Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0292, Japan
Correspondence Hideaki Yukawa mmg-lab{at}rite.or.jp
A transcriptional profiling of ...the metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum under oxygen deprivation conditions is reported. It was observed that the glucose consumption rate per cell when C. glutamicum cells were incubated under oxygen deprivation conditions was higher than that achieved by cells incubated under aerobic growth conditions. Furthermore, DNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that the genes of several key enzymes of the glycolytic and organic acid production pathways, including gapA, pgk, tpi, ppc, ldhA and mdh , were significantly upregulated under oxygen deprivation conditions. The corresponding enzymic activities consistently correlated with the regulation patterns of the genetic expression observed at the transcriptional level. Studies of lacZ fusions with the gapA, ldhA and mdh genes indicated not only that these genes are strongly induced at the onset of the stationary phase under aerobic growth conditions, but also that high expression levels are maintained under oxygen deprivation conditions. These results indicate that the genetic expression of several key metabolic enzymes in C. glutamicum cells incubated under oxygen deprivation conditions is chiefly regulated at the transcriptional level. The physiological consequence of the observed increased transcription under oxygen deprivation conditions is an increased rate of carbon source consumption, which is accompanied by a concomitant increase in organic acid production.
Abbreviations: DCW, dry cell weight; DO, dissolved oxygen; FUM, fumarase; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MDH, malate dehydrogenase; MQO, malate, quinone oxidoreductase; OAA, oxaloacetate; ORP, oxidation–reduction potential; PC, pyruvate carboxylase; PEPC, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; PGK, phosphoglycerate kinase; SDH, succinate dehydrogenase; TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle; TPI, triosephosphate isomerase
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession nos for the complete C. glutamicum R genome DNA and native episome sequences are AP009044 and AP009045, respectively.
The array data discussed in this publication have been deposited in GenomeNet EXPRESSION ( http://www.genome.jp/kegg/expression/ ) and are accessible through accession number ex0001754.
Tables showing oligonucleotides used in this study, expression data of genes observed to be up- or down-regulated under oxygen deprivation conditions, and the COGs functional annotation of genes and the numbers of genes showing increased or decreased transcriptional levels during oxygen deprived reactions, are available as supplementary data with the online version of this paper.
We report a case of living related renal transplantation that used the recipient's saphenous vein as a graft to extend the length of the right donor renal vein.
A 41-year-old woman underwent ...ABO-incompatible living related renal transplantation from her 74-year-old mother in November 2014.
A retroperitoneal laparoscopic right donor nephrectomy was performed, because the right kidney showed a cyst on preoperative computed tomography.
As the right kidney after donor nephrectomy had a short renal vein and the kidney was large at 280 g, anastomosis with the external iliac vein was difficult. Therefore, we obtained the recipient's 15-cm-long right saphenous vein and created a 1 cm saphenous vein graft. We anastomosed 1 side of the saphenous vein graft to the allograft renal vein in bench surgery and performed end-to-side anastomosis of the other end to the recipient's external iliac vein. The allograft renal artery was used to perform end-to-end anastomosis to the recipient's internal iliac artery. Allograft kidney function was good after transplantation.
When the longer axis of the renal graft vein is short, as in the right kidney, a saphenous vein graft may be useful.
•A 41-year-old woman underwent ABO-incompatible living related renal transplantation.•A retroperitoneal laparoscopic right donor nephrectomy was performed, because the right kidney showed a cyst on preoperative computed tomography.•As the right kidney after donor nephrectomy had a short renal vein and the kidney was large (280 g), anastomosis with the external iliac vein was difficult.•We obtained the recipient's 15-cm-long right saphenous vein and created a 1 cm saphenous vein graft.•We anastomosed 1 side of the saphenous vein graft to the allograft renal vein in bench surgery and performed end-to-side anastomosis of the other to the recipient's external iliac vein.
Abstract Background Post-transplantation de novo and recurrent immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposition (IgAD) in the allograft is commonly observed. However, the association between post-transplantation ...IgAD and reduced allograft function has not been determined. We therefore investigated the association between reduced allograft function and post-transplantation IgAD using serial allograft biopsies. Methods IgAD was retrospectively analyzed in 45 adults who underwent kidney transplantation for chronic glomerulonephritis, including IgA nephropathy, at Kagawa University Hospital. Allograft biopsy samples were obtained from per protocol biopsies obtained 1 and 3 years after transplantation, as well as from episode biopsies. Factors contributing to post-transplantation IgAD were assessed by calculating adjusted odds ratios (AORs) using logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 45 recipients, 18 had post-transplantation allograft IgAD. The estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) 1, 2, and 3 years after transplantation were lower in the recipients with than without IgAD. Urinalysis was normal in 61% of recipients with IgAD. Reduced allograft function (eGFR <40 mL/min/1.73 m2 ) 1 year after transplantation was significantly associated with post-transplantation IgAD (AOR = 34.4 95% CI = 2.35–502, P = .01). Conversely, blood concentrations of mycophenolic acid and latent IgAD from donor kidneys were not significantly associated with post-transplantation IgAD. Conclusion Reduced allograft function may be associated with post-transplantation IgAD in the allograft.
Inelastic x-ray scattering measurements on liquid Bi were carried out. Prominent acoustic mode excitations were observed in the dynamic structure factor to beyond 12nm super(-1), which resolves ...previously conflicting results as to their presence beyond 6nm super(-1). We find the dispersion curve of the excitation energy with momentum transfer is nearly flat from 7 to 15nm super(-1) consistent with ab initio calculations of liquid Bi J. Souto et al., Phys. Rev. B 81, 134201 (2010) (http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.134201). Our ab initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations suggest that a long-range force is needed to reproduce the flatness of the dispersion curve, and the long-range force is correlated with a local structure consisting of shorter and longer bonds in the liquid.
High-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering measurements were carried out on molten NaI near the melting point at 680°C at SPring-8. Small and damped indications of longitudinal optic excitation modes ...were observed on the tails of the longitudinal acoustic modes at small momentum transfers, Q∼5 nm^{-1}. The measured spectra are in good agreement, in both frequency and linewidth, with ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations but not classical MD simulations. The observation of these modes at small Q and a good agreement with the simulation permits clear identification of these as collective optic modes with well defined phasing between different ionic motions.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The plasmon dispersion relations in solid and liquid Rb were determined by inelastic x-ray scattering techniques. In liquid Rb, the plasmon energy increases with the momentum transfer q, whereas in ...solid Rb, the dispersion curve exhibits a cusplike shape. We also found that the plasmon linewidth in liquid Rb is narrower than that in solid Rb near q = 0. These features suggest that the conduction electrons in liquid Rb are more suitably described by the electron gas model than in solid Rb, since the electron gas model predicts a smooth increase in the plasmon energy with q and the infinite lifetime at q = 0. The origins of the observed variations in the plasmon energy and the linewidth upon melting are investigated with the aid of theoretical calculations.
With the increasing number of elderly kidney donor candidates due to the lack of available donors, prostate cancer has sometimes been detected in these candidates during pretransplant screening ...examinations. There are currently no guidelines or consensus on prostate cancer screening and treatment in donors. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of donor candidates with prostate cancer.
Between January 2006 and December 2016, 9 donor candidates for living related kidney transplantation were incidentally diagnosed with prostate cancer at our institution. All male kidney transplant donor candidates routinely received prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. The patients with PSA levels > 4.0 ng/mL underwent prostate biopsies. For future kidney transplantation, treatment for localized prostate cancer was prostatectomy.
Seven low- or intermediate-risk patients according to the D'Amico risk classification underwent endoscopic prostatectomy, while 2 high-risk patients underwent high dose-rate brachytherapy to prioritize prostate cancer treatment. Of the 7 who underwent surgery, 3 patients ultimately became living related kidney transplantation donors for their wives. There was no recurrence of PSA elevation after treatment.
This study showed that donor candidates with prostate cancer could safely donate a kidney after a thorough evaluation to exclude those with high-risk prostate cancer. Transmission of prostate cancer through kidney transplantation seems unlikely and robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy may be feasible for donor candidates with localized prostate cancer.
•Transmission of prostate cancer through kidney transplantation seems unlikely.•Donor candidates with high-risk prostate cancer should be considered as contraindicated for living related kidney transplantation (LRKT).•Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy seems feasible for LRKT donor candidates with localized prostate cancer.•Waiting period between cancer remission and kidney donation must be individualized.
We have carried out small angle x-ray scattering experiments of expanded fluid Hg in the metal-nonmetal (M-NM) transition region around 9.0 g cm(-3). Increase of small angle scattering intensity ...following the Ornstein-Zernike equation is clearly observed in the M-NM transition region as well as near the liquid-vapor critical point at 5.8 g cm(-3). The short-range correlation length, R, becomes twice as large in the M-NM transition region as in the critical region. The enhancement of R in expanded fluid Hg suggests a new type of fluctuations reflecting a first-order M-NM transition.
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