Diabet. Med. 29, 1510-1514 (2012) Aims We aimed to assess the relative risk for hypothyroidism in patients with Type2 diabetes. Methods In this study, 1112 patients with Type2 diabetes (58% women, ...mean age 66.7years, median duration of diabetes 10years, 179 with previous history of thyroid disease) and 911 subjects without diabetes were evaluated. Results The gender-, age- and weight-adjusted relative risk (odds ratio) of newly identified hypothyroidism in patients with Type2 diabetes in comparison with control subjects was 2.81 (1.77-4.48). This odds ratio was significant in patients over 65years 4.02 (1.95-8.31), as well as in both men 4.84 (1.58-14.80) and women 2.60 (1.54-4.38), in obese patients 2.56 (1.36-4.82) and non-obese patients 3.11 (1.56-6.20) and in individuals with 4.26 (1.73-10.46) and without 2.93 (1.50-5.75) thyroid autoantibodies. Logistic regression analysis showed that newly diagnosed hypothyroidism was significantly and directly related not only with thyroid autoimmunity 19.15 (8.73-42.01), but also with the presence of macroangiopathy 2.85 (1.51-5.35) and metformin treatment 2.51 (1.28-4.92). Conclusions Our results favour screening for hypothyroidism in patients with Type2 diabetes older than 65years, especially in the presence of diabetic macroangiopathy or treatment with metformin. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Exocomets: A spectroscopic survey Rebollido, I.; Eiroa, C.; Montesinos, B. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
07/2020, Letnik:
639
Journal Article, Web Resource
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Context.
While exoplanets are now routinely detected, the detection of small bodies in extrasolar systems remains challenging. Since the discovery of sporadic events, which are interpreted to be ...exocomets (falling evaporating bodies) around
β
Pic in the early 1980s, only ∼20 stars have been reported to host exocomet-like events.
Aims.
We aim to expand the sample of known exocomet-host stars, as well as to monitor the hot-gas environment around stars with previously known exocometary activity.
Methods.
We have obtained high-resolution optical spectra of a heterogeneous sample of 117 main-sequence stars in the spectral type range from B8 to G8. The data were collected in 14 observing campaigns over the course of two years from both hemispheres. We analysed the Ca
II
K&H and Na
I
D lines in order to search for non-photospheric absorptions that originated in the circumstellar environment and for variable events that could be caused by the outgassing of exocomet-like bodies.
Results.
We detected non-photospheric absorptions towards 50% of the sample, thus attributing a circumstellar origin to half of the detections (i.e. 26% of the sample). Hot circumstellar gas was detected in the metallic lines inspected via narrow stable absorptions and/or variable blue- and red-shifted absorption events. Such variable events were found in 18 stars in the Ca
II
and/or Na
I
lines; six of them are reported in the context of this work for the first time. In some cases, the variations we report in the Ca
II
K line are similar to those observed in
β
Pic. While we do not find a significant trend in the age or location of the stars, we do find that the probability of finding CS gas in stars with larger
v
sin
i
is higher. We also find a weak trend with the presence of near-infrared excess and with anomalous (
λ
Boo-like) abundances, but this would require confirmation by expanding the sample.
In this work, the lubricating ability and physicochemical properties of three ionic liquids (ILs) containing the same anion and three different cations are studied. Steel-steel contact, lubricated ...with each IL was studied using a ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer. The three ILs presented very similar values of thermal stability, density, and surface tension. Trihexyltetradecylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide showed the best wettability at 25 °C, but the worst wettability at 100 °C. The influence of the surface finish in the lubricating properties of the ILs were also investigated. Results show higher wear values for fine-finished surfaces. No significant differences in the tribological performance of the ILs are found at low frequency; however, tribo-attack of the imidazolium-based IL on steel, resulted in higher wear at 5 Hz.
•The lubrication performance of three ILs with similar anion and different cations were studied in this paper.•Two different finishes of disks were selected to study also the influence of surface roughness on friction and wear values.•Density, viscosity, thermal stability, wettability on steel and surface tension of the liquids were also studied.•The three ILs presented similar thermal behavior, showing that thermal stability is slightly governed by the cation nature.•Wear was negligible for machine-finished disks.
ABSTRACT
We study how mock-observed stellar morphological and structural properties of massive galaxies are built up between $z$ = 0.5 and $z$ = 3 in the TNG50 cosmological simulation. We generate ...mock images with the properties of the CANDELS survey and derive Sersic parameters and optical rest-frame morphologies as usually done in the observations. Overall, the simulation reproduces the observed evolution of the abundances of different galaxy morphological types of star-forming and quiescent galaxies. The log M* − log Re and log M* − log Σ1 relations of the simulated star-forming and quenched galaxies also match the observed slopes and zeropoints to within 1-σ. In the simulation, galaxies increase their observed central stellar mass density (Σ1) and transform in morphology from irregular/clumpy systems to normal Hubble-type systems in the star formation main sequence at a characteristic stellar mass of ∼1010.5 M⊙ which is reflected in an increase of the central stellar mass density (Σ1). This morphological transformation is connected to the activity of the central super massive black holes (SMBHs). At low stellar masses (109 < M*/M⊙ < 1010) SMBHs grow rapidly, while at higher mass SMBHs switch into the kinetic feedback mode and grow more slowly. During this low-accretion phase, SMBH feedback leads to the quenching of star-formation, along with a simultaneous growth in Σ1, partly due to the fading of stellar populations. More compact massive galaxies grow their SMBHs faster than extended ones of the same mass and end up quenching earlier. In the TNG50 simulation, SMBHs predominantly grow via gas accretion before galaxies quench, and Σ1 increases substantially after SMBH growth slows down. The simulation predicts therefore that quiescent galaxies have higher Σ1 values than star-forming galaxies for the same SMBH mass, which disagrees with alternative models, and may potentially be in tension with some observations.
Summary Background Drawbacks exist with the standard treatment (four-layer compression bandages) for venous leg ulcers. We have therefore compared the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ...two-layer compression hosiery with the four-layer bandage for the treatment of such ulcers. Methods We undertook this pragmatic, open, randomised controlled trial with two parallel groups in 34 centres in England and Northern Ireland. The centres were community nurse teams or services, family doctor practices, leg ulcer clinics, tissue viability clinics or services, and wound clinics. Participants were aged 18 years or older with a venous leg ulcer and an ankle brachial pressure index of at least 0·8, and were tolerant of high compression. We randomly allocated participants (1:1) to receive two-layer compression hosiery or a four-layer bandage, using a remote randomisation service and prevalidated computer randomisation program. Participants were stratified by ulcer duration and ulcer area with permuted blocks (block sizes four and six). The primary endpoint was time to ulcer healing, with a maximum follow-up of 12 months. Although participants and health-care providers were not masked to treatment allocation, the primary endpoint was measured by masked assessment of photographs. Primary analysis was intention to treat with Cox regression, with adjustment for ulcer area, ulcer duration, physical mobility, and centre. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN register, number ISRCTN49373072. Findings We randomly allocated 457 participants to the two treatment groups: 230 to two-layer hosiery and 227 to the four-layer bandage, of whom 453 (230 hosiery and 223 bandage) contributed data for analysis. Median time to ulcer healing was 99 days (95% CI 84–126) in the hosiery group and 98 days (85–112) in the bandage group, and the proportion of ulcers healing was much the same in the two groups (70·9% hosiery and 70·4% bandage). More hosiery participants changed their allocated treatment (38·3% hosiery vs 27·0% bandage; p=0·02). 300 participants had 895 adverse events, of which 85 (9·5%) were classed as serious but unrelated to trial treatment. Interpretation Two-layer compression hosiery is a viable alternative to the four-layer bandage—it is equally as effective at healing venous leg ulcers. However, a higher rate of treatment changes in participants in the hosiery group than in the bandage group suggests that hosiery might not be suitable for all patients. Funding NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme (07/60/26).
Adiponectin, also called GBP-28, apM1, AdipoQ and Acrp30, is a novel adipose tIssue-specific protein that has structural homology to collagen VIII and X and complement factor C1q, and that circulates ...in human plasma at high levels. It is one of the physiologically active polypeptides secreted by adipose tIssue, whose multiple functions have started to be understood in the last few Years.A reduction in adiponectin expression is associated with insulin resistance in some animal models. Administration of adiponectin has been accompanied by a reduction in plasma glucose and an increase in insulin sensitivity. In addition, thiazolidinediones, drugs that enhance insulin sensitivity through stimulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, increase plasma adiponectin and mRNA levels in mice. On the other hand, this adipocyte protein seems to play a protective role in experimental models of vascular injury. In humans, adiponectin levels are inversely related to the degree of adiposity and positively associated with insulin sensitivity both in healthy subjects and in diabetic patients. Plasma adiponectin levels have been reported to be decreased in some insulin-resistant states, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also in patients with coronary artery disease. On the contrary, chronic renal failure, type 1 diabetes and anorexia nervosa are associated with increased plasma adiponectin levels. Concentrations of plasma adiponectin have been shown to correlate negatively with glucose, insulin, triglyceride levels and body mass index, and positively with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Weight loss and therapy with thiazolidinediones increased endogenous adiponectin production in humans. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity by increasing tIssue fat oxidation, resulting in reduced circulating fatty acid levels and reduced intracellular triglyceride contents in liver and muscle. This protein also suppresses the expression of adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells and cytokine production from macrophages, thus inhibiting the inflammatory processes that occur during the early phases of atherosclerosis. In view of these data, it is possible that hypoadiponectinemia may play a role in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In summary, the ability of adiponectin to increase insulin sensitivity in conjunction with its anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties have made this novel adipocytokine a promising therapeutic tool for the future, with potential applications in states associated with low plasma adiponectin levels.
The subtidal sediments of the inner Ría de Vigo (NW Spain) are fine-grained, rich in organic matter, and accumulate at rates of around 3 mm/yr. Redoxomorphic pyrites formation was studied in four ...sediment cores. Four operationally-defined iron fractions were determined (HCl-extracted, silicate-bound, organic and pyritic), and the dimensions and morphology of pyrites (which mainly occurred as isolated framboids 3–5 μm in diameter) were studied by SEM. Sediment appearance and degree of pyritization (DOP) identified an oxic zone limited to the top few millimetres, a suboxic zone that in most cores was just a few decimetres thick (the exception was a core obtained in an area of strong turbulent currents), and an underlying anoxic zone with DOP values of around 60%. Pyritic iron increased at the expense of the HCl-extracted fraction in approximately the top metre, but no further pyrite formation occurred at greater depths. Pyrite formation in these lower levels was not limited by lack of either HCl-extracted iron or metabolizable organic matter, but apparently by lack of sulphate ion, the diffusion of which to these depths was probably prevented by the fine texture of the sediments. Our findings highlight the interest of studying transitional sedimentary environments in order to explore in detail the geochemical parameters controlling pyrite formation.
This communication presents a compact leaky-wave antenna providing circular polarization from a dual-mode hollow waveguide (WG). The monolithic structure is based on a rectangular metallic guide that ...is perforated with crossed slots. The antenna is fed by a standard WR42 port, which is connected to the leaky WG by a transition that allows for dual-mode excitation. The axial ratio (AR) is determined by the size of the WG section and the dimensions of the crosses. In order to preserve the polarization purity, the geometry of the first radiating elements is modulated. Designed at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">K </tex-math></inline-formula>-band, the present proposal is suitable for space applications since it relies on a full-metal structure. A design methodology is proposed based on the dual-mode dispersion analysis. Selective laser melting is used to monolithically 3-D print the antenna. Measurements are in good agreement with simulations and the AR is 0.92 dB at 20.5 GHz.
This work presents the results of the photogrammetric survey of the inner side of the walls of Avila. The graphical restitution realized is part of the studies for the Master Plan of the walls of ...Avila promoted by the Cultural Heritage Institute (IPCE), under the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport in 2017. The monument has been extensively drawn throughout history, but there isn’t a complete and detailed planimetric documentation of its whole extent. The huge dimensions of the walls and the different conditions of the visible sectors of the interior side were difficult conditions to overcome. The versatility and great accuracy of photogrammetric method allowed the reconstruction of the interior of the walls in a short time and with accurate results . Moreover the possibility of integrating the results with previous surveys made it possible to present a complete and coherent documentation of the walls. This is an important point and in the research a continuity is sought between restitutions carried out with tools and at different times. In addition, a series of considerations are advanced about the transformation of traditional methods of representation of architectural heritage.
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