AGRICULTURAL TRANSPORTATION: AIR IMPORTS AND EXPORTS Coto-Millán, Pablo; Sainz-Gonzalez, Rubén; Hontañón, Pedro Casares ...
Rivista internazionale di economia dei trasporti,
03/2018, Letnik:
45, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This research shows estimates of price and income elasticities for agribusiness product transportation of air imports and exports in Spain. Quarterly data obtained from the Directorate General of ...Customs were disaggregated by type of goods according to the Standard International Trade Classification (United Nations, 2006) for the period 1997:I-2007:IV. To calculate the elasticities, a theoretical model estimated by co-integration techniques was used. The elasticities estimated for exports of agribusiness products by air transport with respect to world income and the prices of goods have obtained excellent results (positive for income and negative for prices). Also, for imports, elasticities with respect to the national income and the price of the goods show good results (positive elasticities with respect to income and negative with respect to prices). These results have implications for long-term economic policies.
This work studies the technical efficiency of fifty European airline companies over the period 2003-2012. In the period under study, European airlines have suffered a decline in profits due to the ...2007 crisis and rising oil prices in Europe. These phenomena have increased competition in the airline industry. Using stochastic frontier methods, this paper contributes to the literature by comparing the efficiency of two Models of Knowledge Management : legacy carriers and low-cost carriers. Furthermore, this paper contributes to the literature by analysing the effects other topics of airline literature including deregulation/liberalisation, the importance of the European hubs, and the impact on efficiency of the time and timeliness management. The results show that Low Cost model were, on average, 13 per cent more efficient in the period under study, which has led low cost carriers to increase their market share through more competitive prices. web URL: http://www.libraweb.net/articoli3.php?chiave=201506704&rivis ta=67&articolo=201506704004
This work studies the technical efficiency of fifty European airline companies over the period 2003-2012. In the period under study, European airlines have suffered a decline in profits due to the ...2007 crisis and rising oil prices in Europe. These phenomena have increased competition in the airline industry. Using stochastic frontier methods, this paper contributes to the literature by comparing the efficiency of two Models of Knowledge Management: legacy carriers and low-cost carriers. Furthermore, this paper contributes to the literature by analysing the effects other topics of airline literature including deregulation/liberalisation, the importance of the European hubs, and the impact on efficiency of the time and timeliness management. The results show that Low Cost model were, on average, 13 per cent more efficient in the period under study, which has led low cost carriers to increase their market share through more competitive prices.
Introducción: El telmisartan es un ARA II con unas características propias que nos permite obtener unos beneficios adicionales. Además de bloquear el receptor I de la angiotensina II, va actuar a ...través de receptores nucleares claves como el receptor PPARgamma. Por otra parte, PPARgamma interviene en el control del remodelado óseo aunque con resultados no concordantes. El objetivo del presente estudio es valorar el efecto de telmisartan sobre marcadores del remodelado óseo en población hipertensa. Pacientes y métodos: Se evaluaron pacientes 31 hipertensos de edad superior a 45 años sin otras patologías asociadas. La dosis de telmisartan fue de 80 mg/24 h y el periodo de seguimiento fue de 12 semanas. Como grupo control empleamos una cohorte histórica de pacientes tratados previamente con IECA (enalapril-20 mg/24 h-o quinapril-40 mg/24 horas). Se determinaron los siguientes parámetros P1NP, β-CTX, 25OHD y PTH, adiponectina , osteocalcina , insulina y HOMA. Resultados: Los pacientes tratados con Telmisartan descienden los niveles de TAS (156 ± 19 mmHg vs 133 ± 15 mmHg, p = 0,001 ) y TAD (92 ± 9 mmHg vs 82 ± 6 mmHg, p = 0,01) de forma estadísticamente significativa. No se observaron cambios en los parámetros de metabolismo fosfocálcico, PTHi (48 ± 22 pg/ml vs 45 ± 22 pg/ml, p > 0,05) y 25-vitamina D (21 ± 10 ng/ml vs 25 ± 8 ng/ml, p > 0,05). El telmisartan no modifico los marcadores del remodelado óseo siendo su efecto neutro sobre los mismos, CTX (0,195 ± 0,12 ng/ml vs 0,221 ± 0,13 ng/ml, p > 0,05), PINP (39 ± 20 ng/ml vs 40 ± 19 ng/ml, p > 0,05), Osteocalcina (11 ± 9 ng/ml vs 11 ± 5 ng/ml, p > 0,05 ). Tampoco se observaron variaciones en los niveles de glucosa, adiponectina, insulina e indice de Resistencia a la Insulina (HOMA). Al dividir los pacientes en dos grupos en función de los niveles de vitamina D (insuficientes y no insuficientes), con un punto de corte de 20 ng/ml, tampoco se modificaron los marcadores del remodelado aunque se observó un descenso de la glucosa en pacientes con niveles de vitamina D por encima de 20 ng/ml (135 ± 53 mg/dl vs 119 ± 39 mg/dl, p = 0,01). Los pacientes tratados con IECAS disminuyen los valores de tensión arterial sistólica pero la diastólica no muestra cambios. Conclusiones: Telmisartan tiene un efecto neutro a nivel de los marcadores del remodelado óseo.Introduction: The telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) with a few own characteristics that it allows us to obtain a few additional benefits. It displays the ability to act as a partial agonist of PPARgamma. On the other hand, PPAR gamma intervenes in the control of bone remodelling though with not concordant results. The objective of this study to value the effect of telmisartan on bone markers in hypertensive patients. Subjects: A sample of 31 hypertensive patients with hypertension were included. The dose of telmisartan was of 80 mg/24 h and the period of follow-up was 12 weeks. The control group included 32 hypertensive patients treated before with IECA (enalapril-20 mg/24 h - or quinapril - 40 mg/24 hours). The following parameters were determined P1NP, β-CTX, 25OHD and PTH , osteocalcin, insulin and adiponectin. Results: The patients treated with Telmisartan shown a significantly decrease in systolic blood pressure (156 ± 19 mmHg vs 133 ± 15 mmHg, p = 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (92 ± 9 mmHgvs 82 ± 6 mmHg, p = 0.01) . Changes were not observed in other parameter, PTHi (48 ± 22 pg/ml vs 45 ± 22 pg/ml, p > 0.05) and 25-vitamin D (21 ± 10 ng/ml vs 25 ± 8 ng/ml, p > 0.05), CTX (0.195 ± 0.12 ng/ml vs 0.221 ± 0.13 ng/ml, p > 0.05), PINP (39 ± 20 ng/ml vs 40 ± 19 ng/ml, p > 0.05), osteocalcin (11 ± 9 ng/ml vs 11 ± 5 ng/ml, p > 0.05), glucose, adiponectin, insulin and HOMA. When the patients divided in two groups depending on the levels of vitamin D (insufficient and not insufficient), with a cut of 20 ng/ml, there was changes on bone markers but a decrease of the glucose was observed in patients with levels of vitamin D over 20 ng/ml (135 ± 53 mg/dl vs 119 ± 39 mg/dl, p = 0.01). The patients treated with IECAS decreases the systolic blood pressure but the diastolic blood pressure values of arterial systolic does not show changes. Conclusions: Telmisartan has a neutral effect to level of the bone markers of bone remodelling.
In order to identify genetic factors related to thyroid cancer susceptibility, we adopted a candidate gene approach. We studied tag- and putative functional SNPs in genes involved in thyroid cell ...differentiation and proliferation, and in genes found to be differentially expressed in thyroid carcinoma. A total of 768 SNPs in 97 genes were genotyped in a Spanish series of 615 cases and 525 controls, the former comprising the largest collection of patients with this pathology from a single population studied to date. SNPs in an LD block spanning the entire FOXE1 gene showed the strongest evidence of association with papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility. This association was validated in a second stage of the study that included an independent Italian series of 482 patients and 532 controls. The strongest association results were observed for rs1867277 (ORper-allele = 1.49; 95%CI = 1.30-1.70; P = 5.9×10-9). Functional assays of rs1867277 (NM_004473.3:c.-283G>A) within the FOXE1 5' UTR suggested that this variant affects FOXE1 transcription. DNA-binding assays demonstrated that, exclusively, the sequence containing the A allele recruited the USF1/USF2 transcription factors, while both alleles formed a complex in which DREAM/CREB/αCREM participated. Transfection studies showed an allele-dependent transcriptional regulation of FOXE1. We propose a FOXE1 regulation model dependent on the rs1867277 genotype, indicating that this SNP is a causal variant in thyroid cancer susceptibility. Our results constitute the first functional explanation for an association identified by a GWAS and thereby elucidate a mechanism of thyroid cancer susceptibility. They also attest to the efficacy of candidate gene approaches in the GWAS era.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Introducción: El telmisartan es un ARA II con unas características propias que nos permite obtener unos beneficios adicionales. Además de bloquear el receptor I de la angiotensina II, va actuar a ...través de receptores nucleares claves como el receptor PPARgamma. Por otra parte, PPARgamma interviene en el control del remodelado óseo aunque con resultados no concordantes. El objetivo del presente estudio es valorar el efecto de telmisartan sobre marcadores del remodelado óseo en población hipertensa. Pacientes y métodos: Se evaluaron pacientes 31 hipertensos de edad superior a 45 años sin otras patologías asociadas. La dosis de telmisartan fue de 80 mg/24 h y el periodo de seguimiento fue de 12 semanas. Como grupo control empleamos una cohorte histórica de pacientes tratados previamente con IECA (enalapril-20 mg/24 h-o quinapril-40 mg/24 horas). Se determinaron los siguientes parámetros P1NP, β-CTX, 25OHD y PTH, adiponectina , osteocalcina , insulina y HOMA. Resultados: Los pacientes tratados con Telmisartan descienden los niveles de TAS (156 ± 19 mmHg vs 133 ± 15 mmHg, p = 0,001 ) y TAD (92 ± 9 mmHg vs 82 ± 6 mmHg, p = 0,01) de forma estadísticamente significativa. No se observaron cambios en los parámetros de metabolismo fosfocálcico, PTHi (48 ± 22 pg/ml vs 45 ± 22 pg/ml, p > 0,05) y 25-vitamina D (21 ± 10 ng/ml vs 25 ± 8 ng/ml, p > 0,05). El telmisartan no modifico los marcadores del remodelado óseo siendo su efecto neutro sobre los mismos, CTX (0,195 ± 0,12 ng/ml vs 0,221 ± 0,13 ng/ml, p > 0,05), PINP (39 ± 20 ng/ml vs 40 ± 19 ng/ml, p > 0,05), Osteocalcina (11 ± 9 ng/ml vs 11 ± 5 ng/ml, p > 0,05 ). Tampoco se observaron variaciones en los niveles de glucosa, adiponectina, insulina e indice de Resistencia a la Insulina (HOMA). Al dividir los pacientes en dos grupos en función de los niveles de vitamina D (insuficientes y no insuficientes), con un punto de corte de 20 ng/ml, tampoco se modificaron los marcadores del remodelado aunque se observó un descenso de la glucosa en pacientes con niveles de vitamina D por encima de 20 ng/ml (135 ± 53 mg/dl vs 119 ± 39 mg/dl, p = 0,01). Los pacientes tratados con IECAS disminuyen los valores de tensión arterial sistólica pero la diastólica no muestra cambios. Conclusiones: Telmisartan tiene un efecto neutro a nivel de los marcadores del remodelado óseo.
The telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) with a few own characteristics that it allows us to obtain a few additional benefits. It displays the ability to act as a partial agonist ...of PPARgamma. On the other hand, PPAR gamma intervenes in the control of bone remodelling though with not concordant results. The objective of this study to value the effect of telmisartan on bone markers in hypertensive patients.
A sample of 31 hypertensive patients with hypertension were included. The dose of telmisartan was of 80 mg/24 h and the period of follow-up was 12 weeks. The control group included 32 hypertensive patients treated before with IECA (enalapril-20 mg/24 h - or quinapril - 40 mg/24 hours). The following parameters were determined P1NP, β-CTX, 25OHD and PTH , osteocalcin, insulin and adiponectin.
The patients treated with Telmisartan shown a significantly decrease in systolic blood pressure (156 ± 19 mmHg vs 133 ± 15 mmHg, p = 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (92 ± 9 mmHg vs 82 ± 6 mmHg, p = 0.01) . Changes were not observed in other parameter, PTHi (48 ± 22 pg/ml vs 45 ± 22 pg/ml, p > 0.05) and 25-vitamin D (21 ± 10 ng/ml vs 25 ± 8 ng/ml, p > 0.05), CTX (0.195 ± 0.12 ng/ml vs 0.221 ± 0.13 ng/ml, p > 0.05), PINP (39 ± 20 ng/ml vs 40 ± 19 ng/ml, p > 0.05), osteocalcin (11 ± 9 ng/ml vs 11 ± 5 ng/ml, p > 0.05), glucose, adiponectin, insulin and HOMA. When the patients divided in two groups depending on the levels of vitamin D (insufficient and not insufficient), with a cut of 20 ng/ml, there was changes on bone markers but a decrease of the glucose was observed in patients with levels of vitamin D over 20 ng/ml (135 ± 53 mg/dl vs 119 ± 39 mg/dl, p = 0.01). The patients treated with IECAS decreases the systolic blood pressure but the diastolic blood pressure values of arterial systolic does not show changes.
Telmisartan has a neutral effect to level of the bone markers of bone remodelling.
The Ecological Footprint of Ports Carrera-Gómez, Gema; Coto-Millán, Pablo; Doménech, Juan Luis ...
Transportation research record,
2006, Letnik:
1963, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The ecological footprint is studied as a macroindicator of sustainability applicable to companies and corporations. Until now, this macroindicator has been applied to cities, regions, or countries. ...It accounts for the consumption of natural resources by converting them into hectares of “nature” or consumed productive land. The parameters analyzed in this research have been consumption of energy, fuel, material, paper, wood, water, built land, and green areas, and residues generated by the Gijón Port Authority, Spain. The results show a net ecological footprint of 3,279.84 ha. The main components of the footprint are construction works (nearly 2,000 ha) and electricity consumption (679 ha). Studies of this kind enable companies to design sustainable development plans to reduce consumption as well as develop “green” (footprint-free) products and create “natural capital” (wastage absorption). Until now, these issues have not been on the agenda of companies, but they are indispensable in achieving real sustainability.
PDF
