Aim: To enhance mineral trioxide aggregate high plasticity (MTA HP), a commonly used dental calcium silicate cement, by incorporating selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) known for their antioxidant and ...anti-inflammatory properties. The objectives included investigating the impact of SeNPs on the setting time and chemical properties of MTA HP. Materials and Methods: We performed a comprehensive study to formulate and profile SeNPs integrated into MTA HP. Diverse concentrations of SeNPs were introduced into MTA HP, and the commencement and culmination of the setting process were gauged employing a Gillmore needle cabinet. The chemical composition was validated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance and X-ray diffraction analysis. Results: The incorporation of SeNPs led to remarkable improvements. Notably, SeNPs positively affected the setting time of MTA HP, with faster setting times corresponding to higher SeNPs concentrations. Chemical analyses confirmed the successful integration of SeNPs with MTA HP. These enhancements make the material may be suitable for dental applications, especially due to its accelerated setting time. Conclusions: MTA HP incorporated with SeNPs represents a significant advancement in dental materials. Its faster setting time, combined with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of selenium, provides dental professionals with an efficient and time-saving option for complex treatments. This novel nanomaterial holds promise for improving dental procedures and patient outcomes.
Heavy metals contamination is a serious problem in the aquatic environment. Some of them are very important, having biological roles for aquatic organisms, and called essential heavy metals. In ...contrast, other heavy metals are considered harmful even at low concentrations. The toxic levels of heavy metals may be of agricultural, industrial and mining activities. This will cause water pollution and changes in the physicochemical characteristics of the aquatic environment. This pollution has deleterious toxic effects on fish and raises concerns over its potential impact on human health. The most common heavy metals are arsenic, chromium, lead and mercury, which affect human health and are considered systemic toxicants. These metals induce organ damage even at low levels of exposure and according to the US Environmental protection agency and international agency for research on cancer, they classified as carcinogens. For all the above reasons, this review was written to contribute to heavy metals' role in the environment, toxic mechanism and toxic effects on fish.
Histopathological and histochemical study of mastitis in sheep Rahawi, Asseel M.; Al-Sabaawy, Hadil B.; Ismail, Hana
Al-mağallaẗ al-ʻirāqiyyaẗ li-l-ʻulūm al-bayṭariyyaẗ/Iraqi journal of veterinary sciences,
06/2022, Letnik:
36, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Ovine mastitis is considered one of the problems that cause economic losses through its impact on milk production, which is unfit for human consumption. The current study aimed to shed light on ...mastitis in sheep in different areas of Mosul city. The results of the recent study showed the presence of mammary macroscopic and microscopic changes. Macroscopic changes were represented by the large size of the udder and changes in the color and texture, as well as clarity of sloughing and desquamation of the skin with clear exudation, especially in advanced cases. On the other hand, other samples showed the presence of hard nodules on the udders. In contrast, the histological changes represented by degenerative and necrotic changes 3.5%, and 21.4% of the sample appeared to suffer from liquefactive necrosis and abscesses infiltrated with inflammatory cells, 25% of the samples infected with granulomatous mastitis (nodular mastitis), other models showed that the udder infected with atrophy and metaplasia in the rate of 21%, thickening of the blood vessel wall with clot represented 14.2% and the deposition of calcium salt was 14.2%. The current study concludes that mastitis in sheep is widespread in sheep raised in different areas of Mosul city.
The goal of our research is to evaluate the histological impact of nano ZnO particles (NZnO) on the testis and epididymis of adult male rabbits treated with I.P of 600mg/kg body weight of nano ZnO ...particles twice a week for three weeks and to the protective effect of vitamin E versus the effect of nano zinc oxide particles. Twenty-four adult male rabbits were used in this research and divided into four groups. The first group was the control group injected with intraperitoneal distal water, and the second group was injected with 600mg/kg body weight of nano Zno particles I.P. twice a week for three weeks, the third group was injected with 600 mg/kg body weight of nano Zno particles I.P. and co-administrated with 100 mg/kg body weight of vitamin e orally, while the fourth group received 100mg/kg body weight of vitamin e orally. The histological results showed that the nano ZnO particles treatment causes noticeable changes in the testis and epididymis. These changes are characterized by thickening of tunica albuginea of testis, degenerative and necrotic changes of germ cells lining the seminiferous tubules, arrest of spermatogenesis, giant cell formation, degeneration, and necrosis of epithelial cells lining epididymis canals. The canals are free from sperms is observed. As for the group of animals treated with nano ZnO particles co-administrated with vitamin e showed improvement in the histological changes compared with the control and group treated with vitamin e only showed normal architecture of testis and epididymis. Moreover, there is a decrease in the level concentration of Testosterone of the animals treated with nano ZnO particles compared with other groups.
The present study aims are investigating the effects of oral administration of AgNPs on some blood the parameters to show potential of toxicity of AgNPs as tool therapy and diagnosis. In this study, ...20 healthy male and female rats were used. Randomly, rats were divided into 5 groups depending on the period variable respectively; AgNPs-treated rats' groups for a period of 3 days in concentration 0.2 and 0.4 gm/kg B.W, while the second period after 20 and 30 days after treatment with concentration 0.08 and 0.008 gm/ kg B.W. In addition to a control group. A Manual method was used to measure Hematological parameters. Rats treated with AgNPs showed the significant P<0.05 decrease in Hemoglobin, Packed Cell Volume, Red Blood Cells. Also, Mean Corpuscular Volume; Mean Corpuscular Hb and Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration. Platelets levels and White Blood Cell Count were After the administration of AgNPs, a protective effect on hematopoietic levels and on Red Blood Cell morphology were shown respectively as it is assessed by Leishman stained blood smears resulted in ovalocytosis at the dose 0.4 gm/kg body weight, while at the dose, 0.08 gm/kg showed echinocytes, acanthocytes, tear drop, stomatocyte and codocyte (target RBCs). Thus, it is concluded that oral administration of AgNPs caused a decreased in the level of Hb concentration, PCV, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, but increase PLTS and WBCs. It means that AgNPs has a toxic effect on blood.
The aim of this study was to determine the ability of Grapes seeds (Vitis vinifera) aqueous, proteinous, non- proteinous and alcoholic extracts as antioxidant and antiatherogenic in rabbits after ...exposure to 0.5% H2O2 in drinking water for 30 days. The results illustrated capability of 0.5% H2O2 to initiate oxidative stress via significant decrease in Glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxdiase (GPx), Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in heart and liver concomitant with significant increase in malondialhyde (MDA) in addition to decrease in high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-c) and increase low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-c) in serum of treated only with H2O2 rabbits. While rabbits treated with H2O2 associated with Grapes seeds (aqueous, proteinous, non- proteinous and alcohol) extracts for 15 days showed a significant increase of Glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxdiase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration in the heart and liver tissue as well as increase HDL-c, decrease in LDL-c and VLDL-c. While, the histolopathological examination of heart and liver tissue demonstrated that H2O2 induces, degeneration, necrosis and few inflammation foci in the liver and myocardial muscle. While the administration of (Vitis vinifera) aqueous, proteinous, non-proteinous and alcoholic extracts cause improvement in the histological picture of the liver and the myocardial muscle. It was concluded that the (Grapes extracts) aqueous, proteinous, non-proteinous and especially the alcoholic extracts can reduce the damage caused by H2O2 and this will pave the way to investigate the protective effects of the natural substances in the diseases caused by oxidative stress.
Lead toxicity is a common health issue. Lead (Pb) is harmful to vital organs of body particularly the nervous system. This study aimed to estimate the effects of lead on the cerebellum, cerebrum and ...spinal cord in rat model, focusing on histopathological changes. 24 female mature albino rats of 200-300g randomly divided into 2 groups, the first is the control, and the second group were treated with lead acetate at dose 30mg/kg B.W. for 30 days. Microscopic examination revealed degeneration and necrosis of Purkinje cells and molecular cells and decrease in the number of granular cells and molecular cells also observed. Some Purkinje cells lost axons and shrunken and some areas showed depletion of Purkinje cells. Congestion of blood vessels with perivascular cuffing of mononuclear inflammatory cells, hemorrhage, neurophagia, glial nodules were observed in the brain parenchyma. Demyelination reported in white matter, with microglial proliferation around vertebral canal of spinal cord. This study referred to the increased risk of central nervous system damage due to the exposure to lead.
The current study aimed to investigate the infection of racing pigeons with paramyxovirus-1(PMV-1) based on clinical signs of histological and histochemical changes, which increase the mortality rate ...in flocks called pigeons paramyxovirus. The study samples were collected from 45 birds from different Mosul city regions suffering from neurological signs considered pathological signs of paramyxovirus infection, like tremors, ataxia, leg and wing paralysis, and torticollis. The study collected some organs from birds most affected by infection with paramyxovirus. They include the heart, brain, liver, and kidneys. Grossly, brain lesions represented 66.6%, heart lesions represented 37.7%, liver lesions represented 55.5%, and kidney lesions represented 42.2%, respectively. The histological examination of these organs showed many histological changes represented by degenerative, necrotic, and inflammatory changes in all the tissue studied, in addition to the presence of vascular changes and fibrosis in some sections. In contrast, the section stained with Masson's trichrome showed severe deposition of collagen fibers in liver and heart tissues. The conclusion of the current study represented the histopathological histochemical changes in naturally infected racing pigeons with PMV -1. pigeons are considered a serious victim of the virus, which replicates in all body organs, since it is considered a severe threat and problem to poultry flocks.
The nervous system is the most delicate organ to neurotoxic substances that affects the development of neurochemicals, including neurotransmitters, and organization of ion channels. Urtica dioica ...(Nettle) is one of the medicinal plants, which has been increasingly highlighted used for its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative components. This study aimed to evaluate the improvement effects of Urtica dioica extract on the histopathological lesions of nervous system in rabbit model. Fifteen male rabbits of 700-800 grams separated into three groups, the first group is the control, and the second group were treated with 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) in water for 30 days, group three were combination treated group with both EG and Urtica dioica at 100 mg/kg for 10 days. Microscopic histological examination discovered generalized congestion of blood vessels at the cerebrum and cerebellum, degeneration and necrosis of the neuronal cells of the cerebral cortex which characterized by swelling of the degenerative cells, while necrotic cells characterized by shrunken and pyknosis of the cells in the cerebellum cortex presents of inflammatory cells in the meninges. In conclusion, the histopathological examination of brain sections of rabbits treated with ethylene glycol in addition to Urtica dioica extract showed slight improvement in the histological pictures of the cerebellum and cerebrum.
The objective of this study is to determine the histological effects experimentally induced by injection of alloxan 100 mg/kg B.w. on the histopathological structure of reproductive organs of male ...and female albino rats. The results showed that treatment with alloxan cause alteration in testis include irregular shape and size of seminiferous tubules, irregular division of spermatid cells, degeneration and necrosis of Sertoli cells and paucity of sperms in the lumen of tubules. While histological examination of epididymis showed the lumen of it free from sperms, thickening of muscular layer and interstitial tissue between the epididymis canal. The histological alteration of female reproductive organs includes disturbances in development of primary follicles of ovaries, hemorrhage in the interstitial tissue as well as atrophy in the uterine glands with hyperplasia of the epithelial cells of uterus. The conclusion of this study showed that alloxan cause histological alteration in reproductive organs of male and female rats.
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