The paper deals with metonymies having body parts as source domains in English and Bosnian. According to Cognitive Linguistics standpoint, human cognition is based on bodily functioning. Therefore, ...we started from the hypothesis that most body part metonymies are very similar across languages and cultures, and share similar properties. The aim of the paper was threefold: first, to examine whether metonymies with body parts as source domains have common grammatical and conceptual properties in English, secondly to examine whether they share the same properties in Bosnian, and thirdly to compare the two languages in this respect. We analysed body part metonymies in terms of some grammatical properties such as the use of singular and plural, specific and generic reference, grammatical recategorisation from count to mass nouns, noun-to-verb conversion, and some conceptual properties such as source-in-target vs. target-in-source metonymies, metonymic chains and combination of metaphor and metonymy. Many common features were found both within the respective languages under consideration and in cross-linguistic analysis. The minor differences found in contrasting the data from the two languages are mainly the result of differences in grammatical systems.
Legal discourse has been studied so far by numerous linguists and legal ex-perts. Linguistic studies have predominantly focused on stylistic elements of the legal register, such as morphological and ...syntactic features. Until re-cently the figurative nature of legal register and its great potential were completely disregarded by linguists. While legal experts realised the importance and power of metaphor and metonymy decades ago, linguists have been slow to follow. The aim of this paper is a contrastive analysis of conceptual metaphors and metonymies in the legislation systems of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the UK and the US. The metaphors and metonymies used in the analysis are collected from Higher Education Acts from these three countries.
The paper analyses some aspects of polysemy of English nominalizations with the suffix -ion. First, we determine the central meaning of nominalizations with this suffix. Then, polysemy of these ...nominalizations is analysed using the Conceptual Metaphor Theory. We show that the many meanings of these nominalizations are related by metaphorical and metonymic processes. We give some examples of metaphorical and metonymic extensions of the central meaning. We explain how the degree of transitivity of the nominalized verb and its closeness to the transitive prototype influences the choice as to whether the nominalization will have metaphorical or metonymic extension(s).
Editorial note Imamović, Adisa
Explorations in English Language and Linguistics,
01/2016, Letnik:
2, Številka:
2
Web Resource
Odprti dostop
This issue of ExELL deals with issues related to ELT methodology. The papers are based on experiences and studies of authors teaching English at different levels and for different purposes.
The aim of this paper was to analyze linguistic expressions used to refer to criminals, their victims and crimes in British online media. The theoretical framework was Critical Discourse Analysis ...(CDA), or, more precisely, Critical Discourse Stylistics, as one of the many CDA approaches. The analysis focused on nomination and description as tools of manipulating the public. In reports about crimes, media language is used not only to inform but also to influence the public opinion. It is a tool which constructs the image of criminals, victims, and crimes. In these reports, the offender and the victim are placed at the opposing ends of the morality scale: the more ideal (i.e. innocent and vulnerable) the victim, the more ideal (i.e. evil) the criminal. This paper shows which linguistic expressions are used for the purpose of manipulating the public in crime reports. The results show that the choice of a noun phrase has a significant influence on the way we think about a reported crime and how we feel about the offender and the victim.
Pravnim diskursom do sada su se bavili brojni lingvisti i pravni stručnjaci. Lingvistička proučavanja uglavnom su se bavila stilskim elementima pravnog registra, kao što su morfološke i sintaktičke ...osobine. Donedavno su lingvisti potpuno zanemarivali velik potencijal figurativnog jezika u pravnom registru. Dok su pravni eksperti još prije više desetljeća uvidjeli značaj i moć metafore i metonimije, lingvisti su zaostajali za njima. Cilj je ovoga rada kontrastivna analiza konceptualnih metafora i metonimija u zakonodavstvu Bosne i Hercegovine, Velike Britanije i Sjedinjenih Država. U analizi su korištene metafore i metonimije prikupljene iz zakona o visokom obrazovanju u te tri države.
This paper examines the polysemy of English nominalizations ending in the suffix -ion explaining it by metaphorical and metonymic extensions of the central meaning. The central meaning of -ion ...nominalizations is ‘the action of V-ing’. Nominalizatons in -ion are abstract action nominalizations. Due to various metaphorical and metonymic processes, they can be used to refer to people, objects, places and time of the action, as well as to emotions. This study shows that metonymic use of -ion nominalizations is limited. Nominalizations of verbs which code the events close to the transitive prototype cannot be used metonymically. Only the nominalizations of actions in which the Patient is not drastically visibly affected by a momentary action of a volitional acting Agent can have metonymic use. Even the ones which can be used metonymically do not have equal status. Some can be used both referentially and predicatively, while others can have only predicative use.
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