Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is defined as a set of pathological clinical conditions involving the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint, or both, and the associated ...structures. It is often associated with chronic headaches, cervical pain, otologic symptoms and may be accompanied by some degree of physical or psychological disability in patients. Objective: To investigate the association of chronic pain-related disability, depression, and somatization with temporomandibular disorders. Methods: It was a transversal study with 275 patients evaluated using the RDC/TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders). The variables of Axis I (myofascial pain, disc displacement and other joint conditions) and Axis II (chronic pain-related disability, depression and somatization) were crossed using Fischer’s Exact Test (p <0.05). Results: Statistically significant association was found among factors of chronic pain-related disability, depression and somatization with myofascial pain diagnosis (p =0.000, p =0.001, p =0.000, respectively), as well as joint conditions (arthralgia, osteoarthritis and osteoarthrosis) (p =0.000, p =0.008, p =0.003, respectively). Conclusion: There is a positive association between chronic pain, depression and somatization (Axis II variables) with and myofascial pain and other joint conditions (Axis I). Disc displacements were not associated to variables of Axis II.
The Modified Parkinson Activity Scale (PASm) and Lindop Parkinson's Disease Mobility Assessment (LPA) scales were developed to assess the functional mobility in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) ...being directly applied to physical therapy practice.
To translate and perform the cross-cultural adaptation of PASm and LPA scales to Portuguese-Brazil, and to analyze some psychometric properties.
Cross-cultural validation study.
Clinical environment.
Thirty-two Brazilian subjects with Parkinson's disease.
The study consisted of two stages: 1) cross-cultural adaptation process; 2) evaluation of psychometric properties.
Considering the total score, the interrater and test-retest reliabilities showed a coefficient of intra-class correlation that ranged between 0.97 and 0.98. Both scales showed excellent internal consistency (α=0.83 and 0.94). Positive correlations were obtained between the Brazilian versions of the LPA and PASm and PAS (ρ=0.63 and 0.92). The concurrent validity between scales and part III of UPDRS, established a moderate negative correlation, (ρ=-0.54 and -0.65). The one way ANOVA showed that LPA-Brazil discriminates the individual with PD between all stages according HY, and the PASm- Brazil between mild and severe stages, and moderate and severe. The MDC of scales ranging from 1 to 2 points. There was Ceiling effect only for the LPA-Brazil.
Brazilian versions of PASm and LPA are valid and reliable instruments to assess the functional mobility in patients with PD, being directly applied to physical therapy clinical practice.
The major goal of physical therapy in PD is to maintain functional mobility and independence of the patient. The results of study are relevant and could improve the physical therapy practice in Brazil, since it provides the Brazilian version of two mobility scales (one of them recommended by the European Guidelines for Physical Therapy Practice in patients with Parkinson disease).
Nitrogen is the nutrient that most influences productivity and pasture quality but nitrogen fertilization efficiency still needs to be increased. The objective of this work was to study the ...efficiency of nitrogen sources and doses (N) on the yield of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa applied during rainy and dry periods. The soil of the experimental area is an ultisol with a sandy texture. The experimental design was a randomized block in a factorial scheme with four replications, two sources of nitrogen: urea and ammonium nitrate and five N doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 per cutting), in total 0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 kg ha-1 per season-dry or rainy, respectively). The dry matter yield (DMY) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), agronomic efficiency (AE), recovery of applied nitrogen (RAN) and physiological efficiency (PE) were evaluated. The results showed that N source did not influence DMY, NUE, AE, RAN and PE. However, the N doses influenced DMY positively, and negatively NUE, AE, RAN and PE. Generally, the increase was occurred in DMY with the increase of N doses and decrease in NUE, AE, RAN and PE. As the N source did not influence the analyzed attributes, it is recommended to use urea, because it is a fertilizer with the highest N concentration and lowest cost per unit of nutrient, at a dose of 100 kg ha-1 per cut, favoring DMY gain. In addition this urea assists with the management and maintenance of the Mombasa guineagrass.
Physical exercise has an important influence on brain plasticity, which affects the neuron–glia interaction. Astrocytes are susceptible to plasticity, and induce and stabilize synapses, regulate the ...concentration of various molecules, and support neuronal energy metabolism. The aim of our study was to investigate whether physical exercise is capable of altering the morphology, density and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes from the CA1 region of rat hippocampus. Thirteen male rats were divided in two groups: sedentary (
n
= 6) and exercise (
n
= 7). The animals in the exercise group were submitted to a protocol of daily physical exercise on a treadmill for four consecutive weeks. GFAP immunoreactivity was evaluated using optical densitometry and the morphological analyses were an adaptation of Sholl’s concentric circles method. Our results show that physical exercise is capable of increasing the density of GFAP-positive astrocytes as well as the regional and cellular GFAP expression. In addition, physical exercise altered astrocytic morphology as shown by the increase observed in the degree of ramification in the lateral quadrants and in the length of the longest astrocytic processes in the central quadrants. Our data demonstrate important changes in astrocytes promoted by physical exercise, supporting the idea that these cells are involved in regulating neural activity and plasticity.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction and astrogliosis. Physical exercise prevents cognitive impairments and induces important brain modifications. The aim of ...our study was to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on spatial memory and astrocytic function in the hippocampus of a T1DM model. Fifty-seven Wistar rats were divided into four groups: trained control (TC) (
n
= 15), non-trained control (NTC) (
n
= 13), trained diabetic (TD) (
n
= 14) and non-trained diabetic (NTD) (
n
= 15). One month after streptozotocin-induced diabetes, exercise groups were submitted to 5 weeks of physical training, and then, all groups were assessed in the novel object-placement recognition task. Locomotor activity was analyzed in the open field apparatus using Any-maze software. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100B in hippocampus and cerebrospinal fluid were measured using ELISA assay, and hippocampal GFAP immunoreactivity was evaluated by means of immunohistochemistry and optical densitometry. The results showed that physical exercise prevents and/or reverts spatial memory impairments observed in NTD animals (
P
< 0.01). Decreased locomotor activity was observed in both the NTD and TD groups when compared with controls (
P
< 0.05). ELISA and immunohistochemistry analyzes showed there was a reduction in GFAP levels in the hippocampus of NTD animals, which was not found in TD group. ELISA also showed an increase in S100B levels in the cerebrospinal fluid from the NTD group (
P
< 0.01) and no such increase was found in the TD group. Our findings indicate that physical exercise prevents and/or reverts the cognitive deficits and astroglial alterations induced by T1DM.
Em Santo Antônio da Patrulha-RS existe um grupo de agricultores com certificação orgânica de produção de alimentos fornecida pela Rede de Agroecologia Ecovida, através do sistema participativo. A ...FURG, através do seu Campus no município, atua junto a esses produtores, e em 2020 foi criado na Universidade um Núcleo de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica. Além da divulgação da agroecologia, diferentes atividades são realizadas para auxiliar os produtores, sendo que uma delas envolve a realização de análises de amostras de solos das propriedades destes agricultores. Este artigo descreve os métodos de adubação orgânica usados pelos produtores, além dos resultados de análises de solos de amostras destas propriedades, que comprovam a efetividade destas práticas para obtenção de boa qualidade do solo e produtividade de alimentos.
Objetivo: conhecer as potencialidades e fragilidades vivenciadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem de emergência no atendimento aos pacientes psiquiátricos em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento do ...estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, do tipo descritivo e exploratório, com onze profissionais atuantes de uma unidade de pronto atendimento da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de junho a agosto de 2018, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: após foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, possibilitando a construção de duas categorias: A importância do cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente psiquiátrico na sala de emergência e Dificuldades na prática e atuação da equipe de enfermagem frente ao paciente psiquiátrico. Conclusão: evidencia-se a importância de investir em ações e discussões para os profissionais de enfermagem a respeito dos atendimentos ao paciente psiquiátrico na sala de emergência.
Aim
Following the substantial growth of the elderly population in Brazil, there has been an increase in cases of Parkinson's disease (PD), which raises the need for reliable and culturally adapted ...scales specific to the disease. The Parkinson Activity Scale (PAS) was developed in order to assess the activity level of people with PD through tasks related to mobility. The aims of the present study were to translate the cross‐cultural adaptation of the PAS into Brazillian Portuguese and analyze its reliability during the “on” phase of PD.
Methods
A total of 25 patients with PD participated in the study. The intrarater reliability was evaluated using a test–retest design with a 1‐week interval.
Results
The interrater reliability was tested twice on the same day by two different raters. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and the Bland and Altman plots were calculated to examine the test–retest and interrater reliabilities for total score of the PAS, whereas the weighted Kappa (Wk) was used to assess interrater agreement. The interrater ICC was 0.89 and Wk was 0.65 for the total score. For intrarater reliability, the total score ICC was 0.88.
Conclusions
The present study suggests that the Brazilian version of the PAS is a reliable instrument for the assessment of mobility in elderly patients with PD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 15: 89–95.
Extra-pyramidal symptoms (EPS) such as akinesia, dystonia, gait alteration and tremors are observed when dopamine D2-receptors are blocked by pharmacological agents such as haloperidol. These ...alterations produce a Parkinson disease-like state (PLS). Physical exercise has been proven to improve gait and locomotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease; we sought to elucidate the effects of physical exercise on PLS induced by chronic administration of haloperidol in rats. We used 48 rats distributed into four groups: Control, Exercise, Haloperidol, and Hal+Exe. All the animals received a daily injection of saline or haloperidol for 30days, and the exercise groups underwent a daily 30-minute exercise protocol for 20days. The animals were subjected to the ink–paw test, bar test and open-field test throughout the training period. The haloperidol-induced akinesia increased throughout the days of injections, but exercise was shown to alleviate it. The assessment showed shortened stride length and increased stance width with the use of haloperidol, which were significantly alleviated by exercise. These results indicate that exercise could be an interesting approach towards reducing unwanted EPS caused by haloperidol.
► Chronic haloperidol treatment impairs gait dynamics, it decreases stride length and increases stance width. ► Exercise can down-regulated gait impairment caused by chronic haloperidol treatment. ► Exercise can slow the progression of akinesia in chronic haloperidol use.
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