite block (Shofu Block HC) was ground and silanized according to the manufacturers’ instructions before cementation. A conventional tensile bond strength test (Ø: 4 mm) was performed 10 min, 1 h and 24 h after bonding. Super Bond C&B (quick type) showed the highest bond strength at 24 h. However, results of a three-point bend test showed the mechanical properties were weaker for the Super Bond C&B cements compared with composite cement, Resicem. The 4-META/MMA-TBB resin is a suitable resin cement to bond to a CAD/CAM composite block.
This study aimed to assess the influence of different light curing units (LCUs) on the polymerization of various flowable resin composites. Three LCUs (Optilux 501, Elipar™ DeepCure-L LED and ...Bluephase®20i) and eight flowable resin composites: MI FIL Flow, Estelite Flow Quick, Estelite Universal Flow (medium), Estelite Universal Flow (super low), Beautifil Flow Plus, Clearfil Majesty ES Flow, Filtek Supreme Ultra flowable and TetricEvo Flow were tested. For Vickers microhardness (VHN) test and degree of conversion (DC), specimens were prepared and polymerized for 20 s. VHN test was performed at top surfaces (3 indentations) and DC for each specimen was measured using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy after 24 h dry storage in dark at 37˚C. The data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and t-test with Bonferroni correction. DC and hardness values showed a relationship between materials and LCUs. The curing efficacy of LCU type may depend on the material composition.
•Sandblasting pressures influenced bond strength to zirconia.•Translucency of three different Y-PSZ zirconia grades did not affect bond strength.•The tested cement systems did not differ in zirconia ...bond strength.
Translucent zirconia has brought the advantages such as less tooth preparation, biological compatibility, high strength, good mechanical properties, and less antagonist wear. This study’s aim was to elucidate how clinically relevant surface treatments; alumina-abrasion and priming effect on bond strength of Y-PSZ in three different translucency grades after long-term water storage.
Three highly translucent Y-PSZ grades were ground flat with #600-grit SiC paper. Four different surface treatments (untreated, alumina blasting at 0.1 MPa or 0.2 MPa or 0.4 MPa) and two resin cements (PANAVIA V5 and PANAVIA SA CEMENT PLUS AUTOMIX) were tested. The bonded specimens were stored in water for 1 day, 30 days and 150 days and tensile bond strength (TBS) were measured with universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min (n=10). The surface roughness (Sa) measurement and surface morphology analysis without alumina-blasting pressure (untreated) and with alumina-blasting pressures (0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa and 0.4 MPa) for three different zirconia grades were evaluated with 3D-Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope.
Different alumina-blasting pressures and different storage periods affected the bonding of resin cement to translucent zirconia. The Weibull moduli increased in some groups after 150 days storage. After 1 day and 30 days storage, 0.4 MPa alumina-blasting pressure provided superior bond strength, however, after 150 days, 0.2 MPa gave reliable and stable bond strength.
Alumina-blasting pressure of 0.2 MPa was the most effective for reliable and durable bonding performance to translucent zirconia after long-term water storage.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bonding performance of carboxyl-based monomers in the priming agents to highly translucent zirconia. Highly translucent zirconia disk-shaped specimens of ...yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ) (Katana HT zirconia) after sandblasting, were assigned to 5 groups according to the chemical pretreatment: no-treatment (Con), PZ Primer (PZP), PZ primer liquid A+MMA (PZA, as MDP primer), Super-Bond liquid (SBL, as 4-META primer) and experimental 5% 4-MET primer (MET). After priming, stainless steel rods were bonded to the zirconia specimens with TBB-initiated resin. The tensile bond strength test was performed after storage for 24 h, 30, and 150 days in 37°C water. The Weibull moduli decreased in all groups except PZA after 150 days. Superior bond strength observed in PZA and MET groups after aging. Application of carboxyl-based monomers were found to be effective in adhesion to highly translucent zirconia ceramics.
The effect of different air-blowing strategies using a prototype of a newly developed clinically applicable warm air-blowing device on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of one-step self-etch ...adhesives (1-SEAs) to human root-canal dentin was evaluated. Post cavities (8 mm depth, 1.5 mm diameter) were prepared and bonded with four 1-SEAs. Air-blowing was performed using normal air (23±1°C) for 10 or 20 s; warm air (60±1°C) for 10 or 20 s; or their combination for 10 s (5 s normal, 5 s warm) or 20 s (10 s normal, 10 s warm). After filling with corresponding core materials and 24-h water storage, μTBS test was performed. For three of the 1-SEAs, combined air-blowing for 20 s significantly increased μTBS compared to other air-blowing strategies (p<0.05). This suggests that the combination of normal and warm air-blowing for 20 s can enhance solvent evaporation from 1-SEAs, thus resulting in their improved bonding performance to root-canal dentin.
This study evaluated the bonding performance of coronal dentin disks, designed for biological restoration, and CAD/CAM resin composite disks when bonded to flat dentin surfaces using dual-cure resin ...cements, with and without a resin-coating (RC) technique. Three distinct groups were established within the non-RC group, each using one of the two types of resin cements in a self-adhesive mode: one-step self-etch adhesive (1-SEA) without light-cure, 1-SEA with light-cure, and a separate group using an alternate cement. Within the RC group, a subgroup was established for each cement. The microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of the disk-dentin beam was tested after 0 and 10,000 thermocycles in a 5°C/55°C. No significant μTBS difference was observed among the non-RC groups. However, when using RC, the μTBSs of coronal dentin disks significantly exceeded those of CAD/CAM resin composite disks. Thermocycle aging did not affect μTBS in any of the bonding methods, except in self-adhesive mode.
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