Atomic motions and, especially, correlations in atomic motion over angstrom length scales are a sensitive probe of material properties: phonons in single crystals respond to the detailed interactions ...between atoms, including both short- and long-range forces, and screening thereof, while the atomic dynamics of liquids is intimately connected with nearly all aspects of liquid behavior. Scientific questions associated with measuring dynamics include the detailed nature of phase transitions, correlations of atomic motions with electronic or magnetic properties (superconductivity, ferro-electric behavior, magnetoelastic coupling, etc.), and also very practical issues, such as investigating elasticity. Not surprisingly, both from the point of view of basic science and for applications such as geology, there is strong desire to extend studies of atomic dynamics throughout material phase diagrams, into extreme conditions.
Inverse offset of Z-map model for process planning assistance Inui, M.; Miyashita, T.
(ISATP 2005). The 6th IEEE International Symposium on Assembly and Task Planning: From Nano to Macro Assembly and Manufacturing, 2005,
2005
Conference Proceeding
Inverse offsetting is a special type of Minkowski sum operation with a solid model and an inversed shape of a milling cutter. In the NC machining, geometric simulations of the milling operation are ...often performed prior to the actual machining to visualize the result shape of the workpiece. Inverse offsetting of this workpiece shape is useful for automating some process planning tasks, especially a task for determining milling regions for the following machining operations. Most milling simulation programs use discrete Z-map models for representing the workpiece shape. In this paper, an algorithm for inverse offsetting the Z-map model is proposed. Our algorithm computes dense zig-zag curves covering the Z-map model, then it generates the swept volume of the inversed cutter moving along the curves to obtain the inverse offset shape of the model. The proposed algorithm is implemented and an experimental process planning assistance program using this technology is demonstrated
Objective:The purpose was to evaluate carotid calcifications on panoramic radiographs, and relate to risk factors for vascular diseases. Method:Between 1997 and 2001, 2568 radiographs were ...retrospectively collected from new patients at Mie University Hospital whose ages ranged from 50 to 70 years. The mean age of the subjects was 62.2 years (men 61.9 years, women 62.3 years). Medical and social data were collected from case notes, and body weight, height, and age of menopause confirmed by telephone interviews. Result:About 106 carotid calcifications were found on the panoramic radiographs of 26 males and 80 females. The ratio of males to females was 1:3.07. The subjects with carotid calcifications had medical histories that included hypertension (27.6%), obesity (21.1%), hyperlipidemia (14.5%), and cardiovascular diseases (13.2%), all with recognized risk factors for atheromas. Of 76 patients who responded to follow up interviews, two (2.63%) died from cardiovascular stroke during an average follow up of 2.43 years. Conclusions:The results show carotid calcifications detected on panoramic radiographs can be used to help predict vascular strokes in patients. In cases where calcified carotid artery atheromas are detected, the dentist or oral and maxillofacial surgeon should refer the patient to a specialized physician.
The pckA gene, encoding the gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), was cloned by PCR amplification from the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris No. 7. ...Sequencing of a 2.5-kb chromosomal SmaI-PstI fragment containing the structural gene revealed an open reading frame encoding 537 amino acids, homologous to known pckA genes. Primer extension analysis identified a transcriptional start site 72 bp upstream of the pckA initiation codon and an upstream sequence similar to sigma70 promoters. Studies of a pckA-lacZ gene fusion indicated that when cells were grown in minimal media with various carbon sources, such as succinate, malate, pyruvate, lactate, or ethanol, under both anaerobic light and aerobic dark conditions, the pckA gene was induced in log phase, irrespective of the carbon source. A R. palustris No. 7 PEPCK-deficient strain showed growth characteristics identical to those of the wild-type strain either anaerobically in the light or aerobically in the dark when a C4-dicarboxylic acid, such as succinate or malate, was used as a carbon source. These results indicate that in R. palustris No. 7, an alternative gluconeogenic pathway may exist in addition to PEPCK.
Abstract Background It has been reported that pomegranate juice significantly increased the AUC of orally administered carbamazepine in rats, which suggests that pomegranate may inhibit the ...cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A)–mediated carbamazepine metabolism. Objective The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of repeated consumption of pomegranate juice on CYP3A activity by assessing the pharmacokinetics of midazolam, a typical CYP3A probe drug, and its metabolites in healthy volunteers. Methods An open-label, randomized, single-center, 2-period crossover study was conducted on healthy Japanese volunteers. Each subject received 200 mL of pomegranate juice twice daily for 2 weeks. On day 14, they were administered 15 μg/kg midazolam orally with either pomegranate juice or water. Plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of midazolam, 1′-hydroxymidazolam, and 4-hydroxymidazolam were determined up to 24 hours using LC/MS/MS and analyzed by a noncompartmental method. Results Sixteen subjects (11 men and 5 women) were enrolled and completed the study. The mean (SD) age was 24.1 (4.8) years (range 22–40), mean body weight was 62.9 (8.8) kg (range 45.6–79.9). Differences in the mean AUC0–∞ were 12.7 (4.4) and 14.2 (6.6) ng/mL/h in pomegranate juice and control groups, respectively (geometric mean ratio: 1.02 95% CI, 0.95–1.09; P = 0.40). Differences in Cmax for midazolam did not reach the level of statistical significance (5.1 1.7 vs 5.0 2.0 ng/mL, geometric mean ratio: 0.95 95% CI, 0.79–1.11; P = 0.68). Excretions of 1′-hydroxymidazolam ( P = 0.34) and 4-hydroxymidazolam ( P = 0.32) were not significantly altered by ingestion of pomegranate juice. Conclusion In this small Japanese adult volunteer population receiving single subtherapeutic doses of midazolam, 2 weeks' consumption of pomegranate juice did not significantly alter the pharmacokinetic profile of midazolam compared with that of the control. Protocol identifier: UMIN000004459.
Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements for dense Se vapour have been carried out to investigate the characteristics of the density fluctuations near the critical density region. For this ...reason the correlation lengths of the density fluctuations and the number-density fluctuations have been measured precisely at different temperatures and pressures near the critical point. In this experiment a new spectrometer with a high brilliance source is used and SAXS spectra are detected using an imaging plate. Less noisy spectra with better fitting conditions to calculate correlation lengths of density fluctuations are found. Larger values of the correlation length of density fluctuations (and also the number-density fluctuations) are obtained near the critical density region, which agrees with the results of our previous experiments J. Non-Cryst. Solids 250–252 (1999) 531. The correlation length of the density fluctuations increases as we approach to the critical point of fluid Se along the path of critical density region.
PDF
